中学阶段重难点短语复习(7).doc

英语·高考一轮复习
中学阶段重难点短语复习（二）
一. 教学内容：
中学阶段重难点短语复习（二）

二. 重难点短语与例句：
1. benefit（from）受益，得到好处。
I have benefited a lot from extensive reading. 广泛的阅读使我受益匪浅。
This project is of great benefit to everyone. 这项工程对每个人都大有好处。
2. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时；give birth to 出生
I am French by birth and a British subject by marriage. 我按出生是法国人，因结婚而成为英国公民。
The baby weighed seven pounds at birth. 那婴儿出生时重七磅。
On October17, at 9:25 A. M. I gave birth to a beautiful baby girl. 10月17日上午9时25分，我生下一个漂亮的小女孩。
3. blame sb. for sth. 因……责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把……推在某人身上
The driver was not to blame for the accident. 这次事故怪不着司机。=
They couldn’t blame the accident on the driver.
4. on board 到船上，在船上，上火车或飞机
We went on board Athens yesterday morning. 我们昨天早晨登上雅典号。
5. in brief（=in as few words as possible）简言之
In brief, Tom is a lazy boy. 简而言之，汤姆是个懒孩子。
6. on business 出差办事。
I have to go to London on business tomorrow. 明天我要到伦敦去办事。
7. be busy with sth. 忙于某事 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事
He is busy with some important work. 他正忙于处理一些重要的事情。
=He is busy doing some important work.
8. but for（=without）要不是。表示假设
But for your advice, I should have failed. 要不是你的忠告，我会失败的。
But for music（=Were it not for music）, life would be dull. 要不是音乐，人生会很无聊。
9. be capable of 能够，有能力 be capable of being +过去分词：是能够被……的
Salamanders once were thought to be capable of living in fire. 火蜥蜴曾被认为能生活于火中。
10. in any case（=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow）无论如何
In any case he can not give up it. 他无论如何也不会放弃它。
11. in case（=for fear that）万一；in case of（=in the event of）如果发生……万一 in the case of 至于……，就……而言 in no case在任何情况下都不（倒装句放句首）
In case you need something, please don’t hesitate to let me know. 如果你需要什么东西，请别客气，尽管跟我说。
In case of emergency, break the glass and press the button. 遇到紧急情况时，击碎玻璃罩并摁下按钮。
I will reveal your secret in no case. 我决不会泄漏你的秘密。
12. be cautious of 谨防
She is cautious of telling secrets. 她很谨慎，不会泄露秘密。
13. center one’s attention on（=focus one’s attention on）把某人的注意力集中在……上
You should focus your attention on your work. 你应该把注意力放到工作上。
14. in charge of（=responsible for）负责（某事）
in the charge of …由……管
take charge of（=to be or become responsible for）负责管理（照顾）
Mr. Zhang was in charge of the shop while the manager was away. 经理不在时，张先生负责这个商店. =The shop was in the charge of Mr. Zhang while the manager was away.
15. charge…for 因……索取（费用），charge sb. with sth. 控告某人犯有……
As long as you’ve paid in advance we won’t charge you for delivery. 只要你预先付款，我们就不收你送货费。
Bill was charged with murderer. 比尔被指控谋杀。
16. round the clock（=all day and all night, usually without stopping）昼夜不停地
Surgeons are working round the clock to save his life. 外科医生们正在日夜工作以抢救他的生命。

