英国的酒吧文化(中英对照).doc

　当夜幕笼罩这座城市的时候，酒吧在都市美仑美奂的夜色中偷偷展露着她的笑脸，不张扬，不炫耀，在这流光溢彩的世界中显得分外的恬静。放松抑郁的心情，忘却疲惫的身心，在那柔美的灯光、浮动的烟雾、流淌的音乐中感受生活、感受美好吧。
　　在酒吧已经成为时尚生活象征的今天，让我们一起去PUB开心品味各种洋酒，还有那些随酒而来的惬意Chat吧！
　　Chapter 1酒吧文化我知道
　　Chapter 2 酒单大全--好酒任你挑
　　Chapter 3 相识有缘人--酒吧搭讪完全手册
　　Chapter 4 京沪酒吧资讯大公开

　　Chapter 1 酒吧文化我知道

　　什么是PUB？
　　The public house （pub）as we know it today, is really an invention of the 18th century. Before then, there were alehouses that sold beer brewed on the premises often by women, known as alewives or brewsters. More salubrious were inns, much larger establishments, which might offer food, stabling for horses, and a variety of dining and meeting rooms.
　　我们今天所知道的公共酒店(pub)是18世纪的发明，在那之前有卖啤酒的啤酒店，这些啤酒常常是由妇女们在店内酿造的，我们称她们为啤酒店女主人或者酿酒人。更让人觉得身心愉快的地方是那些建得更宽大的酒馆，在那里可以提供食物、马厩和各种类型的餐厅及会议室。
　　The 18th and 19th centuries saw a massive rebuilding of pubs ①in reaction to changing tastes, and the opening of new establishments to meet new demand in industrial and suburban areas. Since the Second World War, a further revolution has taken place as pubs have had to pete with an increasing range of leisure pursuits. Many started selling food, while others became theme pubs in the hope of attracting young people.
　　适应于不断变化的品位和新建筑的开放风格，在18和19世纪大量的酒吧被重建以迎合工业和城镇的新要求。从二战开始，酒吧发生了更大的变革，以便和范围不断扩大的休闲娱乐业竞争。许多酒吧开始卖食物，而另外一些则成为希望吸引年轻人的主题酒吧。

　　Pub Culture of Britain 英国酒吧文化

　　The British pub ②is renowned the world over as a unique social centre, the focus of munity life, an influence on popular culture, a source of history and a tourist attraction.
　　英国酒吧以独特的社交中心、社会生活的焦点、对流行文化的影响、历史资源和旅游吸引力而闻名于世界。
　　"If you haven't been to a pub, you haven't been to Britain." Pub culture is designed to promote sociability in a society known for its reserve. The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely appropriate and rea1ly quite normal behaviour.
　　"你如果没去过酒吧，那就等于没有到过英国。"在因其冷漠保守而出名的英国社会里，酒吧文化的形成是为了促进社会交往。在大不列颠群岛上，把和陌生人友好地交谈看作是完全适宜的正常行为的唯一场所，可能就是吧台了。
　　Pub-goers will indicate in unspoken ways if they are interested in chatting. Concentrate on those who have bought drinks and are still loitering at the bar. Look for people with "open" body language, facing outwards into the room. Those who have moved to sit at tables are probably not seeking pany.
　　上酒吧的人如果有兴趣交谈的话，会用非言语方式表现出来。注意那些已经买了酒可还在吧台前晃荡的人。找那些面朝外对着屋里到处看的、用形体语言表示"可接触"的人。而那些已经离开吧台，找到椅子坐下的人可能只想独酌。
　　If you are haring by British friends or business contracts, one of your hosts will probably buy the first round, but you should be quick to offer the next. The right time to offer to buy a drink is when their glasses are still a quarter full. The line of "③It's my round--What are you having?" is one of the most useful sentences in the English language.
　　你如果和英国朋友在一起或者和英国人洽谈商业合同，接待你的主人中有一位可能买第一轮酒，而你应该很快表示买下一轮的。在对方杯子里的酒还剩下四分之一时，就是你该提出买酒的时候了。"这轮由我买--你喝的是什么？"是英国语言中非常有用的一句话。
　　Most pubs have no waiters--you have to go to the bar to buy drinks. Amazingly for the British, who love queues, there is no formal line-up-the bar staff are skilled at knowing whose turn it is. You are permitted to try to attract attention, but there are rules about how to do this. The key thing is to ④catch the bar worker's eyes. You could also hold an empty glass or some money, but do not wave them about. Do adopt an expectant, hopeful, even slightly anxious facial expression. If you 1ook too contented and placent, the bar staff may assume you are already being served.
　　大多数英国酒吧都没有服务员，你得到吧台去买酒。令人感到惊讶的是，就爱排队的英国人而言，酒吧里居然看不到正式的队伍。而酒保有本领知道该轮到谁了。你可以做些动作引起酒保的注意，但有规可循。关键是要吸引酒保的注意。你可以举起空杯子或钱，但不要摇晃。你脸上可以流露等待、期望，甚至略带焦急的表情。你如果显得太满足和得意的样子，酒保会认为他们已经为你提供服务了。
　　Speaking of tips, you should never offer the bar staff a cash gratuity. The correct behaviour is to offer them a drink. Pubs pride themselves on their egalitarian atmosphere. A tip in cash would be a reminder of their service role, whereas the offer of a drink is a friendly gesture.
　　说到"小费"，你可千万别给酒保现金以表示谢意。正确的做法是请酒保喝一盅。酒吧为自己的平等气氛感到自豪。现金小费会使人想到酒保是伺候人的，而请喝一杯则是友好的表示。

