小学英语语法复习.ppt

小学英语语法小学英语语法 小学英语语法小学英语语法1一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches3以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries名词复数规则小学英语语法小学英语语法 4以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives leafleaves 5不规则名词复数：man-men,woman-women,child-children；foot-feet；tooth-teeth fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese小学英语语法小学英语语法v写出下列各词的复数 I _him _ this _ her _ watch _ child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _thief _you _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_water_ milk_ rice_ tea_ 小学英语语法小学英语语法 一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能一般现在时的功能1.1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：如：The sky is blue.The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。天空是蓝色的。2.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：如：I get up at six every day.I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。我天天六点起床。3.3.表示客观现实。表示客观现实。如：如：The earth goes around the sun.The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时一般现在时小学英语语法小学英语语法一般现在时的构成一般现在时的构成1.be1.be动词：主语动词：主语 be(am,is,are)be(am,is,are)其它。如：其它。如：I am a boy.I am a boy.我是一个男孩。我是一个男孩。2.2.行为动词：主语行为动词：主语 行为动词行为动词(其它其它)。如：。如：We study English.We study English.我们学习英语。我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)(he,she,it)时，要在动时，要在动词词 后加后加“-s-s”或或“-es-es”如：如：Mary likes Chinese.Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。玛丽喜欢汉语。小学英语语法小学英语语法一般现在时的变化一般现在时的变化 1.be 1.be动词的变化。动词的变化。否定句：主语否定句：主语 be not be not 其它。其它。如：如：He is not a worker.He is not a worker.他不是工人。他不是工人。一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Be Be 主语主语 其它。其它。如：如：-Are you a student?-Are you a student?-Yes.I am./No,Im not.-Yes.I am./No,Im not.特殊疑问句：疑问词特殊疑问句：疑问词 一般疑问句。一般疑问句。如：如：Where is my bike?Where is my bike?讲义共享讲义共享小学英语语法小学英语语法 2.2.行为动词的变化。行为动词的变化。否定句：主语否定句：主语 dondont(doesnt(doesnt)t)动词原形动词原形(其它其它)。如：如：I dont like bread.I dont like bread.当主语为第三人称单数，用当主语为第三人称单数，用doesndoesnt t构成否定句构成否定句 如：如：He doesnt often play.He doesnt often play.一般疑问句：一般疑问句：Do(Does)Do(Does)主语主语 动词原形动词原形 其它。其它。如如-Do you often play football?-Do you often play football?-Yes,I do./No,I dont.-Yes,I do./No,I dont.当主语为第三人称单数，要用当主语为第三人称单数，要用doesdoes构成一般疑问句构成一般疑问句 -如如 -Does she go to work by bike?-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.-Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.小学英语语法小学英语语法 动词动词 s s的变化规则的变化规则 1 1一般情况下，直接加一般情况下，直接加-s-s，如：如：cook-cooks,milk-milkscook-cooks,milk-milks 2 2以以s.x.sh.ch.os.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加结尾，加-es-es，如：如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes watch-watches,go-goes 3 3以以“辅音字母辅音字母 y y”结尾，变结尾，变y y为为i,i,再加再加-es-es，如如study-studiesstudy-studies小学英语语法小学英语语法一、一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink _ go _ stay _ make _drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _look _ have_ pass_ carry _二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.He often _(have)dinner at home.1.He often _(have)dinner at home.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.2.Daniel and Tommy _(be)in Class One.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.3.We _(not watch)TV on Monday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.4.Nick _(not go)to the zoo on Sunday.5._ they _(like)the World Cup?5._ they _(like)the World Cup?6._ your parents _(read)newspapers 6._ your parents _(read)newspapers every day?every day?7.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.7.The girl _(teach)us English on Sundays.8.She and I _(take)a walk together every 8.She and I _(take)a walk together every evening.evening.小学英语语法小学英语语法v三、按照要求改写句子三、按照要求改写句子1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(1.Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句改为否定句)_2.I do my homework every day.(2.I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)_3.She likes milk.(3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)_4.We go to school every morning.