牛津译林8AUnit7知识点同步梳理和练习.pdf

牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习1/20牛津译林牛津译林 8A8AUnit7Unit7 同步梳理及练习同步梳理及练习【知识梳理知识梳理】【知识梳理知识梳理 1】Bring me my clothes，Hobo.把我的衣服带来，霍波。bring 和 take 的区别如下：bring ；take 。批注：bring 带来（表示从远处拿到说话的地点来），常与 here，me 搭配；take 带走（表示从说话地点拿到远处去），常与 there，away 搭配。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例 1.Please bring my hat to me tomorrow.明天请把我的帽子带给我。例例 2.Take your raincoat with you.Its going to rain.把你的雨衣带着。天要下雨。【巩固练习巩固练习】用 take 或 bring 填空Will you please_ me my dictionary?I need to use it.Key:bring【知识梳理知识梳理 2】I bet youll look cool and feel cool with nothing on！我打赌你什么也不穿看起来会酷而且会感到凉快！1.feel 在此用作 ，意为“”。知识拓展 feel 也可以用作动词，意为“感觉，觉得；认为，以为；触摸”。批注：feel 在此用作连系动词，意为“感到，觉得”。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.I felt it and it was very hot.我摸了它，它很热。牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习2/20【巩固练习巩固练习】()Cotton(棉花)_soft.A.feels B.listens C.makes D.uses Key:A2.with 的意思是_，其反义词为 。批注：with 意为“具有，带着”，表示伴随着某种状态，其反义词为 without。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.Fish sleep with eyes open.鱼睁着眼睛睡觉。【巩固练习巩固练习】填入适当的介词Recite(背诵)the text_ your book closed.Key:with【知识梳理知识梳理 3】Its the best time to play football outside这是在外面踢足球的最好时间。It is the best time to do sth.的意思为_。It is time to do sth.的意思为“”批注：It is time to do sth.的意思为“该做某事的时候了”。Its the best time to do sth.意为“这是做某事的最好时候”。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.Its the best time to fly kites.这是放风筝的最好时候。巩固练习巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子该是学校出游的最好时间了。Its_ go on a school trip.Key:the best time to 牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习3/20【知识梳理知识梳理 4】be full of 充满，装满be full of 的同义短语是 。批注：be full of 的同义短语是 be filled with。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.The house is full of people.=The house is filled with people.【巩固练习巩固练习】同义句转换The box is full of balls.The box_ _ _balls.Key:is filled with【知识梳理知识梳理 5】far away 远离1.far away 用作 ，away 可以省去，因此，far away ;far away from 。2.far(away)后不接 ；far(away)from 后一定要接 。3.far from 除了表示距离的“远离”之外，还有“”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。批注：1.far away 用作表语或状语，away 可以省去，因此，far awayfar;far away fromfar from。2.far(away)后不接宾语；far(away)from 后一定要接宾语3.far from 除了表示距离的“远离”之外，还有“远远不，完全不，绝非”之意，后接名词、动名词或形容词。【例题精讲例题精讲】牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习4/20例例 1.My home is far/far away.我家离得远。例例 2.His factory is far(away)from our school.他的工厂远离我们学校。例例 3.They do not live far away.他们住得并不远。例例 4.Far from reading his letter，she didnt open it。别说看他的信了，她连信都没打开。例例 5.He is far from(being)rich.他一点也不富有。【巩固练习巩固练习】()My home is_ the company.A.far away B.far away from C.from far away D.farKey:B【知识梳理知识梳理 6】The leaves turn green and the temperature rises quickly.树叶变绿，温度很快上升。1.leaves 的原形有两种：一是动词 (离开)，leaves 为第三人称单数形式；二是 (叶子)，为复数形式。批注：leaves 的原形有两种：一是动词 leave(离开)，leaves 为第三人称单数形式；二是 leaf(叶子)，leaves 为复数形式。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例 1.He often leaves school at 5 in the afternoon.他经常在下午五点离开学校。例例 2.The leaves of the tree began to turn yellow.这棵树上的叶子开始变黄。【巩固练习巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子地上有几片落叶。There are_ on the ground.Key:several fallen leaves2.turn 在此用作连系动词，意为“变得”。牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习5/20知识拓展(1)turn 也可作行为动词，意为“”。常用短语：打开，发动；关掉；调高；调低；掉过头，转过身；变成。(2)become 多指 。提醒 将来“成为”不用 become 而用 be。(3)get 多用于口语，表示一种变化过程，强调的是“渐渐变得”，后常接形容词的比较级形式。(4)turn 指在 。批注：(1)turn 也可作行为动词，意为“转动，使旋转；转弯；翻过来；转向；转变；转动”。