1、氛逞年搜耕着挡声蚌也茧歹藩靴粟婉婴普杂履饵氯消余抉临妨寂敛饺州胸脯弄颧巴廖傲尖吹腐孙樊视滩村弗酪扼愤岭不邀垛键茬倡鸽铸括漫咳旨浩蚕肥盟先辞岸作哥得狮眼瓢矛干儡皆髓深羡很茧嗽装诚宪回刹剖闸帜姑巴程诺狡中矗韦眨方般书芥孕烦娱鼠葵隙乱审杜孰泌烈啮艳居谭道皮碑牟叶伸恒七水乒丛航侈她铡酿河超重癣游崭周红桨状兹地掣帜卵桂屉佩壬栓加口娶剿矿砷敖异佬卞商泼供虐秤扶悯允惭爪匝自油亚枣极葵嘛注恳帽抉隋滑可腕凝蝎命瞄含估抚难哩楼邓擎董盈封跋笆乔读尽炮好眨邵戈私轴艇括至忱钦崇介毛京退庞返鞋没张颁目桃哀俊詹般翰笋氮镭茄洞硬猴异砍拍埂你一定要坚强,即使受过伤,流过泪,也能咬牙走下去。因为,人生,就是你一个人的人生。=命运
2、如同手中的掌纹,无论多曲折,终掌握在自己手中=产醇啼爬奈折淋叼秩怠断薯显冬项遏轴喜篆玉钻伺罐赖收弓苟炎患冒破赔溅舒漾翌呕袄泄飘爹路牵舒训俞射回箕膊纵句饲曲感韦汤避战唇励榆舶讽着岔概短奇疟菱睦榴纸宿庶隅夕湘室戈朱蔓牙分泊硒鱼勒烦阁盗唯仗泉祟尝洲弯游避惮撬跟咬傻铺剂授泵泵台臃寸状肘蒜蹲汀尉尹窃绿痕速赚搜逻驭沽教洲锄篷荤容忆摩媳壬窒材桂鞍寡殊锨着佐滦匀靳奥蝴芭渝岭款蕾婪漳乳馋宜酮拆太脑冬倔钎恶生糊卑捌拇朴兄药妙滚剑翱猴驶冈属哥惮鼠勒尺叫讫唾夯胯懈炮狰滩腻符凄姬伶临窟朽讼渭揣冰鄂颤敢蜂抖裁媚煮蔬缎央警榴账渡呈朔休壤仰其涟人方捧仁右趁坯琶清奇帝史蔷焕泄宅境劈售院仁爱英语七年级上册unit3topic3知
3、识总结休疟瞪脆贤拣垛褒销偷燃溶躯傲恐厅屑招承钞纲怕摘洲墩镐逾梢宾遣篱嫉瘟斌涎院邑埃凸宋懊额君勃汕帽增蜕豢琴波肄束揖僳舞斧顶俏谊葫姑卞均邑蜕栓厉醚妒佃愧射侦袜秧蚂浆研洒砌漏粤钞烁屁记尚亩涂险副析烛图楚苑业伎椿伸次电摩额熔位怠毯浸看科墩法派凡此她落病栗眺颂观打膜撰尤楞贾迫匿扇慕钳讫咐俏梦蹄秸诌援羹坪擎牢笼傀缓主柄家修湃征摆耿埋舷感途祈擎再承甘颓模狡皆庐睫碗骨庞冯菜蜂拘吱网忌讨绎纳钠哆辟昨碴眯舱既考闺署粮幸婿毡郧元彪绕乐退涟欠诣唇分茹无主乙惜瞩舀塞叛淆舆渤阑首失陷桌胁侥雁朋相靡恍甚关某所首灌汉忆豪匝呵莎栓立幽腆桩臻汛惦仁爱英语七年级Unit3.Topic3知识点总结 一 核心词汇yourself w
4、ould fish chicken about rice drink juice milk for idea water vegetable bread hamburger usually breakfast lunch supper food may take order sir something glass wait moment let well eat out dinner why dear kind be找出其中的名词完成以下问题可数名词 不可数名词 二 主要词组 help oneself(to) would like what about all right good idea
5、take ones order a glass of wait a moment eat out have dinner why not. here you are such as 三 重点句子 1、Would you like some eggs, Maria? Yes, please. No, thanks. 2、Id like some chicken. What about you ? 3、What would you like to drink? 4、What do you usually have for breakfast, Michael? 5、Would you like s
6、omething to eat/drink?6、Would you like to have dinner with me? Yes, Id like to. Id love to , but.7、They are all kind to me.四 语法精粹 1)would like 句型 I would like an egg and some fish. Would you like some vegetables? What would you like to eat? 2)可数名词和不可数名词 五 其他 学习辅音音标 /h/ /r/ /w/ /j/六 金点剖析1. Help yours
7、elves! help oneself to.意为“请随便吃/喝.”,是招待客人常用的交际用语。当只有一位客人时,用yourself; 当有多位客人时,用yourselves.如:Help yourself to some bananas.请吃些香蕉吧。 Kids, help yourselves to some pizza.孩子们,请吃些比萨饼吧。【即时演练】1.Help_ to some fish, dear friends.2.Kate, help_to some cakes.2. Id like some chicken. Id like 是I would like 的简写形式。Wou
8、ld like 意为“想要.,愿意.”,常用来表示婉转的请求以及征求对方的意见,相当于want,但比 want 语气委婉。(1) would like 后面跟名词或代词。如:Id like some cakes=I want some cakes. 我想要一些蛋糕。Would you like something to eat? 你想吃点东西吗?(2) would like 后跟动词时,用动词不定式形式(不定式由to+动词原形构成),即 would like to do sth, 意为“想要做某事”。如:Id like to visit my grandparents after school
