人教新课标知识点总复习必修三-Unit-1-Festivals-around-the-world.pdf

第 1 页 共 10 页必修必修 3Unit 1 Festivals around the world 核心单词核心单词1.starvevt.&vi.(使使)饿死；饥饿；渴望，急需；饿得要死饿死；饥饿；渴望，急需；饿得要死Shes starving herself trying to lose weight.她为了减肥而忍饥挨饿。她为了减肥而忍饥挨饿。常用结构：常用结构：starve for 渴望得到渴望得到starve to death 饿死饿死be starved of 极需，缺乏极需，缺乏starve sb.into sth./doing sth.使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事The plants are starving for water.这些植物极需要水。这些植物极需要水。They got lost in the desert and starved to death.他们在沙漠中迷了路而被饿死了。他们在沙漠中迷了路而被饿死了。The engine was starved of petrol and wouldnt start.发动机缺油，发动不起来。发动机缺油，发动不起来。联想拓展联想拓展starvation n.挨饿；饿死挨饿；饿死高手过招高手过招(1)单项填空单项填空Many people death in the earthquake as a result of the delay of the supplies.(200912陕西西安检测陕西西安检测)A.were starved of B.starved to C.were starved D.starved for(2)用用 starve 相关短语的适当形式填空相关短语的适当形式填空 （原创）（原创）Thousands of people in Africa.These children are love.The people on the island fresh water since it hadnt rained for nearly half a year.解析解析1)选选 B。starve to death 为固定搭配，意为为固定搭配，意为“饿死饿死”，符合句意。，符合句意。be starved of 与与 starve for 均为均为“渴望渴望”之意。之意。(2)starved to death/died of starvationstarving forwere starved ofIt is my belief that.我相信我相信He has great belief in his doctor.他对他的医生无比信赖。他对他的医生无比信赖。She has lost her belief in God.她已不相信上帝。她已不相信上帝。高手过招高手过招用用 brief 相关短语的适当形式填空相关短语的适当形式填空He came to me I could help him.that nuclear weapons are immoral.The cruelty of the murders was .答案：答案：in the belief thatIt is my beliefbeyond belief2.beliefn.C/U 信任；信仰，信心信任；信仰，信心believe vi.&vt.相信相信常用结构：常用结构：have belief in sth./sb.对某物对某物/某人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心某人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心beyond belief 难以置信难以置信in the belief that.相信相信第 2 页 共 10 页3.gain n.获得；增加；获利，获得物；收益；利润获得；增加；获利，获得物；收益；利润vt.得到；获得，赢得，增加，增添，到达；（钟、表等）快得到；获得，赢得，增加，增添，到达；（钟、表等）快He gained full marks in the examination.他考试得了满分。他考试得了满分。For the first time in her life she gained a clear idea of how vast the world is.她生平第一次明确地知道世界是多么大。她生平第一次明确地知道世界是多么大。The company has made notable gains in productivity.该公司在生产能力方面已经有了明显的提高。该公司在生产能力方面已经有了明显的提高。My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快我的表一天快 5 分钟。分钟。易混辨析易混辨析gain/win/get/earn/acquiregain 指在斗争，竞争中做出很大努力而指在斗争，竞争中做出很大努力而“获得获得”，所得到的东西常具有一定价值。，所得到的东西常具有一定价值。win 含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“赢得赢得”。get 为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到得到”。earn 意为意为“赚得赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。，表示经过艰苦努力所得到的报酬。acquire 意为意为“获得，取得获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得。高手过招高手过招 选词填空（选词填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win）（原创）（原创）Im new in the job but I have already experience.Please me a glass of water.His perseverance him many friends and a gold medal.He up to$50,000 a year by writing stories.After six years study,he has a good knowledge of English.答案：答案：gainedgethas wonearnsacquired4.awardvt.