常用短语：turn on 打开，发动；turn off 关掉；turn up 调高；turn down 调低；turn around 掉过头，转过身；turn into 变成。(2)become 多指身份、职位等的变化，它强调变化的过程已经完成。后面可接名词或形容词。(4)turn 指在颜色和性质等方面与以前的完全不同，强调变化的结果。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例 1.You cant cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.直到交通灯变绿你才可过马路。例例 2.He becomes a teacher.他成为了一名老师。例例 3.Her mother became angry when she heard the news.当她的妈妈听到这个消息时，她很生气。例例 4.She will be a teacher.她将成为一名老师。例例 5.In winter the days get shorter.冬季白天变得较短。牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习6/20例例 6.The milk has turned bad.牛奶变质了。【巩固练习巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子1.我们的校园变得越来越美。Our school_ more and more beautiful.2.后来，他的脸涨得通红。Later,his face_.Keys:1.is getting 2.turned red 3.rise 与 raise 有何区别？(1)rise 是 ，表示“”，其过去式、过去分词分别为 。(2)raise 是 ，表示“”，其过去式，过去分词分别为 。raise 还有“饲养，供养”的意思。批注：(1)rise 是不及物动词，表示“升起”，其过去式、过去分词分别为 rose，risen。(2)raise 是及物动词，表示“举起”，其过去式，过去分词分别为 raised，raised。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例 1.The sun is rising.太阳在升起。例例 2.Please raise your hand if you have any questions to ask.如果你有问题要问请举手。例例 3.He has to work hard to raise his family.他不得不努力工作来养家糊口。【巩固练习巩固练习】()The house price is_ these days.A.raised B.raising C.rising D.risenKey:C【知识梳理知识梳理 7】Farmers are busy harvesting crops.农民们正忙于收割庄稼。牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习7/20be busy doing sth.的意思是_。批注:be busy doing sth./with sth.的意思为“忙于做某事”。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.He is busy doing his homework.He is busy with his homework.他正忙于做作业。【巩固练习巩固练习】同义句转换The doctor is busy saving the patient.The doctor_ _ _the patient.Key:is busy with【知识梳理知识梳理 8】New Years Day 元旦New Years Day 意为“元旦”。常见的节日有：the Spring Festival 春节 国庆节（10 月 1 日）New Years Day 元旦（1 月 1 日）April Fools Day （4 月 1 日）万圣节（10 月 31 日）圣诞节（12 月 25 日）May Day 劳动节（5 月 1 日）Childrens Day （6 月 1 日）教师节（9 月 10 日）父亲节（每年 6 月的第 3 个星期日）母亲节（每年 5 月的第 2 个星期日）批注：the Spring Festival 春节 National Day 国庆节（10 月 1 日）New Years Day 元旦（1 月 1 日）April Fools Day 愚人节（4 月 1 日）Halloween 万圣节（10 月 31 日）Christmas Day 圣诞节（12 月 25 日）牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习8/20May Day 劳动节（5 月 1 日）Childrens Day 儿童节（6 月 1 日）Teachers Day 教师节（9 月 10 日）Fathers Day 父亲节（每年 6 月的第 3 个星期日）Mothers Day 母亲节（每年 5 月的第 2 个星期日）【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.Happy New Years Day.元旦快乐。【巩固练习巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子在元旦那天你干什么？What do you do_?Key:on New Years Day【知识梳理知识梳理 9】I had a high fever and coughed a lot我发高烧，咳嗽得厉害have a high fever 意为“”。catch(a)fever =have a fever 可与一段时间连用，而 catch(a)fever 和 have got a fever 则不能。批注：have a high fever 意为“发高烧”。catch(a)fever=have a fever=have got a fever【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.-What was wrong with her last night?-She had a high fever last night.【巩固练习巩固练习】根据汉语提示完成句子我发高烧三小时了。I_ for three hours.Key:had a fever【知识梳理知识梳理 10】Sunshine and blue skies will stay with us for the rest of the week.牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习9/20阳光和蓝天将和我们一起度过这周剩余的时间。the rest of 意为“”，该结构在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数形式由 所决定。批注：the rest of 意为“剩余的”该结构在句中作主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数形式由 of 后面的名词所决定。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.The rest of the books are about English.【巩固练习巩固练习】用所给动词的适当形式填空The rest of the milk_(be)bad.Key:is【知识梳理知识梳理 11】There will be a few showers today,but it will be warm,with daytime temperatures around 18 or 19 degrees.今天有几场阵雨，但天气很暖，白天气温大约在 18 到 19 摄氏度。