初中英语考试中最常见的60个短语.docx

01agree with同意；赞同：I quiteagree withhim on the sports.我非常同意他在运动方面的观点。与相符；与一致：His words do notagree withhis actions.他言行不一致。常用于否定句 (食物等) 适合：Too much meat doesntagree withher.她不宜吃太多肉。02hold on抓着不放；坚持：Sheheld onto me tightly.她紧紧地抓住我。I willhold onto my dream and never give it up.我要坚持自己的梦想，永不放弃。电话用语 别挂断；等一下：Can youhold on? Ill see if the managers in the office.先别挂电话行吗？我去看看经理在不在办公室。03make up不用于进行时 组成；构成：In some languages, 100 wordsmake uphalf of all words used in daily conversations.在一些语言中，100个词就构成了一半的日常会话用语。编写；编造：At your first meeting you shouldmake upa rule book.在第一次会议上，你要编写出一个规章手册。为化妆：Theymade him upas an old man for the last act of the play.在演这出戏的最后一幕时，他们把他打扮成一个老头。04pick up拿起；拾起：The phone rang and Ipicked it up.电话响了，我接了起来。Ipicked upthe rubbish and threw it into the trash can.我把垃圾拾起来，扔进垃圾桶。(车辆等) 中途搭 (人)；中途带 (货)：Ive got topick upmy daughter from school at four oclock.我四点钟得去学校接女儿。营救；救起：Twenty men fell into the water and werepicked upby other boats.二十人落水后，被其他船只救起。(偶然地、无意地) 得到；学会 (语言)；买到：Shepicked upJapanese when she was in Japan. Now she can speak it freely.她在日本时学会了日语，现在她日语讲得很流利。We managed topickupa few bargains in the market.我们从市场上买到了几件便宜货。接收到：We were able topick upthe BBC World Service.我们能收听到英国广播公司的国际广播节目。重提 (话题)；恢复 (健康等)：Hepicks upthis theme again in later chapters of the book.在该书的后几章，他又重回到这个主题上。05take up 开始 (从事)；占用Rogerstook uppainting for a while, but soon lost interest.罗杰斯学了一段时间的绘画，但很快便失去了兴趣。Meetings and phone callstake upa large part of the day.开会和接电话占用了一天中的大部分时间。06turn out制造；生产；培养出：The factoryturns out900 cars a week.这家工厂一周生产九百辆汽车。原来 (是)；证明 (是)；结果 (是)：Unexpectedly the weatherturned outpretty nice that day.出乎意料的是，那天天气特别好。Itturned outthat his brother died of a heart attack.原来他的兄弟死于心脏病。07work out算出；总共达：Im just trying towork outhow much I spend each month.我正在尽力算出我每月的开销。 解决；把弄清楚：Towork outthe difficult maths problem, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.为了解出这道数学难题，我已经请教拉塞尔教授好几次了。 制定 (出)：Trained exercise teachers can help youwork outa training plan and keep you active.训练有素的体育老师能帮你制定一套训练计划，使你保持活力。产生结果；被证明有效：Everythingworked outOK in the end.事情的结果还不错。I want to follow Davids example but it neverworked outfor me.我想效仿大卫的做法，但这对我没有效果。 锻炼；训练：I go to the sports club andwork outonce a week.我一周去一次体育馆锻炼。08get through 到达；通过；打通：Shegot throughthe examination.她通过了考试。Focusing on that goal helps meget throughtough times.专注于那一目标帮我熬过了艰难时期。I tried phoning her office, but I couldntget through.我试过打她办公室电话，但没打通。09make out 勉强看见；听见：I could barelymake outthe stage in the darkness.黑暗中我几乎看不见舞台。I could hear voices but I couldntmake outwhat manage they were saying.我能听到说话的声音，但听不清他们在说什么。 理解；弄清：His writing is so confusing that its difficult tomake outwhat he is trying to express.他的笔迹模糊不清，很难弄清他到底想表达什么。 写出；开列：She wasmaking outa list of people to invite.她正在写一份邀请名单。10put up 举起；抬起；提高： Put upyour hands if you have any questions.