在职研究生英语词汇复习.ppt

1当代研究生英语张燕华英语专业教研室.2词汇常考题型.3词汇测试的目的主要是测试对词语的掌握程度，运用能力及辨析能力。词汇部分特别注重对基础词汇的测试，或是词的辨析和比较，或是固定搭配，或是常用的词组。学习掌握一些英语构词法注意比较同义词和近义词的区别。熟记固定词组搭配。充分利用题干中的逻辑关系进行推理。题干中的逻辑关系包括同义结构、反义关系、因果关系等。.4一、同义词与近义词 指含义基本相同或相近的词，但考生需要能区分这些同义词与近义词的不同用法及其基本搭配。.51.The discovery of new oil-fields in various parts of the country filled the government with _ hope.A.eternal B.infinite C.ceaseless D.everlasting eternal:永恒的 infinite：无限的 ceaseless:不停的，继续的 everlasting:永久的,无休止的 .62.Although he has become rich,he is still very _ of his money.A.economic B.thrifty C.frugal D.careful economic:经济的，不浪费的 thrifty:节约的，不乱花钱的 thrifty of frugal:节约的，不乱花钱的，frugal with careful 小心的 .7二、形似词 指同根词，即词根相同，但词义、用法有差异的词；以及同缀词，即词前缀或后缀相同，但词义、用法不同的词。.83.The _ physicist has been challenged by others in his field.A.respectable B.respectful C.respective D.respecting respectable:令人尊敬的，可敬的 respectful:恭敬的，有礼貌的 respective:各自的，分别的 respecting:关于 .94.Your advice would be_ valuable to him,who is now at a loss as to what to do.A.exceedingly B.excessively C.extensively D.exclusively exceedingly:及其，非常 excessively:过多，过分 extensively:广泛地，大量地 exclusively:专有地，单独地 .10三、基本搭配和固定短语 注意积累一定的习惯用法和搭配。.115.You must let me have the annual report without _ by ten oclock tomorrow morning.A.failure B.hesitation C.trouble D.fail without failure 为固定用法，表示“一定，必定”.126.I only know the man by _ but I have never spoken to him.A.chance B.heart C.sight D.experience by chance:偶然的，意外的 by heart:用心记住 by sight:面熟 by experience:从经验中 .137.At three thousand feet,wide plains begin to appear,and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _.A.on view B.at a glance C.on the scene D.in sight on view:展览，陈列 at a glance:看一眼就 on the scene:出现，到场 in sight:在视野中，看得见 .14四、常见动词与介词、副词构成的短语8.She refused to _ the door key to the landlady until she got back her deposit（押金）.A.hand in Bhand out C.hand down D.hand over hand in:提交 hand out:分发，散发 hand down:往下传，传给（后代）hand over:移交，交出 .159.The old couple will never _ the loss of their son.A.get over B.get away C.get off D.get across get over:克服，忘却，从中恢复过来 get away:离开，逃脱 get off:下车，动身，起飞 get across:被理解，（使）通过 .16词汇构词法.171.Affixation 加缀法 prefixation:supermarket suffixation:development2.Conversion:转换法 She is patient with the patient.3.Compounding:合成法 earthquake 4.Shortening 截短法 plane:aeroplane exam:examination flu:influenza .18Prefix.19 Negative prefixesprefixes meaningexamplesun-not,the converse ofunwisenon-nonessentialdis-dishonestin-informalim-immatureil-illegalir-irregular.20Reversative prefixes prefixes meaningexamples un-reversingthe actionunpackde-decodedis-disconnect.21Pejorative prefixes prefixes meaningexamplesmis-wronglymishearmal-badmalformed 使畸形使畸形pseudo-falsepseudoscience.22Prefixes of degree or size prefixes meaningexamplesarch-supremearchbishopsuper-more thansupermarketout-surpassingoutlivesur-oversurcharge 附加费附加费sub-belowsubnormal.23Prefixes of degree or size prefixes meaningexamplessub-belowsubnormalover-excessiveoverconfidentunder-too littleunderestimatehyper-extremehypercritical 吹毛求疵吹毛求疵ultra-extremeultrafashionablemini-littleminiskirt.24Prefixes of attitude prefixes meaningexamplesco-withcooperatecounter-againstcounterattackanti-againstanti-clockwisepro-forpro-Chinese.25 prefixes meaningexamplessub-undersubwayinter-between,among internationaltrans-across,from one place to anothertransplantfore-frontforenameLocative prefixes.26Prefixes of time and order prefixes meaningexamplesfore-beforeforeseepre-in advancepreschoolpost-afterpostindustrialex-formerex-presidentre-againresell.27Number prefixes prefixesmeaningexamplessemi-,demi-,hemi-halfsemi-feudal,demi-circle,hemisphereuni-,mono-oneuniform,monologuebi-,di-twobilingual,dioxidetri-threetrianglemulti-poly-manymultipolar,multilingualpolygamy.28Suffix.29Noun suffixes suffixesmeaningexamples-sterperson engaged in an occupation or activitygamester 赌徒赌徒-eermountaineer-er(or)driver-antinhabitant 居民居民-letsmall,unimportantbooklet-ettesmall;imitation;femalecigarette leatherette 人造皮人造皮 usherette 女引座员女引座员-essfemalehostess.30 Noun suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-hoodstatuschildhood-shipconditiondictatorship-domrealmofficialdom-ingstatebathing-fulamounthandful-tionstatecompetition.31Adjective Suffixes suffixesmeaningexamples-fulfull ofhopeful-lesswithoutmeaningless-lyhaving the quality offriendly-likelikechildlike-ysomewhat likesilky.32Adjective Suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-ishsomewhat likefoolish-somecausingtroublesome-ablecapablechangeable-edhavingmoneyed-altypical ofregional.33Adjective Suffixessuffixesmeaningexamples-ary(ory)connected withimaginary-esquelikepicturesque-ousfull ofmalicious-ictypical ofdramatic-ivehaving the quality ofattractive.34Adverb Suffixes suffixesmeaning examples-lyin a mannerattentively-warddirection of movementhomeward-foldtimeshundredfold-wisein the manner ofas far asis concernedclockwiseweatherwise就天气来说就天气来说.35词汇练习.36nIm in a position to think about my future and plan it a little more rather than just waiting for what happens.A.used to B.unwilling to C.able to D.glad to.37nThe Canadian landscape painters style featured brilliant colors and free brushstrokes.A.furthered B.showed C.replaced D.excluded .38 Milton Hershey was a successful entrepreneur whose open-hearted generosity continues to touch the lives of thousands.A.generation B.kindness C.faculty D.readiness .39 Green plants take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in a food-making process called photosynthesis.A.donate B.check C.withhold D.release .40 The discovery of gold fields has long attracted large numbers of prospectors and other people because of the traditionally high value of gold.A.searchers B.inspectors C.protectors D.instructors .41 Even our Mitsubishi four-wheel-drive truck gets altitude sickness once in a while,so we like to give her a rest whenever we can.A.sometimes B.usually C.often D.seldom .42 Working where there is no running water causes a lot of suffering.Fortunately we have a cold spring a short distance from our house.A.Forgivably B.Steadily C.Constantly D.Luckily.43 The research shows that nearly 130 species of birds are vulnerable to the predicted effects of climate change.A.easily attacked by B.skillfully adapted to C.comfortably inclined to D.closely involved in.442024/5/8 周三45.