csm认证考试题.doc

Question #1
窗体顶端
Which of the following best describes a sprint?

A sprint is a condensed amount of time in which a development team works as many hours as they need to in order to finish the work assigned to them.

A sprint is a pre-specified amount of time in which the development team works at a sustainable pace to complete a chosen set of work.

A sprint is a fixed amount of time set aside for a team to run tests and fix any outstanding bugs right before the product ships.

A sprint is a pre-specified period of time during which team members choose individual items from the product backlog to work on. As each item is completed, a new item is brought into the sprint.
窗体底端

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Question #1
Question: Which of the following best describes a sprint?
The correct answer was:

A sprint is a condensed amount of time in which a development team works as many hours as they need to in order to finish the work assigned to them.

A sprint is a pre-specified amount of time in which the development team works at a sustainable pace to complete a chosen set of work.

A sprint is a fixed amount of time set aside for a team to run tests and fix any outstanding bugs right before the product ships.

A sprint is a pre-specified period of time during which team members choose individual items from the product backlog to work on. as each item is completed, a new item is brought into the sprint.
Correct Answer Explanation:
The concepts of sprints, sustainable pace, and a sprint backlog are discussed in the following sources: Scrum Primer, Mountain Goat Software website, and the Scrum Guide.

"One of the principles of agile development is “sustainable pace,” and only by working regular hours at a reasonable level can teams continue (running sprints) indefinitely." Scrum Primer

"Scrum projects make progress in a series of sprints, which are timeboxed iterations no more than a month long. At the start of a sprint, team members commit to delivering some number of features that were listed on the project’s product backlog. At the end of the sprint, these features are done--they are coded, tested, and integrated into the evolving product or system. At the end of the sprint a sprint review is conducted during which the team demonstrates the new functionality to the product owner and other interested stakeholders who provide feedback that could influence the next sprint." Mountain Goat Software website.

"A sprint is an iteration. Sprints are time-boxed. ... Sprints occur one after another, with no time in between sprints." Scrum Guide

Question #2
Question: What is the maximum time that Scrum recommends the team spend in the daily scrum (daily standup)?
The correct answer was:

Fifteen minutes

Thirty minutes

One hour

Four hours

As long as it takes
Correct Answer Explanation:
"A daily Scrum meeting is time boxed at fifteen minutes and terminates at the end of fifteen minutes, regardless." Scrum Primer

"This is a short (15 minute) meeting..." Scrum Papers

"...the meeting is restricted to 15 minutes, which, surprisingly is ample time." Do Better Scrum

Question #3
Question: In Scrum, what do we call the individual, detailed pieces of work needed to convert a product backlog item into working software. Hint: They make up the sprint backlog and are often estimated in hours.
The correct answer was:

Tasks

Use cases

Fbis

Stories

Scrum bits
Correct Answer Explanation:
From the Scrum Guide: "Tasks are the detailed pieces of work needed to convert the Product Backlog into working software. ... This task list is called the Sprint Backlog."

Question #4
Question: Which of the following is NOT a typical Scrum artifact?
The correct answer was:

Product backlog

Sprint backlog

Burndown chart

Gantt chart
Correct Answer Explanation:
While there is some debate as to whether there are three or four artifacts, a Gantt chart is not a typical Scrum artifact. The Scrum Primer, MountainGoatS, and Do Better Scrum all include the product backlog, sprint backlog, and burndown charts in their lists of artifacts.

Question #5
Question: Which of the following is NOT a role in Scrum?
The correct answer was:

Team

Scrummaster

Product owner

Project manager
Correct Answer Explanation:
From Do Better Scrum: "The responsibilities of the traditional project manager are divided over the three roles in the Scrum Team:
‣ The Product Owner manages the product (and return on investment)
‣ The ScrumMaster manages the process
‣ The team manages itself."

From MountainGoatS : "One convenient way to think of the interlocking nature of these three roles is as a race car. The team is the car itself, ready to speed along in whatever direction it is pointed. The product owner is the driver, making sure that the car is always going in the right direction. The ScrumMaster is the chief mechanic, keeping the car well-tuned and performing at its best."