(4.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句改为否定句)_五、改错五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)1.Is1.Isyour brother speak English?your brother speak English?_2.Does he likes going fishing?2.Does he likes going fishing?_3.He likes play games after class.3.He likes play games after class._4.Mr.Wu teachs us English.4.Mr.Wu teachs us English._5.She don5.She dont do her homework on Sundays._t do her homework on Sundays._小学英语语法小学英语语法现在进行时现在进行时1 1、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。动作。2 2、现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为、现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be be 动词动词ing.ing.3 3、现在进行时的否定句在、现在进行时的否定句在bebe后加后加notnot。4 4、现在进行时的一般疑问句把、现在进行时的一般疑问句把bebe动词调到句动词调到句 首。首。5 5、现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：、现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词疑问词+be+be动词动词+主语主语+doing+doing+其它？其它？但疑问词当主语时其结构为：但疑问词当主语时其结构为：疑问词疑问词+bebe动词动词+doing+doing+其它其它?小学英语语法小学英语语法 动词加动词加inging的变化规则的变化规则 1 1一般情况下，直接加一般情况下，直接加inging，如：如：cook-cookingcook-cooking 2 2以不发音的以不发音的e e结尾，去结尾，去e e加加inging，如：如：make-making,taste-tastingmake-making,taste-tasting 3 3假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加双写末尾的辅音字母，再加inging如：如：run-running,run-running,stop-stoppingstop-stopping小学英语语法小学英语语法v现在进行时专项练习：现在进行时专项练习：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：一、写出下列动词的现在分词：run_ swim _make_ begin_run_ swim _make_ begin_go_ like_go_ like_write_ shop write_ shop _have _sing_have _sing_dance _dance _put_put_ see_ love_ live_ take_ see_ love_ live_ take_ come _ come _get _stop_ sit get _stop_ sit _ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.1.The boy _(draw)a picture now.2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the 2.Listen.Some girls _(sing)in the classroom.classroom.3.My mother _(cook)some nice 3.My mother _(cook)some nice foodfoodnow.now.4.What _ you _(do)now?4.What _ you _(do)now?5.Look.They _(have)an English 5.Look.They _(have)an English lesson.lesson.小学英语语法小学英语语法三、句型转换：1.They are doing housework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)_2The students are cleaning the classroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)_小学英语语法小学英语语法一般将来时一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及 打算、打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,next day(week,month,yeartomorrow,next day(week,month,year),soon,the),soon,the day after tomorrowday after tomorrow（后天）等。（后天）等。二、基本结构：二、基本结构：be going to dobe going to do；will do.will do.三、否定句：在三、否定句：在bebe动词（动词（am,is,aream,is,are）l l后加后加notnot或情态或情态动词动词willwill后加后加notnot成成wonwont t。例如：例如：I Im going to have a picnic this m going to have a picnic this afternoon.Iafternoon.Im not going to have a picnic this m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.afternoon.四、一般疑问句：四、一般疑问句：bebe或或willwill提到句首，提到句首，somesome改为改为any,any,andand改为改为oror，第一二人称互换。，第一二人称互换。例如：例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend.We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outing this weekend Are you going to go on an outing this weekend小学英语语法小学英语语法v五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。情况。1 1、问人。、问人。Who Who 例如：例如：I Im going to New York soon.Whom going to New York soon.Whos s going to New York soon.going to New York soon.2 2、问干什么。、问干什么。What What do.do.例如：例如：My father is going to My father is going to watch watch a racea race with me this with me this afternoon.What is your father afternoon.What is your father going to going to do with you this afternoon.do with you this afternoon.3 3、问什么时候。、问什么时候。When.When.例如：例如：SheShes going to go to bed s going to go to bed at at nine.nine.When is she going When is she going to bed?to bed?六、同义句：六、同义句：be going to=willbe going to=willI am going to go swimming tomorrowI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）（明天）.=I will go.=I will go swimming tomorrow.swimming tomorrow.小学英语语法小学英语语法 练习：填空。练习：填空。