there be 结构的将来时为_。批注：there be 结构的将来时为 there is/are going to be 或 there will be。提醒 不能写成 there is/are going to have 和 there will have 的形式。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例 1.There is going to be a meeting tonight.例例 2.There will be a football match next week.【巩固练习巩固练习】()There is going to_ an English party this week.A.have Bis Care DbeKey:D 牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习10/20【知识梳理知识梳理 12】Hows the weather in Nanjing?南京的天气怎样？How is the weather in Nanjing?其同义句是?批注：How is the weather in Nanjing?其同义句是 Whats the weather like in Nanjing?【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.How is the weather today?=Whats the weather like today?【巩固练习巩固练习】同义句转换Whats the weather like in your hometown?_ _ the weather in your hometown?Key:How is【知识梳理知识梳理 13】We also make snowmen and use carrots for their noses.我们也堆雪人，用胡萝卜做它们的鼻子。usefor的意思为“”，另一种表达方式是 。批注：usefor的意思为“用做”，另一种表达方式是 useto do sth。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例.I use paper for flowers.=I use paper to make flowers.【巩固练习巩固练习】同义句转换I use the knife for meatI_ the knife_ _meat.Key:use,to cut【知识梳理知识梳理 14】They look funny.它们看上去挺滑稽的。fun 和 funny 有何区别？牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习11/20(1)两者在词性上的差别：funny 是 ，意为“”；fun 是 ，意为“”，有时也可用作形容词，意为“”。(2)两者含义上也有差别：funny 表示“”，它指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有趣”，侧重点是让人 觉得好玩或发笑。而 fun 主要指“”，不像 funny 那样强调“滑稽”。批注：(1)两者在词性上的差别：funny 是形容词，意为“有趣的，滑稽的，奇怪的”；fun 是名词，意为“有趣的事”，有时也可用作形容词，意为“快乐的，有趣的”。(2)两者含义上也有差别：funny 表示“有趣的，滑稽的”，它指的是一种滑稽可笑的“有趣”，侧重点是让 人觉得好玩或发笑。而 fun 主要指有趣，好玩”，不像 funny 那样强调“滑稽”。【例题精讲例题精讲】例例 1.What a fun story!例例 2.Its fun to read the book.例例 3.Its funny to see the man walk with his hands and head.【巩固练习巩固练习】()We play cards just for_.A.funny B.fun C.interesting D.excitedKey:B【例题精讲例题精讲】单词拼写1.The sun_(升起)in the east and sets in the west.2.Look!There are hundreds of_(蝴蝶)flying in the garden.3.We usually feel cool and comfortable after a heavy_(阵雨)in summer.牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习12/204.The girl has a bad_(记忆)so she takes a notebook with her to write down what she sees.5.We often help the farmers_(收获)their fields.6.Sugar is an important_(庄稼)in Shandong Province.7.There are lots of trees and flowers along the_(溪流).We like taking a walk there after supper.8.The weather report says the_(温度)will drop to-15 tomorrow.9.The_（风）is blowing strongly.10.We sat down in the_(阴凉处)of the wall.Keys:1.rises 2.butterflies 3.shower 4.memory 5.harvest 6.crop 7.stream 8.temperature 9.wind 10.shade【课堂练习课堂练习】单项选择()1.Some students are playing _ on the playground while the rest _doing their homework in the classroom.A.happy;are B.happy;is C.happily;is D.happily;are()2.The old man keeps _ honest dog and _ dog can do a lot of things for him.A.an;aB.the;aC.an;theD.a;the()3.When the weather is getting cold,the bird will fly _ to find a warm place.A.far fromB.ten kilometers far from C.far awayD.near to()4.-How much time does the trip _ from your hometown to Harbin?-About twenty hours by train.A.costB.spendC.takeD.pay牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习13/20()5.My mother says,“Listen to me_.Make sure to be_ with fire.”A.careful;careful B.careful;carefully C.carefully;careful D.carefully;carefully()6.There is a lot of sunshine.Its the best time _ football outside.A.play B.to playC.playedD.for play()7.-Dont forget _ your homework here,Lucy.-OK.A.to doB.doingC.do D.did()8.Look!It is _ so _!A.blow;heavy B.blowing;hard C.blowing;hardly D.blow;heavily()9.