16QAM-星形和矩形星座图调制解调MATLAB代码.doc

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% 软件无线电课程设计
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% 方形、星形16QAM调制解调仿真
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%%------------------------------------------------------------
%%主程序
clc
clear
%% 定义参数
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%% ------------------------------------------------------------
% 软件无线电课程设计
%
% 方形、星形16QAM调制解调仿真
%
%%------------------------------------------------------------

%%主程序
clc
clear
%% 定义参数
fd=250*10^6; %码元速率250M
fs=2500*10^6; %滤波器采样率
fc=2500*10^6; %载波频率2.5G
f=10000*10^6; %对载波采样
data_len=200000; %数据长度
sym_len=data_len/4; %码元序列长度

M_QAM=16;%QAM数
k=log2(M_QAM);
SNR=1:12;%白噪声信噪比,
%% ---------------------------------
bit_tx=randint(1,data_len);%产生随机序列
echo off;
rec_qam16=QamMod(bit_tx,16); %方形16QAM调制
star_qam16=SrarQamMod(bit_tx); %星形16QAM调制

base_rec=base_shape(fd,fs,f,rec_qam16); %基带成型滤波
base_star=base_shape(fd,fs,f,star_qam16); %基带成型滤波

for i=1:length(SNR) %信噪比从1dB到12dB计算误码率
SNR_=i

%方形映射16QAM
rf_rec_qam16=CarrierMod(fc,f,base_rec); %载波调制
rf_rec_qam16_n=awgn(rf_rec_qam16,SNR(i),'measured'); %加噪声
[rec_qam16_rx base_rec_rx]=CarrierDemod(fd,fs,fc,f,rf_rec_qam16_n); %载波解调
bit_rec_rx=QamDemod(rec_qam16_rx,16); %MQAM解调
[num_qam16,perr_qam16_rec(i)]=biterr(bit_tx,bit_rec_rx);%误码率
qam16_data_rec(i,:)=rec_qam16_rx;

%scatterplot(rec_qam16_rx);

%星形映射16QAM
rf_star_qam16=CarrierMod(fc,f,base_star); %载波调制
rf_star_qam16_n=awgn(rf_star_qam16,SNR(i),'measured'); %加噪声
[star_qam16_rx base_star_rx]=CarrierDemod(fd,fs,fc,f,rf_star_qam16_n); %载波解调
bit_star_rx=StarQamDemod(star_qam16_rx); %MQAM解调
[num_qam16,perr_qam16_star(i)]=biterr(bit_tx,bit_star_rx);%误码率
qam16_data_star(i,:)=star_qam16_rx;
%scatterplot(star_qam16_rx);

end

%% 理论误码率计算
SNRtheo=0:0.1:length(SNR);
for i=1:length(SNRtheo)
SNRdec=10.^(SNRtheo(i)/10);
theo_perr_qam16(i)=(3/8)*erfc(sqrt(SNRdec*2/5));
end
%% 基带波形
N=200;
n=1:N;
t=1:N*10;
%发送端波形
figure;
stem(n,bit_tx(n)); title('发送序列'); %发送序列

figure('Name','发送端基带信号');
subplot(411);
plot(t,real(base_rec(t))); title('方形映射-Q路');
subplot(412);
plot(t,imag(base_rec(t))); title('方形映射-I路');
subplot(413);
plot(t,real(base_star(t))); title('星形映射-Q路');
subplot(414);
plot(t,imag(base_star(t))); title('星形映射-I路');
%接收端波形
figure;
subplot(211);
stem(n,bit_rec_rx(n)); title('方形接收序列');
subplot(212);
stem(n,bit_star_rx(n)); title('星形接收序列');
figure('Name','接收端基带信号');
subplot(411);
plot(t,real(base_rec_rx(t))); title('方形映射-Q路');
subplot(412);
plot(t,imag(base_rec_rx(t))); title('方形映射-I路');
subplot(413);
plot(t,real(base_star_rx(t))); title('星形映射-Q路');
subplot(414);
plot(t,imag(base_star_rx(t))); title('星形映射-I路');