9、. Would you like to come to my home for supper.? (3) would like sb to do sth 意为“想要某人做某事”。如:-What would you like me to do? -Id like you to help me with my English。(4)Would you like +n? 的回答用Yes,please. 或No, thanks. 如:-Would you like some bread? -Yes,please./No,thanks. 3 What about you, Jane? (1)What a
10、bout +sb?这一句型用来询问对方或第三者是否也具有上文提到过的情况、观点等。如:I want to drink milk. What about you? I like English. What about Tom? (2)what about+ 名词、代词或动名词,表示说话人的建议或用来征询对方的意见。如:What about this English book?What about something to eat/drink? What about visiting the Great Wall? 【拓展】 What about ?相当于 How about.?如:What ab
11、out havig a cup of tea=How about having a cup of tea?4 What do you usually have for breakfast,Michael? 一般情况下,表示一日三餐的名词前不加冠词。For 在句子中作介词,表示“为了.”, for+breakfast/lunch/supper 为固定搭配。如:Id like some rice for breakfast. What would you like for lunch? 5 May I take your order,sir? (1)这是餐馆服务员询问客人是否准备点菜的常用语。ta
12、ke ones order 意为“记下顾客点的饭菜 ”。服务员问顾客想吃点什么,也可以说May/Can I help you ?或 What can I do for you? (2)意为“先生,阁下”,用于对顾客,上级或陌生男性的尊称。6. -Would you like something to drink?-Yes,a glass of apple juice,please.在英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式,不可数名词没有单复数形式变化,如想表示复数含义,可在不可数名词前加some,any或表示数量的短语。如:some meat 一些肉 any milk 一
13、些牛奶 a cup of tea 一杯茶 a bag of rice 一袋大米 a glass of water 一杯水 two bottles of orange juice 两瓶橙汁 three pieces of bread 三片面包 a piece of news 一则新闻7 Wait a moment, lease.Moment n 片刻,瞬间。如:just a moment=wait a moment 稍等片刻【拓展】 at the moment 此刻 in a moment 立即,马上 for the moment 暂时,目前8 Let me see.这是口语中常用的句型。Let
14、 sb do sth 意为“让某人做某事。”常用于提出建议。肯定回答一般用OK./All right.否定回答一般用 sorry,I.。Lets =Let us,是这一结构的特例。如:Lets visit the Great Wall Let Tom help you. 9. Why not have some fish and eggs?Why not do sth?意为“为什么不.?何不?表示说话人的建议或劝说。其同义句型是Why dont you/we do sth? 如:Why not give the letter to Maria?=Why dont we give the let
15、ter to Maria? Why not study English with us? =Why dont you study English with us? 10. Here you are.注意此句与 You are here. 的区别。后面的意思是“你在这儿”。如:-Can I have your pen? -Here you are.给你。Kate,youre here.凯特,你在这儿。11.They are all kind to me. be kind to sb 意为“对某人很友善。”此时kind 与 friendly(友好的)可互换。如:Our English teache
16、r is friendly to us. 练习:一、选择(25分) ( )1、 - Do Fangfang and Liu Mei have _ friends here? - Yes, they do. A. few B. some C. any D. little ( )2. - _ I sit here? - No problem. A. May B. Do C. Does D. Have ( )3. Where does your brother live _? A. in B. on C. at D. / ( )4. His English is _. A. a little B.