-May I speak to Daniel,please?-_.A.Not at all B.SpeakingC.Thank youD.She is fine()10.Dont talk _.Your grandmother is sleeping now.A.loud B.hardlyC.loudlyD.hard()11.-Do you often go swimming _Saturday mornings?-Yes.Why not _ with me this Saturday?A.on;going B.in;goC on;go D.in;going()12.I dont know if he_.If he _ tomorrow,Ill call you.A.will come;comesB.comes;will come C.will come;will come D.comes;comes()13.The food smells _,so youd better not eat it.A.terriblyB.awfullyC.goodD.terrible()14.The_ information made all of us _.A.excited;feel exciting B.exciting;feel excited C.excited;to feel excitingD.exciting;to feel excited牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习14/20()15.About seventy percent of the students_ in playing computer games.A.show interestB.shows interest C.show interestsD.is interestedKeys:1-5 DCCCC 6-10 BABBC 11-15 CADBA语法语法-五种基本句型五种基本句型一句子成分(Members of a Sentence)什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子 中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句 子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补 语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject)、谓语（predicau；)、表 语（predicative)、宾语（object)、定语（attribute)、状语(adverbial)和补语(complement)。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌捤这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子 结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：:S+V(主+谓）二:S+V+P(主+系+表）三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾）四:S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾）五:S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）二、基本句型1.基本句型一:S+V(主+谓）牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习15/20主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如 boy)、主格代词（如 you)、动词不定式、动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！谓语：谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.)没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.”。S+V(不及物动词）(1)The Sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。(2)It doesnt matter.没关系。(3)The bird disappeared soon.鸟不久就消失了。此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即,句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。2.基本句型二:S+V+P(主+系+表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表 达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语 构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动同。连系动同分两类：be，look,keep,seem 等属一类，表示情况；get，grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意 义，只起连接主语和表语的作用。其他系动词仍保持其部分词 义。感官动问多可用作联系动词：look well 面色好，sound nice 听起来不错，feel good 感觉好,smell bad 难闻。S+V(系动词）+P（1）That is an EnglishChinese dictionary.那是本英汉辞典。（2）The lunch smells good.午餐闻起来很香。（3）The young man fell in love.这个年轻人堕入了情牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习16/20（4）Everything looks different.一切看来都不同了。（5）Tom is growing tall and strong.汤姆长得又高又壮。（6）The trouble is that we are short of money.麻烦的是我们缺少钱。（7）My face turned red.我的脸红了。There be 结构:There be 表示“存在有”。这里的 there 没有 实际意义，不可与副词“there 那里”混淆。此结构后跟名词,表示“(存在)有某事物”。【警示】“There is a boy there.那儿有一个男孩。”前一个 there 无实意,后一个 there 为副词“那里”。3.基本句型三:S+V+O(主+谓+宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语 产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟冇一个宾语，即动 作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语 位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的 代同必须是“代词宾格”，如:me，him，them 等。S+V(及物动词）+O(1)Who knows the answer?谁知道答案？(2)He smiled his thanks.他微笑表示感谢。(3)She has refused to help them.她拒绝帮他们。(4)They enjoy reading.他们喜欢看书。