　　关键词

　　brewsters /`br6st9z/ （n.） 酿造者
　　salubrious /s9`l6bri9s/ （adj.）有益（精神）健康的
　　pursuit /p9`sj6t/ (n.) 娱乐
　　loiter /`l4it9(r)/ (v.) 徘徊，闲荡
　　placent /k9m`pleisnt/ (adj.) 得意的
　　egalitarian /i`g2li`te9ri9n/ (adj.) 平等的
　　entice /in`tAis/ （v.）诱惑
　　snack /sn2k/ （n.）小吃，点心
　　prehensive /`k4mpri`hensiv/ （adj.）广泛的，综合的
　　background /`b2kGraund/ （n.）背景
　　China is renowned the world over as an ancient country.
　　中国作为一个古老的国家而闻名于世。
　　③It's my round-What are you having? 这轮由我买--你喝的是什么？
　　"It's my round--What are you having?" is a very useful sentence in a pub.
　　"这轮由我买--你喝的是什么？"是一句在酒吧里非常有用的话。
　　④catch one's eyes 吸引某人的目光
　　The title of news must catch the readers' eyes.
　　新闻标题必须吸引读者的目光。
　　⑤line up 排队
　　You should line up to buy the ticket.
　　你要排队买票。
　　⑥It's really up to you. 由你决定
　　By train or by plane, it's up to you!
　　坐火车还是乘飞机，由你决定！

　就业1

Visitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. But these friendly hostelries can be minefields of potential gaffes for the uninitiated.
访问英国的人会发现传统英国酒吧是最能领略当地文化的地方。但对于初来乍到的异国人来说，这些友善的酒吧却犹如潜藏着有惹事危险的“地雷区”。
An anthropologist and a team of researchers have unveiled some of the arcane rituals of British pubs--starting with the difficulty of getting a drink. Most pubs have no waiters--you have to go to the bar to buy drinks. A group of Italian youths waiting 45 minutes before they realized they would have to fetch their own. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a hidden purpose.
一位人类学家和一组研究人员揭示了某些鲜为人知的英国酒吧文化。人们首先遇到的困难是从买酒开始的。大多数英国酒吧都没有酒保，你得到吧台去买酒。一伙意大利年轻人等了三刻钟才明白他们得自己去买。这听上去似乎让人觉得不方便，可却有它深刻的内涵。
Pub culture is designed to promote sociability in a society known for its reserve. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others waiting to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with strangers is considered entirely appropriate and rea1ly quite normal behaviour. "If you haven't been to a pub, you haven't been to Britain." This tip can be found in a booklet, Passport to the Pub: The Tourists' Guide to Pub Etiquette, a customers' code of conduct for those wanting to sample "a central part of British life and culture". The trouble is that if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group, it is best if only one or two people go to buy the drinks. Nothing irritates the regular customers and bar staff more than a gang of strangers blocking all access to the bar while they chat and dither about what to order.
在因其冷漠而出名的英国社会里，酒吧文化的形成是为了促进社会交往。排队的时候可以和其他等待买酒的人交谈。在英伦诸岛上，和陌生人亲切地交谈被认为是完全适宜的正常行为的唯一场所可能就是吧台了?你如果没去过酒吧，那就等于没有到过英国。"这个忠告可在名为《酒吧护照：旅游者酒吧仪俗指南》的小册子中找到，它对那些想要领略"英国生活和文化核心部分"的人是一种行为准则。问题是如果你不入乡随俗的话，你将一无所获。譬如说，你们若是团体前往，那最好是一个或两个人前去买酒。酒吧常客和酒保最腻味的就是一大伙人一边聊着一边又优柔寡断不知喝什么酒好，把通往吧台的路给堵住。