如果有问题请举手。 They haveput upthe rent by $200 a month.他们把每月的租金提高了200美元。 公布；张贴 (布告、相片等)：Posters wereput uparound our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.校园中到处张贴着海报，号召我们加入到让地球更环保的行动中去。 建造 (房屋等)；搭建：Theyveput upa lot of high-rise buildings recently.最近他们盖起了很多高楼大厦。 留宿；住宿：I was hoping Kenny could put me up for a few days.我希望肯尼能让我留宿几天。11set down 记下；放下：I dont want toset downa series of facts in a diary as most people do.我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。12turn over翻身；(使) 翻转；翻过 (书页):He did not fall asleep,turning overin bed from time to time.他没睡着，在床上时不时地翻身。Dontturn overthe page yet.先别把这页翻过去。 移交：Heturned overthe work to the secretary.他把工作移交给了秘书。13break down(机器等) 出故障；(身体等) 垮掉；(情感等) 失控： On my way to the station my carbroke down.去车站的路上，我的车坏了。 Her healthbroke downunder the pressure of work.她的身体在工作压力下垮掉了。 Hebroke downas he thought of his failure to sell all his newspapers.想到没卖掉所有的报纸，他禁不住哭了起来。(谈判等) 失败：Talks between the two sides havebroken down.双方的谈判破裂了。 把分若干部分 (以方便做或理解)：Each lesson isbroken downinto several units. 每一课都分成几部分。14look down upon 轻视；看不起：Neverlook downon people less superior than you.不要轻视不如你的人。15look up to 尊敬；仰视：Ilook up tohim because hes a real artist.我尊敬他，因为他是个真正的艺术家。16die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐降低;When the applause haddied down, she began her speech.掌声渐渐消失时，她开始讲话。The wind hasdied downa bit.风小了一点。17get over 越过；克服 ；恢复过来：I dont know how we are going toget overthese difficulties.我不知道我们怎样才能克服这些困难。We are certain that he willget overhis illness.我们相信他一定会战胜疾病。18go by 走过；流逝；过去：Everything will get easier as timegoes by.随着时间的推移，一切都会好起来的。19go over 从一处到 (另一处)；温习：Wewent overto the flower seller and asked her if we could buy a flower.我们到卖花的人身边，问她我们能不能买朵花。Let usgo overyour answer again.让我们再检查一下你的答案。Ive got togo overmy notes for tomorrows exam.我必须复习笔记准备明天的考试。20look into 调查：The police arelooking intothe disappearance of two children.警方正在调查两个孩子失踪的事件。214put down放下：Once I started reading the mystery novel, I just couldntput it down.一旦我开始读那本悬疑小说，就再也放不下了。写下；记下：Pleaseput downyour name and address here.请把您的姓名和地址写在这儿。22run away from 逃走；躲避The thief heard the noise andran awayquickly.小偷听到声音，匆忙逃走了。Its irresponsible of you torun away fromdifficulties.见了困难就躲是不负责的。23take in吸入；收留： Treestake incarbon dioxide and give out oxygen.树木吸收二氧化碳释放氧气。 He was homeless, so wetook him in.他无家可归，于是我们收留了他。理解：It was several minutes before I couldtake inwhat he was saying.过了好几分钟，我才理解他说的是什么。欺骗：Shetook me incompletely with her story.她用一番花言巧语完全把我骗住了。24wear out穿破；磨损：Ive alreadyworn outtwo pairs of shoes this year.今年我已经穿破两双鞋了。(使) 疲乏；(使) 耗尽；(使) 厌倦：These birds are in danger ofwearingthemselvesoutby singing too much.这些鸟因过度鸣叫面临着累坏自己的危险。25break up(使) 破碎：The water was covered with ice, which couldsometimesbreak upwithout warning.水面上覆盖着冰，这些冰有时会突然破碎。 (使) (关系等) 破裂：Im surprised to hear that Sue and Paul havebroken up.