Question #6
Question: Which of the following is NOT traditionally one of the Scrum activities?
The correct answer was:

Sprint planning

Sprint review

Sprint retrospective

Daily scrum

Weekly inspection
Correct Answer Explanation:
From Do Better Scrum: "The sprint is the heartbeat of the Scrum cycle. It is bookmarked by sprint planning at
the start and by the sprint review and sprint retrospective at the end. ... Each day during the sprint the team holds a daily scrum meeting."

From MountainGoatS: "The sprint itself is the main activity of a Scrum project. ... The first activity of each sprint is a sprint planning meeting. ... On each day of the sprint, a daily scrum meeting is attended by all team members.... At the end of a sprint, the team conducts a sprint review.... Another activity performed at the end of each sprint is the sprint retrospective."

Question #7
Question: Which of the following responsibilities does NOT fall to the ScrumMaster
The correct answer was:

removing impediments

Facilitating meetings

Reminding the team of the process

Assigning tasks to team members

Pushing back against product owner requests when needed
Correct Answer Explanation:
From MountainGoatS: "The ScrumMaster is the team’s coach and helps team members achieve their highest level of performance. A ScrumMaster differs from a project manager in many key ways, including that the ScrumMaster does not provide day-to-day direction to the team and does not assign tasks to individuals. A good ScrumMaster shelters the team from outside distractions, allowing team members to focus maniacally during the sprint on the goal they have selected." (underline added for emphasis)

From the Scrum Primer: "The ScrumMaster helps the product group learn and apply Scrum to achieve business value. The ScrumMaster does whatever is in their power to help the Team and Product Owner be successful. The ScrumMaster is not the manager of the Team or a project manager; instead, the ScrumMaster serves the Team, protects them from outside interference, and educates and guides the Product Owner and the Team in the skillful use of Scrum."

From Do Better Scrum: "The responsibilities of the ScrumMaster role are:
‣ Empowering and shepherding the team
‣ Removing impediments
‣ Keeping the process moving
‣ Socialising Scrum to the greater organisation
Metaphor: The ScrumMaster is a facilitator, coach, mentor and bulldozer!"

Question #8
Question: Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of the product owner?
The correct answer was:

Prioritizing the product backlog

Keeping the product backlog up to date

Assigning tasks to team members during the sprint

Working with stakeholders to determine product features

Inspecting work at sprint review
Correct Answer Explanation:
From Scrum Primer: "The product owner is responsible for maximizing return on investment (ROI) by identifying product features, translating these into a prioritized list, deciding which should be at the top of the list for the next Sprint, and continually re-prioritizing and refining the list." and "This is a key practice in Scrum: The team decides how much work it will commit to complete, rather than having it assigned to them by the product owner."

From Do Better Scrum: "The responsibilities of the product owner role are:
‣ Working on a shared vision
‣ Gathering requirements
‣ Managing and prioritising the product backlog
‣ Accepting the software at the end of each iteration
‣ Managing the release plan
‣ The profitability of the project (ROI)
Metaphor: The Product Owner is a CEO."

From MountainGoatS: "While the ScrumMaster focuses on helping the team be the best that it can be, the product owner works to direct the team at the right goal. The product owner does this by creating a compelling vision of the product and then conveying that vision to the team through the product backlog."

Question #9
Question: What are the two primary artifacts of a sprint planning meeting?
The correct answer was:

A sprint goal and a sprint backlog

A requirements document and a gantt chart

A requirements document and a test plan

A test plan and a gantt chart
Correct Answer Explanation:
From Do Better Scrum: "An outcome of (sprint planning) is the sprint backlog, or the list of tasks that the team collectively needs to execute in order to turn the items in the selected product backlog into running tested features."

From MountainGoatS: "During this meeting the product owner and team talk about the highest-priority items on the product backlog. Team members figure out how many items they can commit to and then create a sprint backlog, which is a list of the tasks to perform during the sprint."

