表语从句-PPT.ppt

表语从句五大基本句型五大基本句型1.主主+谓谓 Lynn runs.2.主主+谓谓+宾语宾语 Rabbits eat carrots.3.主主+谓谓+间接宾语间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语直接宾语(sth)I give her a book.4.主主+谓谓+宾语宾语+宾补宾补 We found Harry reliable.5.主主+系系+表表You are students.1.I know her.2.I know what she likes.主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）在复合句中，用来充当宾语的句子就叫宾语从句在复合句中，用来充当宾语的句子就叫宾语从句宾语宾语 是是 动作动作 的承受者。的承受者。由名词，代词或相当于名词的词语或由名词，代词或相当于名词的词语或 从句从句 充当。充当。一.宾语从句 句子成分分析1.The fact is ture .2.The fact is that she cried.主语主语 系系 表语表语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语 系系表语从句表语从句连词连词从句主语从句主语 主主 句句从句谓语从句谓语在复合句中，用来充当表语的句子就叫表语从句在复合句中，用来充当表语的句子就叫表语从句 二.句子成分分析表语用来说明主语的表语用来说明主语的 身份身份,性质，特征性质，特征 和和 状态。状态。常由名词常由名词,形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词语或形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词语或 从句充当。从句充当。（复合句）（复合句）放在实意动词后做宾语的句子我们叫做宾语从句。放在实意动词后做宾语的句子我们叫做宾语从句。1.I know what she likes.宾宾 语语 从从 句句 实意动词实意动词2.The fact is that she cried.系系连词连词表语表语 从从 句句放在系动词后做表语的句子我们叫做表语从句。放在系动词后做表语的句子我们叫做表语从句。连词连词三三.宾语从句比较，表语从句比较宾语从句比较，表语从句比较 相同点：句子结构均是相同点：句子结构均是主句主句 +连词（引导词）连词（引导词）+从句从句宾语从句宾语从句 表语从句表语从句 比较比较：不同点：不同点：1.1.实意动词后实意动词后-宾语从句宾语从句2.2.系动词后系动词后-表语从句表语从句注意：宾语从句三要素注意：宾语从句三要素 1.1.引导词（连词）引导词（连词）2.2.语序语序 （陈述语序）（陈述语序）3.3.时态时态:主将现从乱；主过从过主将现从乱；主过从过 表语从句三要素表语从句三要素大家应该也有点累了，稍作休息大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流8一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）一、连词（引导词）1.1.当表语从句是当表语从句是当表语从句是当表语从句是 陈述句陈述句陈述句陈述句 时（包括肯定句和否定时（包括肯定句和否定时（包括肯定句和否定时（包括肯定句和否定 句），连词由句），连词由句），连词由句），连词由that引导，因为引导，因为引导，因为引导，因为thatthat在从句中不作在从句中不作在从句中不作在从句中不作 任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，但是却不可省略任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，但是却不可省略任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，但是却不可省略任何成分，也没有任何具体意思，但是却不可省略 The fact is that The fact is that Jack is clever.Jack is clever.(Jack is clever.)(Jack is clever.)The problem is The problem is that Alex doesnt eat carrots.that Alex doesnt eat carrots.(Alex doesnt eat carrots.)(Alex doesnt eat carrots.)练习1.我丢了他的地址.(lose-lost-lost)2.麻烦的是我丢了他的地址.（trouble）3.他是个可靠的男孩4.我的观点是 他是个可靠的男孩。（idea）练习1.我丢了他的地址.(lose-lost-lost)2.麻烦的是我丢了他的地址.（trouble）I lost his address.The trouble is that I lost his address3.他是个可靠的男孩4.我的观点是 他是个可靠的男孩。（idea）He is a reliable boy.My idea is that he is a reliable boy.2.2.当表语从句是当表语从句是一般疑问句一般疑问句时，由连词时，由连词whether引引导导，它它们们在在从从句句中中不不做做任任何何成成分分，但但因因为为whetherwhether翻翻译译成：成：“是否是否”，具有一定的意义，也，具有一定的意义，也不能省略不能省略 注意注意 if不引导 表语从句表语从句1)1)Is Linda on diet?My question is whether Linda is on diet?My question is if Linda is on diet.My question is whether is Linda on diet.2)Did Linda cry yesterday?My question is whether Linda cried yesterday.My question is whether did Linda yesterday.The problem is if Linda cried yesterday.练习：练习：崔继文崔继文 昨天咬昨天咬 王志龙了吗？王志龙了吗？