听到苏和保罗分手了我很惊讶。They decided tobreak uptheir partnership.他们决定结束合作关系。 分解；分拆：breakthe companyupinto several smaller ones把公司分拆成几家小公司 驱散；解散：The police came running andbroke upthe crowd.警察跑过来把人群驱散了。26bring about 引起；造成：Science hasbrought aboutmany changes in our lives.科学给我们的生活带来了诸多变化。27bring up常用于被动语态 抚养；养育；教养：His father died when he was young, and he wasbrought upby his mother.在他年幼时父亲就去世了，他是由母亲抚养长大的。提出 (讨论等)：Every time Ibringthe matterup, he changes the subject.每当我提起这件事，他就会转移话题。28build upHe hasbuilt (up)his business over the years.这些年来他逐步建立起了自己的生意。Outdoor activities are really helpful inbuilding upmy body and enriching my school life.户外活动确实对我增强体质和丰富学校生活有益。29carry out 实行；执行：I had some difficulty incarrying outthe plan.实施这个计划我有些困难。They justcarried outthe order as told.他们只是按命令行事。30come across偶然遇到；碰见：When reading articles related to science, we oftencome acrossdifficult or unfamiliar words.读与科学相关的文章时，我们常常碰到难词或生词。被理解：He spoke for a long time, but his meaning did notcome across.他讲了很久，但还是没有把意思讲明白。31come up with 想出；提出；提供：Our classcame up withthe idea to make better use of used materials.我们班的同学提出了这一想法，以更好利用废旧材料。They want to buy the house, but they couldntcome up withthe cash.他们想买房，但是拿不出这笔现金。32figure out 弄清楚；弄明白；计算出：I couldntfigure outwhat I had done to annoy my boss.我不明白自己做了什么让老板生气。Have youfigured outhow much the trip will cost?旅行要花多少费用你算出来没有？33get down to 开始做；开始认真对待：Its time wegot down tobusiness.我们该开始干正事了。34give away送掉；分发 (奖品等)：The Students Union called on us togive awayour used books to the students in the lower grades.学生会号召我们把用过的书送给低年级的学生。泄露 (秘密)；出卖：I will nevergiveyour secretsawayagain.我绝不会再泄露你的秘密。His accentgiveshimawayas a southerner.他的口音让人听出他是南方人。放弃 (机会等)；输掉：Would theygive awaytheir chance to win the game?他们会放弃赢得比赛的机会吗？Wegave awaytwo goals in the first half.上半场我们输了两个球。35give up 放弃；让：She decided togive upher job and start a coffee bar.她决定辞去工作，开一家咖啡馆。Hegave uphis seat to a pregnant woman.他把座位让给了一位孕妇。36lead to 致使；导致:A lack of confidence canlead toa lot of suffering.缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦。Good habits alwayslead tohigh efficiency, while bad ones bring the opposite.好习惯总是会带来高效率，而坏习惯则相反。37leave out遗漏；不包括：If you study in a systematic way, you wontleaveanythingout.如果你用系统的方法来学习，你就不会遗漏任何东西。 被忽视；觉得被冷落：New fathers often feelleft outwhen baby arrives.有了孩子后，初为人父者往往有一种被冷落的感觉。38live up to 不辜负；符合；履行：He failed tolive up tohis parents expectations.他辜负了父母的期望。39look up 抬头看；查阅：Shelooked upfrom her books as I entered the room.我进入房间时，她从书本上抬起头来看了看。If there are words you do not understand,lookthemupin a dictionary.如果有不懂的单词就查字典。40put away把收起；放好：Kids will youput awayyour toys now?孩子们，现在把玩具收起来好吗？储存备用：Wereputtingsome moneyawayfor expenses.我们省下一笔钱来应付开销。41put forward 把提前；提出：We haveput forwardthe wedding by two weeks.我们把婚礼提前了两周。Whoput forwarda theory about black holes?谁提出了黑洞理论？