中英对照-INSTITUTE-CARGO-CLAUSES(A).doc

INSTITUTE CARGO CLAUSES (A)

RISKS COVERED

1 This insurance covers all risks of loss of or damage to the subject-matter insured except as provided in Clauses 4, 5, 6 and 7 below.
Risks
Clause
2 This insurance covers general average and salvage charges, adjusted or determined according to the contract of affreightment and/or the governing law and practice, incurred to avoid or in connection with the avoidance of loss from any cause except those excluded in Clauses 4, 5, 6 and 7 or elsewhere in this insurance.
General Average Clause
3 This insurance is extended to indemnify the Assured against such proportion of liability under the contract of affreightment "Both to Blame Collision" Clause as is in respect of a loss recoverable hereunder. In the event of any claim by shipowners under the said Clause the Assured agree to notify the Underwriters, who shall have the right, at their own cost and expense, to defend the Assured against such claim.
"Both to Blame Collision" Clause
EXCLUSIONS

4 In no case shall this insurance cover
General
Exclusions Clause
4.1 loss damage or expense attributable to wilful misconduct of the Assured
4.2 ordinary leakage, ordinary loss in weight or volume, or ordinary wear and tear of the subject-matter insured

4.3 loss damage or expense caused by insufficiency or unsuitability of packing or preparation of the subject-matter insured (for the purpose of this Clause 4.3 "packing" shall be deemed to include stowage in a container or liftvan but only when such stowage is carried out prior to attachment of this insurance or by the Assured or their servants)

4.4 loss damage or expense caused by inherent vice or nature of the subject-matter insured

4.5 loss damage or expense proximately caused by delay, even though the delay be caused by a risk insured against (except expenses payable under Clause 2 above)

4.6 loss damage or expense arising from insolvency or financial default of the owners managers charterers or operators of the vessel

4.7 loss damage or expense arising from the use of any weapon of war employing atomic or nuclear fission and/or fusion or other like reaction or radioactive force or matter.

5 5.1 In no case shall this insurance cover loss damage or expense arising from
Unseaworthiness and Unfitness
Exclusion Clause
unseaworthiness of vessel or craft,
unfitness of vessel craft conveyance container or liftvan for the safe carriage of the subject-matter insured,
where the Assured or their servants are privy to such unseaworthiness or unfitness, at the time the subject-matter insured is loaded therein.

5.2 The Underwriters waive any breach of the implied warranties of seaworthiness of the ship and fitness of the ship to carry the subject-matter insured to destination, unless the Assured or their servants are privy to such unseaworthiness or unfitness.

6 In no case shall this insurance cover loss damage or expense caused by
War Exclusion
Clause
6.1 war civil war revolution rebellion insurrection, or civil strife arising therefrom, or any hostile act by or against a belligerent power
6.2 capture seizure arrest restraint or detainment (piracy excepted), and the consequences thereof or any attempt thereat

6.3 derelict mines torpedoes bombs or other derelict weapons of war

7 In no case shall this insurance cover loss damage or expense
Strikes Exclusion
Clause
7.1 caused by strikers, locked-out workmen, or persons taking part in labour disturbances, riots or civil motions
7.2 resulting from strikes, lock-outs, labour disturbances, riots or civil motions

7.3 caused by any terrorist or any person acting from a political motive.

DURATION

8 8.1 This insurance attaches from the time the goods leave the warehouse or place of storage at the place named herein for the mencement of the transit, continues during the ordinary course of transit and terminates either
Transit Clause

8.1.1 on delivery to the Consignees' or other final warehouse or place of storage at the destination named herein,

8.1.2 on delivery to any other warehouse or place of storage, whether prior to or at the destination named herein, which the Assured elect to use either

8.1.2.1 for storage other than in the ordinary course of transit or

8.1.2.2 for allocation or distribution,

or

8.1.3 on the expiry of 60 days after pletion of discharge overside of the goods hereby insured from the oversea vessel at the final port of discharge,

whichever shall first occur.

8.2 If, after discharge overside from the oversea vessel at the final port of discharge, but prior to termination of this insurance, the goods are to be forwarded to a destination other than that to which they are insured hereunder, this insurance, whilst remaining subject to termination as provided for above, shall not extend beyond the mencement of transit to such other destination.