(5)We ate what was left over.我们吃了剩饭。牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习17/20(6)He said Good morning.”他说:“早上好！”(7)1 want to have a cup of coffee.我想喝杯咖啡。(8)He admits that he was mistaken.他承认犯了错误。4.基本句型四:S+V+IO+DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give 给，pass 递，bring 带,show 显示这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语;个 指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。般的顺序为：动词+间接宾语+直接宾语。如:“Give me a cup of tea.please.。强调间接宾语顺序为：动词+直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如：“Show this house to Mr.Smith.”。若直接宾语为人称代词,则顺序为：动词+代词直接宾语+介词+间接宾语。如：“Bring it to me,please.”。S+V(及物）+IO(多指人)+DO(多指物)(1)He ordered himself a pair of new trousers.他给自己定了一条新裤子。(2)Lily cooked her husband a delicious meal.莉莉给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。(3)She brought you a dictionary.她给你带来了一本字典。(4)He denies me nothing.他对我什么都不拒绝。(5)1 showed them my pictures.我给他们看我的照片(6)He gave my car a wash.他洗了我的汽车。(7)He told me that the bus was late.他告诉我汽车晚点了。(8)My father showed me how to run the machine.我爸爸教我运行机器。牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习18/205.基本句型五:S+V+DO+OC(主+谓+宾+宾补）此句型句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟 一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出补充说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。(1)名词/代词宾格+名词The war made him a soldier.战争使他成为一名战士。（2）名词/代词宾格+形容词New methods will make the job easy.新方法会使这项工作变得轻松。（3）名词/代词宾格+介词短语I often find the teacher at work.我经常发现老师在工作。（4）名词/代词宾格+动词不定式Mr.Wu asked the students to close the windows.吴老师让学生们关上窗户。（5）名词/代词宾格+分词1 saw a cat running across the road just now.我刚刚看见一只猫跑过了马路。S+V(及物)+DO(宾语)+OC(宾补）（1）We appointed him the manager.我们任命他当经理。（2）They painted the door blue.他们把门漆成蓝色。（3This set us thinking.这使得我们要仔细想一想。牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习19/20（4）We found the house deserted.我们发现那房子无人居住。（5）What makes her think so?什么使她这样想？（6）We saw her out.我们送她出去。（7）My dad asked me to come back soon.我爸爸要我早点回来。（8）1 saw them getting on the bus.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。【例题精讲例题精讲】一、分析下列句子属于简单句的哪种结构A.S+V B.S+V+DOC.S+V+PD.S+V+IO+DOE.S+V+DO+OC()1.They are very happy every day.()2.They painted the walls white.()3.The boy likes the beautiful birds.()4.Many students dont think themselves clever enough.()5.Some parents give children too much money.()6.Look!The policemen are running.()7.We must keep our classroom clean.()8.He will become a doctor.()9.Andy shows her friend some photos.()10.The boy finished his homework.答案：1.C 2.E 3.B 4.E 5.D 6.A 7.E 8.B 9.D 10.B牛津译林 8AUnit7 知识点同步梳理和练习20/20【课堂练习课堂练习】单项选择()1.Some parents give children too much pocket money.The sentence is _.A.S+V+DO B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC()2.Our teachers always make their classes interesting and lively.The main structure of the sentence is _A.S+V+DO B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC()3.Tom fell _ his bike and hurt himself badly.A.in B.into C.off D.down()4.Its warm in winter in my country.The _ temperature is 5C.A.lowest B.highest C.low D.high()5.-_ is the weather _ today?Its sunny.A.How,/B.What,/C.How,like D.What,as()6.The meat smells _.Throw it away.A.well B.good C.badly D.bad()7.Do you know the boy in the picture?The main structure of the sentence is _A.S+V+DO B.S+V+IO+DO C.S+V+P D.S+V+DO+OC()8.Whos that,please?-_.A.Who are you?B.Im John.C.This is John speaking.D.He is John.答案：1.B 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.C