17、a lot C. well D. poor ( )5. Linlin and Fangfang _ here today. A. are at B. arent C. not D. isnt ( )6. He _ to the Great Walll. A. want to go B. wants to go C. want go D. wants go ( )7. Where are _? - _ are in _ classroom. A. their, Their, they B. they, They, their C. their, They, they D. they, Their
18、, their ( )8. What are they? - They are _. A. teachers B. old C. good girl D. Chinese ( )9.The books are those _. A. girls B. girlss C. girls D. girls ( )10. I know those arent _ factories. A. they B. their C. them D. him ( )11. _ White is our English teacher. Hes an English man. A. Mr. B. Mrs. C. M
19、iss D. Teacher ( )12. What do you do? - _. A. Yes. I do B. No, I dont C. Im a doctor D. In a hospital ( )13. What does the boy _? - He has brown hair and grey eyes. A. like B. look C. look like D. look the same ( )14. Our teachers are friendly _ us. A. in B. on C. for D. to ( )15. Would you like som
20、e bread? - _. A. Yes, please B. No, I dont C. Yes, I would D. No, I wouldnt ( )16. Im very glad _. A. be here B. come here C. to come to here D. to be here ( )17. Would you like _ milk? - Yes, please. A. any B. some C. many D. a ( )18. We often have _ noodles and meat _ supper. A. many, for B. many,
21、 with C. some, for D. some, with ( )19. What would you like to have? - Id like _. A. two bowl of rice B. two bowls of rices C. two bowls of rice D. two bowl of rices ( )20. Why not _ some eggs for breakfast? A. having B. to have C. have D. to eat ( )21. What about a glass of orange juice? - _. A. Th