42put off 延期；推迟：She called this afternoon toput offthe meeting to next week.她下午打电话说把会议推迟到下周。43put up with 忍受；容忍：I cantput up withtheir smoking any longer.我再也无法忍受他们抽烟了。I canput up withmany things, but not with people who steal.我能容忍很多事情，但绝不容忍小偷小摸的人。44run out (of) 用完；耗尽：In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earths natural resourcesrun out.在未来，爱护环境将会很重要，因为地球的资源将濒临枯竭。45set aside 留出；把置于一旁：Set asidesome time each day to write, even if it is only five minutes.每天留出一点儿时间来写作，哪怕只有5分钟。46take on 呈现；雇用；接受 ；承担 ：Shortly after suffering from a large earthquake and being reduced to ruins, the citytook ona new look.在遭受大地震成为废墟后不久，这座城市呈现出新面貌。No more workers are beingtaken onat present.眼下不再招收工人。His secretary will have totake onmost of his work while hes gone.他的秘书得在他不在的时候承担他的大部分工作。47turn down关小；调低 (音量等)：Could you pleaseturn downyour TV a bit?你可以把电视音量关小一点儿吗?拒绝：How could youturn downsuch a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months?你已经好几个月没有工作了，怎么能拒绝这么好的一份工作呢？48turn to 转向；求助于：Their talkturned tothe change that had taken place in the city.他们的话题转到了城市发生的变化。Pleaseturn tothe police for help when you are in trouble.遇到困难时请向警察求助。49turn up开大；调高 (音量等) ：Turn upthe radio so that I can hear the program.把收音机音量开大些，好让我听到这个节目。(人) 到达；出现：He promised that he would come, but he hasntturned upyet.他承诺会来，但还没出现。50bring on使提高；使进步：More study shouldbring onyour English.努力学习会提高你的英语水平。引起；导致：Stress canbring onillness.压力会引起疾病。514call for需要；要求：Sometimes situationscall forus to act strong and brave even when we dont feel that way.有时形势要求我们表现得强大、勇敢，即使我们自己并不觉得是那样。去 (某处) 接人 / 物：Illcall foryou at your home.我会到你家接你。52call up 打电话给；使人想起：Illcall you upwhen I need your help.我需要你帮助的时候会给你打电话。This picturecalled upmemories of our class trip.这张照片使我想起我们班的那次旅行。53come down to 归结为；传到手里：Their quarrelcomes down tomoney.他们吵架说到底是因为钱。The custom hascome down tous from our old generations.这个习俗是从祖辈传下来的。54come off(从) 离开：Peoplecoming offa busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation.人们度过了繁忙的春夏，有了片刻的清闲。脱落；掉下：A button hadcome off.有颗扣子掉了。55come on 快点；进展；算了吧：Come on, we will be late for the theatre .快点吧，我们去戏院要迟到了。56come to sb 被某人想到：The answercame tome in a flash.我突然想到了答案。57get in 进入；到达；插话：A car stopped before him and hegot in.一辆小汽车停在他面前，他上了车。When does the trainget in?火车几点进站？She talks so much that its impossible togeta wordin.她说起话来滔滔不绝，让人一句话都插不进去。58give out 分发；发出 (光、热、信号等)；公布： The teachergave outthe exam papers.老师发了试卷。 That lamp doesntgive outa lot of light.那盏灯亮度不够。 The result of the examination wont begiven out.这次考试成绩将不会被公布。 耗尽；精疲力竭： We must go home. Our money hasgiven out.钱用光了，我们必须回家。 His strengthgave out. 他筋疲力尽了。59go about 从事；忙于；开始做：The villagers weregoing abouttheir business as usual.村民们如往常一样忙着自己的事。If I decided to join the club, how do Igo aboutit?假如我决定加入这个俱乐部，要做些什么呢？60go ahead前进；先走用于祈使句 请吧；说吧：(经过计划或允许后) 开始做：The government is planning togo aheadwith the building next year.政府计划明年着手建造大楼。