From Scrum Guide: (During the first half of the sprint planning meeting), a sprint goal is crafted. The sprint goal is an objective that will be met through the implementation of the product backlog."

Question #10
Question: Which of the following are roles in the Scrum framework? (select all that apply)
The correct answer was:

Scrummaster

Product owner

Project owner

Team lead

Team
Correct Answer Explanation:
In Scrum, there are three roles: the product owner, the team, and the ScrumMaster.

Question #11
Question: Which of the following are activities found in the Scrum framework? (select all that apply)
The correct answer was:

Daily scrum or daily standup

Weekly scrum or weekly standup

Sprint planning

Sprint review

Sprint retrospective
Correct Answer Explanation:
From MountainGoatS: "The first activity of each sprint is a sprint planning meeting.... On each day of the sprint, a daily scrum meeting is attended by all team members.... At the end of a sprint, the team conducts a sprint review.... Another activity performed at the end of each sprint is the sprint retrospective.

Question #12
Question: Which of the following are artifacts associated with Scrum? (select all that apply)
The correct answer was:

Product backlog

Sprint backlog

Product specification

Effort chart

Burndown chart
Correct Answer Explanation:
Three of the main artifacts are the product backlog, the sprint backlog, and burndown charts. See Scrum Primer, Do Better Scrum, and MountainGoatS

Question #13
Question: Which of the following best summarizes what it means when Scrum says that a sprint or activity is timeboxed?
The correct answer was:

there is a recommended amount of time for the event.

There is a predefined time limit for the event.

The event must take place by a certain date.

There is not enough time to complete the event.

The time allocated for the event must be extended.
Correct Answer Explanation:
Scrum Primer: "Sprints are timeboxed – they end on a specific date whether the work has been completed or not, and are never extended."

Question #14
Question: A major theme in Scrum is “inspect and adapt.” Which of the following best summarizes that theme?
The correct answer was:

Scrum insists on auditors who frequently inspect the work of the team and suggest ways to adapt the process in order to improve quality.

Scrum recommends that upper management inspect the burndown charts and notes from the daily scrums to find ways in which the team should adapt their practices to be more productive.

Scrum emphasizes taking a short step of development, inspecting both the resulting product and the efficacy of current practices, and then adapting the product goals and process practices.

Inspect and adapt refers to the scrummaster's role in inspecting the work and writing stories designed to help the team produce higher quality software.
Correct Answer Explanation:
"A major theme in Scrum is “inspect and adapt.” Since development inevitably involves learning, innovation, and surprises, Scrum emphasizes taking a short step of development, inspecting both the resulting product and the efficacy of current practices, and then adapting the product goals and process practices. Repeat forever." from Scrum Primer

"There are three points for inspection and adaptation in Scrum. The Daily Scrum meeting is used to inspect progress toward the Sprint goal, and to make adaptations that optimize the value of the next work day. In addition, the Sprint Review and Planning meetings are used to inspect progress toward the Release Goal and to make adaptations that optimize the value of the next Sprint. Finally, the Sprint Retrospective is used to review the past Sprint and determine what adaptations will make the next Sprint more productive, fulfilling, and enjoyable." from the Scrum Guide
Question #15
Question: How does a team know when a backlog item is done?
The correct answer was:

The scrummaster says it is done.

The sprint is over.

The testers say it is done.

It meets the team and product owner's negotiated definition of done.
Correct Answer Explanation:
Do Better Scrum: We must create a definition of done for the team—what does it mean when the team says it has completed a story?

From Scrum Primer: (The ScrumMaster) prevents the team from demonstrating or discussing product backlog items that are not ‘done’ according to the “Definition of Done.” and "The Product Owner and Team ... review the “Definition of Done” (which was established earlier) that all items must meet"

Question #16
Question: Why does Scrum make it difficult for product owners to make changes to a sprint that is underway?
The correct answer was:

Because the team needs to be able to limit the authority of the product owner

Because asking the team to make a real commitment comes with an associated cost of not shifting the bas