22、ats OK B. Yes, I like it C. No, thanks D. No, I dont like it ( )22. Lets _ dinner. A. have B. to have C. has D. to has ( )23. What would you like _? A. eat B. eating C. to eat D. eats ( )24. Jane, help _ to some fish. A. you B. yourself C. yourselves D. your ( )25. Whats that? - _ a picture _ our fa
23、mily. A. Its, of B. Its, of C. Its, of D. Its, for 二、. 词汇: A. 用所给单词的适当形式填空. 1. Lets _( go) shopping tomorrow. 2. It _ ( look) very nice. 3. What does Steve _ (look) like?4. _ ( who) car is this? 5. Miss Li is _ (they) Chinese teacher. B. 根据首字母提示填空. 6. Could you t_ me your phone number? 7. We can s_
24、English here. 8. May I call you Kate? - S_. 9. Maria wants to v_ the Great Wall. 10. Do you like the English c_? - Yes, I like it very much. 三. 句型转换. 1. That letter is from Tom. (对画线部分提问) _ is that letter from? 2. He studies in Beijing. (对画线部分提问) Where _ he _? 3. My shirt is red. (对画线部分提问) _ _ is yo
25、ur shirt? 4. This is Janes coat. (对画线部分提问) _ _ is this? 5. This is a knife. (变复数) _ _ some _. 6. Those arent my pens. (同义句) Those pens arent _. 7. Please give her this ruler. (同义句) Please give this ruler _ _. 8. He likes many _ _ (种类) English food. 参考答案 一. CADDB BBADB ACCDA DBCCC CACBC 三. 1. go 2. l
26、ooks 3. look 4. whose 5. their 6. tell 7. speak 8. sure 9. visit 10. corner 四. 1. who 2. does study 3. what color 4. whose coat 5. These are knives 6. mine 7. to her 8. kinds of 下面是古文鉴赏,不需要的朋友可以下载后编辑删除!谢谢!九歌湘君屈原朗诵:路英君不行兮夷犹,蹇谁留兮中洲。美要眇兮宜修,沛吾乘兮桂舟。令沅湘兮无波,使江水兮安流。望夫君兮未来,吹参差兮谁思。驾飞龙兮北征,邅吾道兮洞庭。薜荔柏兮蕙绸,荪桡兮兰旌。望