1.1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。我想去打篮球。What _ _ _ _ _next What _ _ _ _ _next Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.Monday?I _ _ _ play basketball.（同义句（同义句3.3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?_ your mother _ _ go shopping this _?Yes,she _.She _ _ _ Yes,she _.She _ _ _ buy some fruit.buy some fruit.4.4.你们打算什么时候见面。你们打算什么时候见面。What time _ you _ _ meet?What time _ you _ _ meet?小学英语语法小学英语语法THANK YOUSUCCESS2024/5/7 周二19可可编辑小学英语语法小学英语语法v用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。1.1.Today is a sunny day.We _(have)a picnic Today is a sunny day.We _(have)a picnic this afternoon.this afternoon.2.2.My brother _(go)to Shanghai next My brother _(go)to Shanghai next week.week.3.Tom often _(go)to school on foot.3.Tom often _(go)to school on foot.But today is rain.He _(go)to But today is rain.He _(go)to school by bike.school by bike.4.4.What do you usually do at weekends?I usually What do you usually do at weekends?I usually _(watch)TV and _(catch)_(watch)TV and _(catch)insects?insects?5.It5.Its Friday today.What _she _ s Friday today.What _she _(do)(do)this weekend?She _(watch)TV and this weekend?She _(watch)TV and _(catch)insects._(catch)insects.小学英语语法小学英语语法 一般过去时一般过去时 1 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或 存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2 2BeBe动词在一般过去时中的变化：动词在一般过去时中的变化：am am 和和isis在一般过去时中变为在一般过去时中变为waswas（was was not=wasnnot=wasnt t）areare在一般过去时中变为在一般过去时中变为werewere。（。（were were not=werennot=werent t）3 3句中没有句中没有bebe动词的一般过去时的句子动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：否定句：didndidnt t 动词原形，动词原形，如：如：Jim didnJim didnt go home yesterday.t go home yesterday.小学英语语法小学英语语法动词过去式变化规则：动词过去式变化规则：1 1一般在动词末尾加一般在动词末尾加-ed-ed，如：，如：work-work-worked,-worked,2 2结尾是结尾是e e加加d d，如：，如：live-lived live-lived 3 3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加再加-如：如：stop-stoppedstop-stopped4 4以以“辅音字母辅音字母 y y”结尾的，变结尾的，变y y为为i i，再加再加-ed-ed，如：，如：study-studiedstudy-studied小学英语语法小学英语语法5 5不规则动词过去式：不规则动词过去式：amam、is-was,are-were,do-did is-was,are-were,do-did see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-gotgot go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-draw-drew,drink-drank,swim-swam,sit-satsat小学英语语法小学英语语法 一、一、用动词的适当形式填空用动词的适当形式填空1.It _(be)Bens birthday last Friday.2.We all _(have)a good time last night.3.He _(jump)high on last Sports Day.4.Helen _(milk)a cow on Friday.5.She likes _ newspapers,but she _a book yesterday.(read)6._ they _(sweep)the floor on Sunday?No,they _.7.I _(watch)a cartoon on Monday.小学英语语法小学英语语法六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级一、形容词的比较级1 1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词较级，比较级后面一般带有单词thanthan。比较级前面可以用。比较级前面可以用more,a little more,a little 来修饰表示程度。来修饰表示程度。thanthan后的人称代词用主格后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。（口语中可用宾格）。2 2形容词加形容词加erer的规则：的规则：一般在词尾加一般在词尾加er er；以字母以字母e e 结尾，加结尾，加r r；以以1 1元音字母和元音字母和1 1辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加再加er er；以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y+y”结尾，先把结尾，先把y y变变i i，再加，再加er er。小学英语语法小学英语语法 3 3、不规则形容词比较级：、不规则形容词比较级：good-better,good-better,beautiful-beautiful-more beautifulmore beautiful二、副词的比较级二、副词的比较级 1 1形容词与副词的区别形容词与副词的区别 (有有bebe用形，有形用用形，有形用bebe；有动用副，有副用动有动用副，有副用动)在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或bebe动词之后动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后 2 2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同同 (不规则变化：不规则变化：well-betterwell-better，far-fartherfar-farther小学英语语法小学英语语法一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级 short_short_strong_strong_ big_ big_ small_small_fat_fat_ thin_thin_heavy_heavy_ light_light_nice_ nice_ good_good_ beautiful_beautiful_low_low_high_high_ slow_slow_fast_fast_late_late_early_ early_ far_ far_ well_well_二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1.My brother is two years _(old)than me.1.My brother is two years _(old)than me.2.Tom is as _(fat)as Jim.2.Tom is as _(fat)as Jim.3.Is your sister _(young)than you?Yes,she 3.Is your sister _(young)than you?Yes,she is.is.4.Who is _(thin),you or Helen?Helen is.4.Who is _(thin),you or Helen?Helen is.