(bite-bit-bitten)我的问题是我的问题是 崔继文崔继文昨天昨天是否咬了王是否咬了王志龙。志龙。Did Juwen Cui bite Zhilong wangyesterday？练习：练习：崔继文崔继文 昨天咬昨天咬 王志龙了吗？王志龙了吗？(bite-bit-bitten)我的问题是我的问题是 崔继文崔继文昨天昨天是否咬了王是否咬了王志龙。志龙。My question is whether Juwen Cui bit Zhilong Wangyesterday.3.3.当当当当表表表表语语语语从从从从句句句句是是是是特特特特殊殊殊殊疑疑疑疑问问问问句句句句时时时时，由由由由连连连连接接接接代代代代词词词词或或或或者者者者连连连连接接接接副副副副词引导。词引导。词引导。词引导。因因因因为为为为连连连连接接接接代代代代词词词词 或或或或连连连连接接接接副副副副词词词词在在在在从从从从句句句句中中中中担担担担任任任任一一一一定定定定的的的的句句句句子子子子成成成成分分分分，具具具具 有一定的意义，有一定的意义，有一定的意义，有一定的意义，也不能省略也不能省略也不能省略也不能省略.连接副词连接副词连接副词连接副词（when,where,how,when,where,how,whywhy）whenever,however,however,whenever,however,however,在从句在从句在从句在从句中做中做中做中做 状语状语状语状语.连接代词连接代词连接代词连接代词（what,who,whom,which,whosewhat,who,whom,which,whose），），），），whatever,whoever,whichever.whatever,whoever,whichever.在从句中常做在从句中常做在从句中常做在从句中常做 主语主语主语主语.宾语宾语宾语宾语.表语表语表语表语.定语定语定语定语 例1.Why did the two brothers make a bet?That is why the two brothers made a bet.(原因状语原因状语)That is why did the two brothers made a bet.例例2：How did he go to school?That is how he went to school.（方式方式状语）状语）That is how did he went to school.例例3.Who is he?My question is who he is.（表语）（表语）(变逻辑语序其实就是：变逻辑语序其实就是：变逻辑语序其实就是：变逻辑语序其实就是：he is he is whowho.).)My question is who is he?例例4.What does it look like(看起来像看起来像看起来像看起来像)?The important thing is what it looks like .(宾语宾语)（变逻辑语序是：（变逻辑语序是：（变逻辑语序是：（变逻辑语序是：It looks likeIt looks like what.what.）The important thing is what does it looks like.1.这个女孩是谁？2.我的问题是 这个女孩是谁.3.谁能替代她？(replace)4.麻烦的是 谁能替代他？(trouble)5.他担心什么？他担心什么？(be worried about)6.那就是他所担心的。那就是他所担心的。练习练习Who is the girl?My question is who the girl is.Who can replace her?The trouble is who can replace her.What is he worried about?That is what she is worried about.KEY：4.其他从属连词其他从属连词 because,as if/though(1)because引导表语从句通常只用于引导表语从句通常只用于 固定句型固定句型“This/That/It is because”结构中。结构中。Zhilong Wang:Why did you bite me?Juwen Cui:It/This/That is because you lied to me yesterday.(2)as if/though常置于感官系动词常置于感官系动词look,sound,feel;be,become 等后面，等后面，常用句型：常用句型：It looks as if.;It seems as if.e.g.It looks as if it is going to rain.看起来要下雨看起来要下雨 It seemed as if the world was at an end.看起来似乎到了世界末日看起来似乎到了世界末日练习：1.我们认为王志龙应该向崔继文道歉。那是因为王志龙向崔继文撒谎了。We think _Zhilong Wang should _ to Juwen Cui._ _ _ Zhilong Wang _ to him.2.王志龙看起来像认识到自己的错误了。Zhilong Wang has realized his mistake.练习：1.我们认为王志龙应该向崔继文道歉。那是因为王志龙向崔继文撒谎了。We think Wang Zhilong should to Cui Juwen.Wang Zhilong to him.2.王志龙看起来像认识到自己的错误了。Wang Zhilong has realized his mistake.that It isbecauseliedIt looks/seemsas ifapologize1.在引导表语从句时，不能用在引导表语从句时，不能用if。2.当主句的主语是表示当主句的主语是表示 建议、命令、要求建议、命令、要求 等的等的名词名词 时，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即谓语动词时，那么表语从句应该用虚拟语气，即谓语动词 用用“should should+动动词词原原形形”，should可可省省略略。常常见见的的词词有有：advice,suggestion,order,proposal,planadvice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan例如：例如：例例：His suggestion is that we(should)climb all the way to the top of the hill.