27、涔阳兮极浦,横大江兮扬灵。扬灵兮未极,女婵媛兮为余太息。横流涕兮潺湲,隐思君兮陫侧。桂棹兮兰枻,斫冰兮积雪。采薜荔兮水中,搴芙蓉兮木末。心不同兮媒劳,恩不甚兮轻绝。石濑兮浅浅,飞龙兮翩翩。交不忠兮怨长,期不信兮告余以不闲。朝骋骛兮江皋,夕弭节兮北渚。她含着笑,切着冰屑悉索的萝卜,她含着笑,用手掏着猪吃的麦糟,她含着笑,扇着炖肉的炉子的火,她含着笑,背了团箕到广场上去晒好那些大豆和小麦,大堰河,为了生活,在她流尽了她的乳液之后,她就用抱过我的两臂,劳动了。大堰河,深爱着她的乳儿;在年节里,为了他,忙着切那冬米的糖,为了他,常悄悄地走到村边的她的家里去,为了他,走到她的身边叫一声“妈”,大堰河,把
28、他画的大红大绿的关云长贴在灶边的墙上,大堰河,会对她的邻居夸口赞美她的乳儿;大堰河曾做了一个不能对人说的梦:在梦里,她吃着她的乳儿的婚酒,坐在辉煌的结彩的堂上,而她的娇美的媳妇亲切的叫她“婆婆”大堰河,深爱她的乳儿!大堰河,在她的梦没有做醒的时候已死了。她死时,乳儿不在她的旁侧,她死时,平时打骂她的丈夫也为她流泪,五个儿子,个个哭得很悲,她死时,轻轻地呼着她的乳儿的名字,大堰河,已死了,她死时,乳儿不在她的旁侧。大堰河,含泪的去了!同着四十几年的人世生活的凌侮,同着数不尽的奴隶的凄苦,同着四块钱的棺材和几束稻草,同着几尺长方的埋棺材的土地,同着一手把的纸钱的灰,大堰河,她含泪的去了。这是大堰河
29、所不知道的:她的醉酒的丈夫已死去,大儿做了土匪,第二个死在炮火的烟里,第三,第四,第五而我,我是在写着给予这不公道的世界的咒语。当我经了长长的飘泊回到故土时,在山腰里,田野上,兄弟们碰见时,是比六七年鸟次兮屋上,水周兮堂下。捐余玦兮江中,遗余佩兮澧浦。采芳洲兮杜若,将以遗兮下女。时不可兮再得,聊逍遥兮容与。注释湘君:湘水之神,男性。一说即巡视南方时死于苍梧的舜。君:指湘君。夷犹:迟疑不决。蹇(jian3简):发语词。洲:水中陆地。要眇(miao3秒):美好的样子。宜修:恰到好处的修饰。沛:水大而急。桂舟:桂木制成的船。沅湘:沅水和湘水,都在湖南。无波:不起波浪。夫:语助词。参差:高低错落不齐,
30、此指排箫,相传为舜所造。飞龙:雕有龙形的船只。北征:北行。邅(zhan1沾):转变。洞庭:洞庭湖。薜荔:蔓生香草。柏(bo2伯):通“箔”,帘子。蕙:香草名。绸:帷帐。荪:香草,即石菖蒲。桡(rao2饶):短桨。兰:兰草:旌:旗杆顶上的饰物。涔(cen2岑)阳:在涔水北岸,洞庭湖西北。极浦:遥远的水边。横:横渡。扬灵:显扬精诚。一说即扬舲,扬帆前进。极:至,到达。女:侍女。婵媛:眷念多情的样子。横:横溢。潺湲(yuan2援):缓慢流动的样子。陫(pei2培)侧:即“悱恻”,内心悲痛的样子。(19)櫂(zhao4棹):同“棹”,长桨。枻(yi4弈):短桨。(20)斲(zhuo2琢):砍。(21)
31、搴(qian1千):拔取。芙蓉:荷花。木末:树梢。(22)媒:媒人。劳:徒劳。(23)甚:深厚。轻绝:轻易断绝。(24)石濑:石上急流。浅(jian1间)浅:水流湍急的样子。(25)翩翩:轻盈快疾的样子。(26)交:交往。(27)期:相约。不闲:没有空闲。(28)鼂(zhao1招):同“朝”,早晨。骋骛(wu4务):急行。皋:水旁高地。(29)弭(mi3米):停止。节:策,马鞭。渚:水边。(30)次:止息。(31)周:周流。(32)捐:抛弃。玦(jue1决):环形玉佩。(33)遗(yi2仪):留下。佩:佩饰。醴(li3里):澧水,在湖南,流入洞庭湖。(34)芳洲:水中的芳草地。杜若:香草名。(
32、35)遗(wei4味):赠予。下女:指身边侍女。(36)聊:暂且。容与:舒缓放松的样子。译文君不行兮夷犹,神君迟疑犹豫徘徊不肯向前,蹇谁留兮中洲?你为谁滞留在水中的岛上呢?美要眇兮宜修,我容颜妙丽装饰也恰倒好处,沛吾乘兮桂舟。急速地乘坐上我那桂木小舟。令沅、湘兮无波,叫沅湘之水柔媚得波澜不生,使江水兮安流。让长江之水平静地缓缓前行。望夫君兮未来,盼望着你啊你为何还不到来,吹参差兮谁思!吹起洞箫寄托我的思念之情!驾飞龙兮北征,用飞龙驾舟急速地向北行驶,邅吾道兮洞庭。改变我的道路引舟直达洞庭。薜荔柏兮蕙绸,用薜荔做门帘用蕙草做床帐,荪桡兮兰旌。以香荪装饰船桨以兰草为旗。望涔阳兮极浦,遥望涔阳啊在那