8.3 This insurance shall remain in force (subject to termination as provided for above and to the provisions of Clause 9 below) during delay beyond the control of the Assured, any deviation, forced discharge, reshipment or transhipment and during any variation of the adventure arising from the exercise of a liberty granted to shipowners or charterers under the contract of affreightment.

9 If owing to circumstances beyond the control of the Assured either the contract of carriage is terminated at a port or place other than the destination named therein or the transit is otherwise terminated before delivery of the goods, as provided for in Clause 8 above, then this insurance shall also terminate unless prompt notice is given to the Underwriters and continuation of cover is requested when the insurance shall remain in force, subject to an additional premium if required by the Underwriters, either
Termination of Contract of Carriage Clause
9.1 until the goods are sold and delivered at such port or place, or, unless otherwise specially agreed, until the expiry of 60 days after arrival of the goods hereby insured at such port or place, whichever shall first occur,

or

9.2 if the goods are forwarded within the said period of 60 days (or any agreed extension thereof) to the destination named herein or to any other destination, until terminated in accordance with the provisions of Clause 8 above.

10 Where, after attachment of this insurance, the destination is changed by the Assured, held covered at a premium and on conditions to be arranged subject to prompt notice being given to the Underwriters.
Change of Voyage Clause
CLAIMS

11 11.1 In order to recover under this insurance the Assured must have an insurable interest in the subject-matter insured at the time of the loss.
Insurable Interest Clause
11.2 Subject to 11.1 above, the Assured shall be entitled to recover for insured loss occurring during the period covered by this insurance, notwithstanding that the loss occurred before the contract of insurance was concluded, unless the Assured were aware of the loss and the Underwriters were not.

12 Where, as a result of the operation of a risk covered by this insurance, the insured transit is terminated at a port or place other than that to which the subject-matter is covered under this insurance, the Underwriters will reimburse the Assured for any extra charges properly and reasonably incurred in unloading storing and forwarding the subject-matter to the destination to which it is insured hereunder.
Forwarding Charges Clause
This Clause 12, which does not apply to general average or salvage charges, shall be subject to the exclusions contained in Clauses 4, 5, 6 and 7 above, and shall not include charges arising from the fault negligence insolvency or financial default of the Assured or their servants.

13 No claim for Constructive Total Loss shall be recoverable hereunder unless the subject-matter insured is reasonably abandoned either on account of its actual total loss appearing to be unavoidable or because the cost of recovering, reconditioning and forwarding the subject-matter to the destination to which it is insured would exceed its value on arrival.
Constructive Total Loss Clause
14 14.1 If any Increased Value insurance is effected by the Assured on the cargo insured herein the agreed value of the cargo shall be deemed to be increased to the total amount insured under this insurance and all Increased Value insurances covering the loss, and liability under this insurance shall be in such proportion as the sum insured herein bears to such total amount insured.
Increased Value Clause
In the event of claim the Assured shall provide the Underwriters with evidence of the amounts insured under all other insurances.

14.2 Where this insurance is on Increased Value the following clause shall apply:

The agreed value of the cargo shall be deemed to be equal to the total amount insured under the primary insurance and all Increased Value insurances covering the loss and effected on the cargo by the Assured, and liability under this insurance shall be in such proportion as the sum insured herein bears to such total amount insured.

In the event of claim the Assured shall provide the Underwriters with evidence of the amounts insured under all other insurances.

BENEFIT OF INSURANCE

15 This insurance shall not inure to the benefit of the carrier or other bailee.
Not to Inure Clause
MINIMISING LOSSES

16 It is the duty of the Assured and their servants and agents in respect of loss recoverable hereunder
Duty of Assured Clause
16.1 to take such measures as may be reasonable for the purpose of averting or minimising such loss,

and

16.2 to ensure that all rights against carriers, bailees or other third parties are properly preserved and exercised

and the Underwriters will, in addition to any loss recoverable hereunder, reimburse the Assured for any charges properly and reasonably incurred in pursuance of these duties.