%基带眼图
N1=20000;
Tn=f/fd;
eye_rex=base_rec(1:N1);
eyediagram(eye_rex,Tn*4,Tn); title('方形基带眼图');
eye_star=base_star(1:N1);
eyediagram(eye_star,Tn*4,Tn); title('星形基带眼图');

%% 接收端星座图
%scatterplot(qam16_data_rec(12,:));
figure('Name','方形16QAM接收端星座图');
for i=3:3:12
subplot(2,2,i/3);
plot(real(qam16_data_rec(i,:)),imag(qam16_data_rec(i,:)),'.');
xmax=5;axis([-xmax xmax -xmax xmax])
title(['Snr=',num2str(SNR(i)),' dB']);
end
figure('Name','星形16QAM接收端星座图');
for i=3:3:12
subplot(2,2,i/3);
plot(real(qam16_data_star(i,:)),imag(qam16_data_star(i,:)),'.');
xmax=3;axis([-xmax xmax -xmax xmax])
grid on; title(['Snr=',num2str(SNR(i)),' dB']);
end

%% 功率谱密度
f_plot;
%% 误码率分析
%16QAM误码率曲线
figure('Name','16QAM误码性能对比');
% semilogy(SNRtheo,theo_perr_qam16);
% hold on;
semilogy(SNR,perr_qam16_rec,'*');
hold on;
semilogy(SNR,perr_qam16_star,'o');
xlabel('SNR in dB');
ylabel('Prb of Err');
legend('方形16QAM','星形16QAM');
title('16QAM误码性能对比');

%----------
%% 基带成型
function base_info=base_shape(fd,fs,f,seq_16QAM)
%平方根升余弦滤波器,滚降系数0.5，延迟3个采样点
flt=rcosine(fd,fs,'sqrt',0.5);
%I路和Q路
seq_Q=real(seq_16QAM);
seq_I=imag(seq_16QAM);

%增采样
R=fs/fd;
up_seq_Q=upsampleseq_Q,R);
up_seq_I=upsample(seq_I,R);

%升余弦调制
rcos_Q=conv(up_seq_Q,flt);
rcos_I=conv(up_seq_I,flt);

%提升
rcos_Q_up=interp(rcos_Q,f/fs);
rcos_I_up=interp(rcos_I,f/fs);

base_info=rcos_Q_up+j*rcos_I_up;

%--------------------------------------------------------------------
%% 载波解调
function [data_rx base_rx]=CarrierDemod(fd,fs,fc,f,receive)
%% 分两路乘正交高频载波

rc_length=length(receive);
flt=rcosine(fd,fs,'sqrt',0.5);

t=0:rc_length-1;
rc_Q=receive .* sin(2*pi*fc*t/f);
rc_I=receive .* cos(2*pi*fc*t/f);

%减采样后根升余弦匹配滤波，注意对齐采样点
down_Q=downsample([0 rc_Q],f/fs);
down_I=downsample(rc_I,f/fs);
low_Q_rcos=conv(down_Q,flt);
low_I_rcos=conv(down_I,flt);
base_rx=low_Q_rcos(1:length(low_I_rcos))+j*low_I_rcos;

%两次根升余弦滤波延迟，定位初始信号位置
%delay+1:end-delay-1
R=fs/fd;
delay=3*R*2;
rc_Q_seq=(downsample(low_Q_rcos(delay+1:end-delay-1),R));
rc_I_seq=(downsample(low_I_rcos(delay+1:end-delay-1),R)); %类型转换

data_rx=rc_Q_seq+j*rc_I_seq;

%--------------------------------------------------------------------------
%% 载波调制
function transmit=CarrierMod(fc,f,base)

%载波调制
t=0:length(base)-1;
high_freq_Q=real(base) .* sin(2*pi*fc*t/f);
high_freq_I=imag(base) .* cos(2*pi*fc*t/f);

transmit=high_freq_Q+high_freq_I;