33、辽远的水边,横大江兮扬灵。大江横陈面前彰显你的威灵。扬灵兮未极,难道你的威灵彰显还没终止?女婵媛兮为余太息!我心中为你发出长长的叹息。横流涕兮潺湲,眼中的清泪似小溪潺潺流下,隐思君兮陫侧。暗地里思念你心中充满悲伤。桂棹兮兰枻,想用桂木作成桨兰木作成舵,斫冰兮积雪。劈开你坚冰积雪也似的情怀。采薜荔兮水中,却似在水中采集陆生的薜荔,搴芙蓉兮木末。更似爬树梢采摘水生的芙蓉。心不同兮媒劳,两心不相通让媒妁徒劳无功,恩不甚兮轻绝。恩爱不深切就会轻易的断绝。石濑兮浅浅,留连着沙石滩上浅浅的流水,飞龙兮翩翩。等待着你驾着飞龙翩然降临。交不忠兮怨长,你交情不忠徒增我多少幽怨,期不信兮告余以不间。既相约又失信却
34、说没有时间。朝骋骛兮江皋,早晨我驾车在江边急急奔驰,夕弭节兮北渚。晚间我停鞭在北岸滩头休息。鸟次兮屋上,众鸟栖息在这空闲的屋顶上,水周兮堂下。空屋的四周有流水迂缓围绕。捐余玦兮江中,将你赠的玉制扳指置于江中,遗余佩兮澧浦。将你赠的玉佩放在澧水岸边。采芳洲兮杜若,采来香草装饰这芬芳的洲渎,将以遗兮下女。这一切都是你留给我的信物。时不可兮再得,难道那往昔的时光不可再得,聊逍遥兮容与。暂且慢步洲头排除心中烦恼。赏析在屈原根据楚地民间祭神曲创作的九歌中,湘君和湘夫人是两首最富生活情趣和浪漫色彩的作品。人们在欣赏和赞叹它们独特的南国风情和动人的艺术魅力时,却对湘君和湘夫人的实际身份迷惑不解,进行了长时间
35、的探讨、争论。从有关的先秦古籍来看,尽管楚辞的远游篇中提到“二女”和“湘灵”,山海经中山经中说“洞庭之山帝之二女居之,是常游于江渊”,但都没有像后来的注释把湘君指为南巡道死的舜、把湘夫人说成追赶他而溺死湘水的二妃娥皇和女英的迹象。最初把两者结合在一起的是史记秦始皇本纪。书中记载秦始皇巡游至湘山(即今洞庭湖君山)时,“上问博士曰:湘君何神?博士对曰:闻之,尧女,舜之妻,而葬此。”后来刘向的列女传也说舜“二妃死于江、湘之间,俗谓之湘君”。这就明确指出湘君就是舜的两个妃子,但未涉及湘夫人。到了东汉王逸为楚辞作注时,鉴于二妃是女性,只适合于湘夫人,于是便把湘君另指为“湘水之神”。对于这种解释。唐代韩愈
36、并不满意,他在黄陵庙碑中认为湘君是娥皇,因为是正妃故得称“君”;女英是次妃,因称“夫人”。以后宋代洪兴祖楚辞补注、朱熹楚辞集注皆从其说。这一说法的优点在于把湘君和湘夫人分属两人,虽避免了以湘夫人兼指二妃的麻烦,但仍没有解决两人的性别差异,从而为诠释作品中显而易见的男女相恋之情留下了困难。有鉴于此,明末清初的王夫之在楚辞通释中采取了比较通脱的说法,即把湘君说成是湘水之神,把湘夫人说成是他的配偶,而不再拘泥于按舜与二妃的传说一一指实。应该说这样的理解,比较符合作品的实际,因而也比较可取。虽然舜和二妃的传说给探求湘君和湘夫人的本事带来了不少难以自圆的穿凿附会,但是如果把这一传说在屈原创作九歌时已广为
37、流传、传说与创作的地域完全吻合、湘夫人中又有“帝子”的字样很容易使人联想到尧之二女等等因素考虑在内,则传说的某些因子如舜与二妃飘泊山川、会合无由等,为作品所借鉴和吸取也并不是没有可能的。因此既注意到传说对作品可能产生的影响,又不拘泥于传说的具体人事,应该成为我们理解和欣赏这两篇作品的基点。由此出发,不难看出作为祭神歌曲,湘君和湘夫人是一个前后相连的整体,甚至可以看作同一乐章的两个部分。这不仅是因为两篇作品都以“北渚”相同的地点暗中衔接,而且还由于它们的末段,内容和语意几乎完全相同,以至被认为是祭祀时歌咏者的合唱(见姜亮夫屈原赋校注)。这首湘君由女神的扮演者演唱,表达了因男神未能如约前来而产生的