17 Measures taken by the Assured or the Underwriters with the object of saving, protecting or recovering the subject-matter insured shall not be considered as a waiver or acceptance of abandonment or otherwise prejudice the rights of either party.
Waiver Clause
AVOIDANCE OF DELAY

18 It is a condition of this insurance that the Assured shall act with reasonable despatch in all circumstances within their control.
Reasonable Despatch Clause
LAW AND PRACTICE

19 This insurance is subject to English law and practice.
English Law and Practice Clause
NOTE:- It is necessary for the Assured when they bee aware of an event which is "held covered" under this insurance to give prompt notice to the Underwriters and the right to such cover is dependent upon pliance with this obligation.

参考译文
协会货物保险A条款

承保风险
（风险条款）
1 本保险承保保险标的的损失或损害的一切风险，但不包括下列第4、5、6和7条规定的除外责任。
（共同海损条款）
2 本保险承保根据运输合同、有关法律和惯例理算或确定的共同海损和救助费用，其产生是为了避免任何原因造成的损失或用于避免任何原因造成的损失有关，但此种原因须不是本保险第4、5、6、7条或其他条文除外的危险。
（"双方有责碰撞"条款）
3 本保险扩展赔偿被保险人诸如下文可补偿的损失方面根据运输合同中的"双方有责碰撞"条款的比例责任部分。在船东根据此条款提出索赔的情况下，被保险人同意通知保险人，保险人有权自负费用为被保险人对此种索赔提出答辩。
除外责任
（普通除外条款）
4 本保险绝不承担：
4.1 可归咎于被保险人的蓄意恶行的损失、损害或费用。
4.2 保险标的的通常渗漏、通常重量和体积损失、或通常磨损。
4.3 保险标的的包装或准备不足或不当引起的损失、损害或费用。（在本款意义上，"包装"应视为包括集装箱和托盘内的积载，但仅适用于此种积载是本保险责任开始前进行或是由被保险人或其雇员进行之时）
4.4 保险标的固有缺陷或性质引起的损失、损害和费用
4.5 延迟直接造成的损失、损害和费用，即使该延迟是由承保风险引起的（但根据上述第2条支付的费用除外）
4.6 因船舶的所有人、经营人、承租人或经营人的破产或经济困境产生的损失、损害或费用
4.7 因使用原子或核裂变和/或聚变或其他类似反应或放射性力量或物质所制造的战争武器产生的损失、损害或费用
（不适航和不适运除外条款）
5 5.1 本保险绝不承保损失、损害和费用，如其起因于
5.1.1 船舶或驳船不适航
5.1.2 船舶、驳船、运输工具、集装箱或托盘对保险标的的安全运输不适合，而且在保险标的装于其上时，被保险人或其雇员是对这种不适航或不适运有私谋。
5.2 保险人放弃载运保险标的到目的地港船舶不得违反默示适航或适运保证，除非被保险人或其雇员对此种不适航或不适运有私谋。
（战争除外条款）
6 本保险绝不承保损失、损害和费用，如其起因于
6.1 战争、内战、革命、造反、叛乱或由此引起的内乱或任何交战双方之间的敌对行为
6.2 捕获、扣押、扣留、拘禁、羁押（海盗除外）和这种行为引起的后果或进行这种行为的企图
6.3 被遗弃的水雷、鱼雷、炸弹或其他被遗弃的战争武器。
（罢工除外条款）
7 本保险绝不承保下列损失、损害和费用
7.1 罢工者、被迫停工工人，或参加工潮、暴动或民变的人员造成者
7.2 罢工、停工、工潮、暴动或民变造成者