17. comment on 评论
Downing Street has so far refused to comment on these reports. 英国政府对这些报道迄今不予置评。
18. commit oneself to 使自己承担…… commit sb. to prison把某人送进监狱；commit one’s idea to writing 把某人的想法写下来；commit a matter to a committee 把某事交给委员会讨论
She committed herself to science. 她专心从事科学事业。
19. in common（和……）有共同之处，共用。 be common to sb. 是与某人所共有的
The two sisters have nothing in common. 两姐妹没有什么共同之处。
In this situation it is common to say that nothing can be done until law and order is restored. 一般来说在这种形势下，不恢复法律和秩序是什么也干不了的。
20. keep company with（=be friendly and go out together）和……要好。
He who keeps company with a wolf will learn to howl. [谚]跟狼在一起，就会学狼叫；近墨者黑。
21. compare…with … 把……与……比较 compare…to… 把……比作……
I compared the copy with the original, but there was not much difference. 我比较了复印件和原件，但是差别不是很大。
Life is poetically compared to the morning dew. 在诗歌中，人生被比喻为朝露。
22. by comparison 比较起来in comparison with（=in contrast to）和……比起来
We can only tell good from bad by comparison. 我们可以通过比较来分辨好坏。
23. complain of（or about）抱怨；诉苦；控告；complain about 抱怨某人或事情；complain to sb. about sth. （or sb. ）向某人抱怨……
I have nothing to complain of. 我没有任何不满。
You’ve got nothing to complain about. 你没什么可抱怨的。
24. concentrate on（or upon）集中，专心
I can’t concentrate on my work when I’m tired. 我累了就无法集中精力工作。
25. in conclusion（=as the last thing）最后一点；at the conclusion of 当……结束时；
In conclusion, I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying here. 最后我想要说我在这里过得有多愉快。
26. condemn sb. to 判决
The criminal was condemned to death. 这个罪犯被判死刑。
27. on condition that（=if）以……为条件，假如
I’ll come on condition that John is invited too. 如果约翰也受到邀请，我就来。
28. in that = because 因为；now that = since 既然
He didn’t attend the negotiation in that he was ill. 他因为有病，没有参加谈判。
Now that you are a college student, you should learn to be independent of your parents’ help. 既然你已是个大学生了，就应当学着独立，不靠父母的帮助。
29. in / out of condition（=thoroughly healthy or fit / not fit）健康状况好/不好。
in good（bad）condition处于良好（坏）状态
Do more exercises or you will be out of condition. 多锻炼否则你会身体不好的。
I don’t care about the price, so long as the car is in good condition. 我不计较价钱，只要车很好用就行了。
30. in confidence 推心置腹地；with confidence 满怀信心地；
have confidence in 对……有信心
told you that in confidence so why did you tell Jean about it? 我是私下告诉你的，你怎么又告诉了简呢？
He answered the questions with confidence. 他很有把握地回答了那个问题。
You should have confidence in yourself. = You should believe in yourself.
31. confine…to… 把……限制在某范围内
I am sick, I have to confine to bed. 我病了，我得卧床休息。
32. conform to（=be in agreement with, comply with）符合，遵照，遵守；（1）obey服从；（2）observe；（3）comply with照……办；（4）keep to遵循；（5）abide by服从；（6）stick to按……做
A citizen is expected to conform to the law of his country. 一个好公民应当遵守他国家的法律。
They keep to the custom of having their marriages only in May. 他们固守传统，只在五月举行婚礼。
33. be confronted with（=be brought face to face with）面对，面临
The new system will be confronted with great difficulties at the start. 这种新的制度一开始将会面临很大困难。
34. congratulate sb. on 祝贺
We congratulated him on his birthday. 我们向他庆祝生日。
35. in consequence（=as a result）结果
36. in consequence of（=as a consequence of）由于……的结果
He studied hard, and in consequence he passed the exam. 他努力学习，因此通过了考试。
In consequence of having to use after-burners more fuel is consumed. 由于必须使用加力燃烧室，消耗了较多的燃料。
37. under consideration 在考虑中
in consideration of（=in return for, on account of, because of ）由于
The question is now under consideration. 这个问题正在考虑之中。
In consideration of the extra work Tom had done, his boss gave him an extra week’s pay. 由于汤姆做了额外的工作，老板多付给他一周的薪水。
38. take…into consideration（=take account of, take…into account）考虑到，把……考虑进去
I always take fuel consumption into consideration when buying a car. 我买汽车时总要把燃油消耗量考虑在内。
39. consist of（=be composed of）由……组成的。
consist in主要在于。 consist with符合，与……一致
A week consist of seven days. 一星期由七天组成。
The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity. 该计划的妙处在于简洁明了。
Health do not consist with intemperance. 健康不放纵，放纵不健康。

【模拟试题】
常考的动词短语专项练习：选择最佳选项
1. It was foolish of him to ______ his notes during that important test, and as a result, he got punished.
A. stick to B. refer to C. keep to D. point to
2. The sports meet will be____ next week because of the bad weather.
A. put off B. put away C. put up D. put down
3. This book _______ and tell me what you think of it.
A. look through B. look on C. look into D. look up
4. After all the students had taken their seats, the teacher _______the examination paper.
A. handed in B. handed on C. handed out D. handed over
5. I really don’t want to go to the party, but I don’t see how I can _______ it.
A. get back from B. get off C. get away D. get out of
6. Readers can_______ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.
A. get over B. get in C. get along D. get through
7. I can hardly hear the radio. would you please _____?
A. turn it on B. turn it down C. turn it up D. turn it off
8. It is wise to have _______some money for old age.
A. put away B. kept up C. given away D. laid up
9. We are all going to the games. why don’t you come ______
A. up B. across C. along D. to
10. She______ his number in the phone book to make sure that she had got it right.
A. looked up B. looked for C. picked out D. picked up
11. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to_______.
A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out
12. The internet has brought _______ big changes in the way we work.
A. about B. out C. back D. up
13. I don’t ______ rock’n’roll. it’s much too noisy for my taste.
A. go after B. go away with C. go into D. go in for
14. It was not a serious illness, and she soon _______ it.
A. got over B. got on with C. got round D. got out of
15. The forest guards often find campfires that have not been ________ completely.
A. turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over
16. In some western countries, demand for graduates from mba courses has _________.
A. turned down B. turned over C. fallen down D. fallen over
17. you can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _______the books when you’ve finished with them.
A. put on B. put down C. put back D. put off
18. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite ________ as planned.
A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up
19. It is certain that he will ______ his business to his son when he gets old.
A. take over B. think over C. hand over D. go over
20. He accidentally _______ he had quarreled with his wife and that he hadn’t been home for a couple of week.
A. let out B. took care C. made sure D. made out

【试题答案】
1—5　BAACB　 6—10　CCACA
11—15　DADAB 16—20　CCBCA