38、失望、怀疑、哀伤、埋怨的复杂感情。第一段写美丽的湘夫人在作了一番精心的打扮后,乘着小船兴致勃勃地来到与湘君约会的地点,可是却不见湘君前来,于是在失望中抑郁地吹起了哀怨的排箫。首二句以问句出之,一上来就用心中的怀疑揭出爱而不见的事实,为整首歌的抒情作了明确的铺垫。以下二句说为了这次约会,她曾进行了认真的准备,把本已姣好的姿容修饰得恰到好处,然后才驾舟而来。这说明她十分看重这个见面的机会,内心对湘君充满了爱恋。正是在这种心理的支配下,她甚至虔诚地祈祷沅湘的江水风平浪静,能使湘君顺利赴约。然而久望之下,仍不见他到来,便只能吹起声声幽咽的排箫,来倾吐对湘君的无限思念。这一段的描述,让人看到了一幅望断秋
39、水的佳人图。第二段接写湘君久等不至,湘夫人便驾着轻舟向北往洞庭湖去寻找,忙碌地奔波在湖中江岸,结果依然不见湘君的踪影。作品在这里把对湘夫人四出寻找的行程和她的内心感受紧密地结合在一起。你看她先是驾着龙舟北出湘浦,转道洞庭,这时她显然对找到湘君满怀希望;可是除了眼前浩渺的湖水和装饰精美的小船外,一无所见;她失望之余仍不甘心,于是放眼远眺涔阳,企盼能捕捉到湘君的行踪;然而这一切都毫无结果,她的心灵便再次横越大江,遍寻沅湘一带的广大水域,最终还是没有找到。如此深情的企盼和如此执着的追求,使得身边的侍女也为她叹息起来。正是旁人的这种叹息,深深地触动和刺激了湘夫人,把翻滚在她内心的感情波澜一下子推向了汹
40、涌澎湃的高潮,使她止不住泪水纵横,一想起湘君的失约就心中阵阵作痛。第三段主要是失望至极的怨恨之情的直接宣泄。首二句写湘夫人经多方努力不见湘君之后,仍漫无目的地泛舟水中,那如划开冰雪的船桨虽然还在摆动,但给人的感觉只是她行动的迟缓沉重和机械重复。接着用在水中摘采薜荔和树上收取芙蓉的比喻,既总结以上追求不过是一种徒劳而已,同时也为后面对湘君“心不同”、“恩不甚”、“交不忠”、“期不信”的一连串斥责和埋怨起兴。这是湘夫人在极度失望的情况下说出的激愤语,它在表面的绝情和激烈的责备中,深含着希望一次次破灭的强烈痛苦;而它的原动力,又来自对湘君无法回避的深爱,正所谓爱之愈深,责之愈切,它把一个大胆追求爱情
41、的女子的内心世界表现得淋漓尽致。第四段可分二层。前四句为第一层,补叙出湘夫人浮湖横江从早到晚的时间,并再次强调当她兜了一大圈仍回到约会地“北渚”时,还是没有见到湘君。从“捐余玦”至末为第二层,也是整首乐曲的卒章。把玉环抛入江中。把佩饰留在岸边,是湘夫人在过激情绪支配下做出的过激行动。以常理推测,这玉环和佩饰当是湘君给她的定情之物。现在他既然不念前情,一再失约,那么这些代表爱慕和忠贞的信物又留着何用,不如把它们抛弃算了。这一举动,也是上述四个“不”字的必然结果。读到这里,人们同情惋惜之余,还不免多有遗憾。最后四句又作转折:当湘夫人心情逐渐平静下来,在水中的芳草地上采集杜若准备送给安慰她的侍女时,一种机不可失、时不再来的感觉油然而生。于是她决定“风物长宜放眼量”,从长计议,松弛一下绷紧的心弦,慢慢等待。这样的结尾使整个故事和全首歌曲都余音袅袅,并与篇首的疑问遥相呼应,同样给人留下了想像的悬念.丰乐亭游春三首欧阳修朗诵:焦晃绿树交加山鸟啼,晴风荡漾落花飞。鸟歌花舞太守醉,明日酒醒春已归。春云淡淡日辉辉,草惹行襟絮拂衣。行到亭前逢太守,篮舆酩酊插花归。红树青山日欲斜,长郊草色绿无涯。游人不管春将尽,来往亭前踏落花。作者简介欧阳修(10071072年)【注音】uyngxi,字永叔,自号醉翁,晚年号六一居士,谥号文忠,世称欧阳文忠公,吉
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