7.3 恐怖分子或出于政治动机而行为的人员造成者。
保险期间
（运送条款）
8 8.1 本保险责任始于货物运离保险单载明的地点仓库或储存处所开始运送之时，在通常运送过程中连续，终止于
8.1.1 在保险单载明目的地交付到收货人的或其他最后仓库或储存处所。
8.1.2 在保险单载明的目的地或之前交付的任何其他仓库或储存处所，其由被保险人用作
8.1.2.1 通常运送过程以外的存储或
8.1.2.2 分配或分派
8.1.3 或者被保险货物在最后卸货港全部卸离海船满60天，
以上各项以先发生者为准。
8.2 如果在最后卸货港卸离海船后，但在本保险终止之前，货物被发送到非本保险承保的目的地，本保险，在依然受前述规定的终止所制约的同时，截止于开始向此种其他目的地运送之时。
8.3 在被保险人不能控制的延迟、任何绕航、强制卸货、重装或转载期间，以及船东或承租人行使根据运输合同赋予在自由权产生的任何航海上的变更期间，本保险继续有效（但须受上述规定的终止和下述第9条规定的制约）。
（运输合同终止条款）
9 如果由于被保险人不能控制的情况，运输合同在载明的目的地以外的港口或地点终止，或运送在如同上述第8条规定的交付货物前另行终止，那么本保险也终止，但若迅速通知了保险人并在本保险有效时提出继续承保的要求，以受保险人要求的附加保险费的制约为前提，本保险继续有效。
9.1 直至货物在此种港口或地点出售并交付，或者，除非另有特别约定，直至保险货物到达此种港口或地点满60天，两者以先发生者为准，
或者
9.2 如果货物在上述60天（或任何约定的延展期间）内被运往载明的目的地或其他目的地，这是根据上述第8条的规定而终止。
（航程改变条款）
10 如果在保险责任开始后，被保险人改变了目的地，就按有待重新商定的保险费率和条件续保，但已迅速通知了保险人为前提。
索赔
（保险利益条款）
11 11.1 为了根据本保险取得赔偿，被保险人在损失发生时对保险标的须具有保险利益。
11.2 除上述第1款另有规定外，被保险人有权取得本保险承保期间发生的承保损失的赔偿，尽管该损失发生在本保险合同订立之前，除非当时被保险人知道该损失而保险人不知道。
（续运费用条款）
12 由于本保险承保的风险作用的结果，承保保险标的的运送在根据本保险承保目的地以外的港口或地点终止，保险人补偿被保险人卸下、储存和发送保险标的至所承保的目的地而适当和合理遭受的额外费用。
不适用于共同海损和救助费用的本条规定，须受上述第4、5、6和7条包含的除外责任的制约，并且不包括由被保险人或其雇员的过错、疏忽、破产或经济困境而引起的费用。
（推定全损条款）
13. 推定全损索赔不能得到赔偿，除非由于实际全损看来不可避免，或因为恢复、重整和发运保险标的到承保目的地费用超过其抵达时的价值，而导致保险标的被合理放弃。
（增加价值条款）
14 14.1 如果对保险货物由被保险人办理了增加价值保险，货物的保险价值就应视为增加至承保损失的保险和所有增加价值保险的保险金额的总和，本保险的责任按照本保险的保险金额占此种保险金额的总和的比例计算。
索赔时被保险人须向保险人提供所有其他保险的保险金额的证据。
14.2 如果本保险是增加价值保险，应适用下述条款：货物的保险价值应视为等于由被保险人对货物办理的承保损失的原始保险和所有增加价值保险的保险金额的总和，本保险的责任按本保险的保险金额占此种保险金额的总和的比例计算。
索赔时被保险人须向保险人提供其他保险的保险金额的证据。
保险受益
（不适用条款）
15 本保险不使承运人或其他保管人受益。
尽量减少损失
（被保险人的义务条款）
16 对可取得赔偿的损失，被保险人及其雇员和代理人有义务 16.1 采取为避免或尽量减少此种损失可能是合理的措施，并
16.2 保证对承运人、保管人或其他第三方追偿的所有权利被适当保护和行使
而保险人负责在可取得赔偿的损失之外补偿被保险人履行这些义务而适当和合理地招致的任何费用。
（弃权条款）
17 被保险人和保险人采取的旨在拯救、保护和恢复保险标的的措施不得视为放弃或接受委付或在其他方面损害任何一方的权利。
避免延迟
（合理速办条款）
18 本保险的条件之一是被保险人在所有其力所能及的情况下合理迅速的行动。
法律和惯例
（英国法律和惯例条款）
19 本保险受英国法律和惯例调整。
！注意：被保险人在知悉根据本保险"续保"的事件发生时有必要向保险人发出迅速的通知，此种承保的权利取决于履行这项义务。