%------------------------------------------------------------------------------
%
% QAM解调程序，将MQAM码元还原为二进制数据
% 入口参数：data_QAM：QAM码元数据
% M_QAM:MQAM中M的大小
% 出口参数：二进制数据比特流
%----------------------
function data_out=QamDemod(data_QAM,M_QAM)

k=log2(M_QAM);%每个M进制码元的bit数
data_len=length(data_QAM);%码元长度
%-------------------------------------------------------------------
%QAM信号放缩至与发送端相同比例
data_temp=data_QAM(find(real(data_QAM>0)));
avermean(real(data_temp));
data_Qam_temp=data_QAM/aver*(2^(k/2-1));
%------------------------------------------------------------------------
%平移到第一象限
data_Qam_temp2=(data_Qam_temp+(2^(k/2)-1)*(1+j))/2;
%----------------------------------------------------------------------
%将实部虚部分别映射为二进制数据
%实部

data_real=round(real(data_Qam_temp2));%实部判决
data_real(find(data_real>(2^(k/2)-1)))=2^(k/2)-1;%大于2^(k/2)-1的数据判定为2^(k/2)-1
data_real(find(data_real<0))=0;%小于0的数据判为0
bit_real=abs(dec2bin(data_real))-'0';
%虚部
data_imag=round(imag(data_Qam_temp2));%虚部判决
data_imag(find(data_imag>(2^(k/2)-1)))=2^(k/2)-1;%大于2^(k/2)-1的数据判定为2^(k/2)-1
data_imag(find(data_imag<0))=0;%小于0的数据判为0
bit_imag=abs(dec2bin(data_imag))-'0';
%------------------------------------------------------------------------
%还原为二进制比特流
bit_rec=[bit_real,bit_imag]';
data_out=reshape(bit_rec,1,data_len*k);

%----------------------
%
% QAM调制程序，实现二进制到MQam调制
% 入口参数：binary：二进制数据
% M_QAM:MQAM中M的大小
% 返回参数：MQAM码元
%------------------------------------------------------------------------
function data_M = QamMod(binary,M_QAM)

k=log2(M_QAM);%每个M进制码元的bit数

data_len=length(binary);%比特长度
binary_rec=reshape(binary,k,data_len/k)';%转化为data_len/k行，k列，的矩阵，以便转化为16进制M进制
%计算实部
data_str1=num2str(binary_rec(:,1:k/2));
data_m_real=bin2dec(data_str1);
%计算虚部
data_str2=num2str(binary_rec(:,k/21:k));
data_m_imag=bin2dec(data_str2);
%实部虚部映射到MQam
data_M=((data_m_real*2-2^(k/2)+1)+j*(data_m_imag*2-2^(k/2)+1)).';

%---------------------------------------------------------------------------------

%% 星形16QAM映射
function data_m16 = SrarQamMod(binary)
%binary=randint(1,100);%产生随机序列
data_len=length(binary);%比特长度
binary_rec=reshape(binary,4,data_len/4)';%转化为data_len/4行，4列，的矩阵，以便转化为16进制
data_str=num2str(binary_rec);
data_dec=bin2dec(data_str);
data_mm16=(floor(data_dec/8)+1).*exp(j*45/180*pi*mod(data_dec,8));
data_m16=reshape(data_mm16,1,data_len/4);

%--------------------
%% 星形16QAM解调
function data_bit = StarQamDemod(qam_rev)
%qam_rev=xing_qam16_noise(1:10);
am=abs(qam_rev);%幅度判定
am(find(am>2))=2;%幅度大于2的判定为2
am(find(am<1.5))=1;%幅度大于2的判定为2

%相位判定
ang=angle(qam_rev)/pi*180;%将-180度到0度变为180度到360度
ang(find(ang<0))=ang(find(ang<0))+360;
ang_n=round(ang/45);
ang_n(find(ang_n>7))=0;
data_dec=8*(round(am)-1)+ang_n;
%data_dec(find(data_dec>15))=15;%大于15的判定为15
%data_dec(find(data_dec<0))=0;%小于0的判定为0
data_bit_rec=dec2bin(data_dec);
data_bit=reshape(data_bit_rec',1,length(qam_rev)*4)-'0';
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%% -----------------------------------------------------
% 软件无线电课程设计
%
% 方形、星形16QAM调制解调仿真
%
%%------------------------------------------------------------
%%主程序
clc
clear
%% 定义参数
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