他的建议是我们一路爬到山顶。他的建议是我们一路爬到山顶。表语从句中要注意的几个问题表语从句中要注意的几个问题我的建议是他应该减肥。(lose weigt)练习 My advice/suggestion is that he(should)lose weight.我的建议是他应该减肥。(lose weigt)练习 3.当the reason 做主主语语时，常用that 引导表语从句，构成固定句型：The reason（why.)is that.表语从句中要注意的几个问题表语从句中要注意的几个问题B 例:The reason（why he was so late）is that it was raining hard then.题：题：He failed in his exam.The reason is _he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of二、时态二、时态1.1.1.1.如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态如果主句是现在的时态 （包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时（包括一般现在时 ，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根现在进行时，现在完成时），从句的时态可根 据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过据实际情况而定，（包括一般现在时，一般过 去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）去时，一般将来时，现在完成时等）一句话：主将现从乱一句话：主将现从乱一句话：主将现从乱一句话：主将现从乱2.2.如如如如果果果果主主主主句句句句是是是是过过过过去去去去的的的的时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行行行行时时时时），那那那那么么么么从从从从句句句句的的的的时时时时态态态态一一一一定定定定要要要要用用用用相相相相对对对对应应应应的的的的过过过过去去去去的的的的某某某某种种种种时时时时态态态态（包包包包括括括括一一一一般般般般过过过过去去去去时时时时，过过过过去去去去进进进进行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）过去完成时）一句话：一句话：一句话：一句话：主过从过主过从过主过从过主过从过3.3.当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理当从句是客观真理，定义，公理，定理 时用一般现在时。时用一般现在时。vWhat the teacher said yesterday was that the earth travels around the sun.例题例题1：The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether例题例题2：The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of例例3:The problem is _to take the place of John.A.who can we get B.what we can getC.who we can get D.that we can get4.Id like to start my own business thats _ Id do if I had the money.A.why B.when C.which D.what 5.Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer,which is _ he never finishes anything.A.that B.when C.where D.why 1.The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that B.if C.when D.whether2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.A.because B.that C.for D.because of3.Go and get your coat.It s _you left it.A.where B.there C.there where D.where there综合练习综合练习 4The problem is _to take the place of TedA.who can we get B.what we can getC.who we can get D.that we can get5.What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.A.that B.if C.whether D.不填6.The reason is_I missed the bus.A.that B.when C.why D.what高考链接1.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game?-Oh,thats_.A.what makes me feel excitedB.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it D.when I feel excited 2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.-Is that_ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 3.Perseverance（坚持不懈）（坚持不懈）is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well.A.what B.that C.which D.why