小学英语语法小学英语语法5._Nancy sing _(well)than Helen?5._Nancy sing _(well)than Helen?Yes,she _.Yes,she _.6.Fangfang is not as _(tall)as the other 6.Fangfang is not as _(tall)as the other girls.girls.7.My eyes are _(big)than _(she)7.My eyes are _(big)than _(she)8.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?8.Who gets up _(early),Tim or Tom?9._the girls get up _(early)than the 9._the girls get up _(early)than the boys?No,they_.boys?No,they_.小学英语语法小学英语语法三、翻译句子：三、翻译句子：1 1、谁比、谁比JimJim年纪大？是你。年纪大？是你。_ is _than Jim_ is _than Jim？_ are_ are2.2.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。I like _.All my_ I like _.All my_ _than me._than me.3 3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。_pencil is _,_or_pencil is _,_or _ _？_is,I think._is,I think.4.4.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。我母亲比我父亲年纪小。My_My_ _ _ _than my _._than my _.5.5.多做运动，你会更强壮。多做运动，你会更强壮。_ more exercise,you_ more exercise,youll _ll _soon._soon.小学英语语法小学英语语法There be There be 句型与句型与have,hashave,has的区别的区别1 1、There be There be 句型表示：在某地有句型表示：在某地有某人某人/物物2 2、在、在there be there be 句型中，主语是单数，句型中，主语是单数，be be 动词用动词用is is;主语是复数，主语是复数，be be 动词用动词用are;are;如有几件物品，如有几件物品，be be 动词根据最近动词根据最近be be 动词的那个名词决定。动词的那个名词决定。3 3、there be there be 句型的否定句在句型的否定句在be be 动词后加动词后加not,not,一一般疑问句把般疑问句把be be 动词调到句首。动词调到句首。4 4、there bethere be句型与句型与have(has)have(has)的区别：的区别：there bethere be表表示在某地有某人示在某地有某人/物；物；have(has)have(has)表示某人拥有某物表示某人拥有某物。小学英语语法小学英语语法5 5、some some 和和any any 在在there be there be 句型中的运用句型中的运用some some 用于肯定用于肯定 ，anyany用于否定句或疑问句。用于否定句或疑问句。6 6、and and 和和or or 在在there bethere be句型中的运用：句型中的运用：and and 用于肯定句用于肯定句,or,or 用于否定句或疑问句。用于否定句或疑问句。7 7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：How many+How many+名词复数名词复数 +are there+are there+介词短语？介词短语？How much+How much+不可数名词不可数名词 +is there+is there+介词短语？介词短语？8 8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：WhatWhats+s+介词短语介词短语小学英语语法小学英语语法Fill in the blank with Fill in the blank with“have,hashave,has”or or“there is,there is,there arethere are”1.I _ a good father and a good 1.I _ a good father and a good mother.mother.2._a telescope on the desk.2._a telescope on the desk.3.He_ a tape-recorder.3.He_ a tape-recorder.4._a basketball in the 4._a basketball in the playground.playground.5.She_ some dresses.5.She_ some dresses.小学英语语法小学英语语法人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词1 1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2 2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。用，后面不带名词。小学英语语法小学英语语法人称代词和物主代词人称代词和物主代词 主格主格 宾格宾格 形容词性形容词性 名词性名词性 I me my I me my minemine you you your you you your yoursyours he him his he him his hishis she her her she her her hershers it it its it it its itsits we us our we us our oursours they them their they them their theirstheirs小学英语语法小学英语语法用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。1.1.That is not _kite.That kite is very That is not _kite.That kite is very small,small,but _is very big.but _is very big.(I)(I)2.2.The dress is _.Give it to _(she The dress is _.Give it to _(she)3.3._is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!_is my brother._ name is Jack.Look!Those stamps are_(he)Those stamps are_(he)4.4.I can find my toy,but whereI can find my toy,but wheres _?(s _?(you)you)5.5.Show _ your kite,OK?(they)Show _ your kite,OK?(they)小学英语语法小学英语语法用用amam，isis，areare填空。填空。1.That _ my red skirt.1.That _ my red skirt.2.Who _ I?2.Who _ I?3.The jeans _ on the desk.3.The jeans _ on the desk.4.The black gloves _4.The black gloves _for Su Yang.for Su Yang.5.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.5.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling.6.The two cups of milk _ for me.6.The two cups of milk _ for me.7.Some tea _ in the glass.7.Some tea _ in the glass.小学英语