肘部解剖.ppt

The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University肘关节的解剖 The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University主要内容主要内容肘关节的体表标志 骨性结构关节神经的支配范围2The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University体表标志体表标志肱骨内上髁、肱骨外上髁尺骨鹰嘴肱二头肌腱肘后内侧沟3The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University4The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University5The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University骨性结构骨性结构6The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University7The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University8The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University9The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University10The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University11The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University关节的基本构造关节的基本构造1、关节面 2、关节囊 由纤维结缔组织构成的囊，附着于关节的周围，并与骨膜融合连续，包围关节腔。纤维膜-厚且坚韧滑膜-薄而柔软12The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University13The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University14The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University15The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University16The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University关节的辅助结构关节的辅助结构1、韧带2、关节盘和关节唇尺神经走行于肱骨内上髁后下方的尺神经沟，然后向前穿过尺侧腕屈肌的起点，行向前臂的前内侧17The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University18The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University19The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University20The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University21The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University正中神经支配正中神经支配正中神经的主干在前臂发支支配除肱桡肌、尺侧腕屈肌和指深屈肌尺侧半的所有前臂屈肌和旋前肌。正中神经在手的分布：运动纤维支配第1、2蚓状肌和鱼际肌（拇收肌除外）；感觉纤维则分布与桡侧半个手掌、桡侧三个半手指掌面皮肤及其中节呵远节指背皮肤。22The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University23The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University24The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University桡神经的分布桡神经的分布桡神经在臂部发出较多的分支，其中肌支主要分布与肱三头肌、肘肌、肱桡肌和桡侧腕长伸肌。关节支分布于肘关节皮支总共三支：分布于臂后区的皮肤；臂下外侧部的皮肤，前臂后面的皮肤。手部的分布：手部桡侧半皮肤和桡侧三个半手指近指节背面的皮肤25The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University26The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University27The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University28The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University尺神经尺神经尺神经在臂部不发出分支，于前臂上部发肌支支配尺侧腕屈肌和指深屈肌尺侧半。手部分布：分布于手背尺侧半和小指、环指及中指尺侧半背面皮肤。浅支分布于小鱼际表面的皮肤、小指掌面皮肤。深支分布于小鱼际肌、拇收肌、骨间掌侧肌、骨间背侧肌及第3、4蚓状肌29The Diagnostics Institute,School of Medicine,Shandong University30