授予，奖给授予，奖给(后多接双宾语，在多数场合下用被动形式后多接双宾语，在多数场合下用被动形式 be awarded);判定判定n.奖，奖品；奖金奖，奖品；奖金Medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team.奖章授给了辩论队中的最佳演说者。奖章授给了辩论队中的最佳演说者。He got the highest award in the contest.他得到了比赛的最高奖。他得到了比赛的最高奖。易混辨析易混辨析award/prize/rewardaward 既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。prize 为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。reward 既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金。而得到的赏金、酬金。He won the award for the best student of the year.他获得本年度最优秀学生奖。他获得本年度最优秀学生奖。A prize was given to the person who had the winning number.奖品奖给了那个获得中奖号码的人。奖品奖给了那个获得中奖号码的人。He received a medal as a reward for his courage.他得到一枚奖章，作为对他勇敢的奖励。他得到一枚奖章，作为对他勇敢的奖励。高手过招高手过招单项填空单项填空Three university departments have been$600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.200912江苏泰兴检测江苏泰兴检测)第 3 页 共 10 页A.Promoted B.includedC.Secured D.awarded解析解析:选选 D。考查词义辨析。考查词义辨析。promote 促进，提升；促进，提升；include 包括；包括；secure 保证，使安全；保证，使安全；award 授予，奖给。根授予，奖给。根据句意据句意“被奖励了被奖励了 600,000 美元美元”可知，可知，D 项正确。项正确。5.admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕。其后可接人或物作宾语，但不可以接宾语从句作宾语。赞美；钦佩；羡慕。其后可接人或物作宾语，但不可以接宾语从句作宾语。admiration n.赞美，钦佩；令人赞美的人或物赞美，钦佩；令人赞美的人或物admirer n.钦佩者；羡慕者钦佩者；羡慕者admire sb.for sth.因某事钦佩或羡慕某人因某事钦佩或羡慕某人express admiration for sb.对某人表示钦佩对某人表示钦佩have great admiration for sb.十分钦佩某人十分钦佩某人 in admiration of 表示钦佩表示钦佩with/in admiration 心怀钦佩地心怀钦佩地 They admired our garden.他们羡慕我们的花园。他们羡慕我们的花园。I admire him for his success in business.我羡慕他事业有成。我羡慕他事业有成。Arent you going to admire my new house?你难道不想夸夸我的新房子吗？你难道不想夸夸我的新房子吗？联想拓展联想拓展warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事警告某人某事rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物抢劫某人某物rid sb.of sth.使某人摆脱使某人摆脱/除去某物除去某物suspect sb.of sth.怀疑某人某事怀疑某人某事accuse sb.of sth.控告某人某事控告某人某事demand answer of sb.要求某人答复要求某人答复ask a favour of sb.请某人帮忙请某人帮忙高手过招高手过招完成句子完成句子 （原创）（原创）Stop looking in the mirror (自我欣赏自我欣赏).Visitors to Beijing usually (钦佩那里的警察钦佩那里的警察).Our school is widely (羡慕羡慕)its excellent teaching.答案：答案：admiring yourselfadmire the policemen thereadmired for6.remind vt.提醒；使想起提醒；使想起常用结构常用结构:remind sb.of/about sth.提醒某人记住提醒某人记住/想起某事想起某事 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事remind sb.that.提醒某人提醒某人/使某人想起使某人想起I reminded Gerald of his promise.我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。高手过招高手过招翻译句子翻译句子 （原创）（原创）这些照片使我想起我的童年。这些照片使我想起我的童年。请提醒我每天服三次药。请提醒我每天服三次药。第 4 页 共 10 页答案：答案：These photos remind me of my childhood.Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day./Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.7.permissionn.U许可，允许许可，允许permit vt.准许，许可，允许准许，许可，允许n.许可许可(证）证）；执照；执照常用结构：常用结构：with/without(ones)permission 得到允许得到允许/未经允许未经允许ask sb.for permission 征求某人的许可征求某人的许可give sb.permission to do sth.允许某人做某事允许某人做某事have ones permission 得到某人的同意得到某人的同意高手过招高手过招 完成句子完成句子They entered the area (未经允许未经允许).You will need to obtain planning (许可证许可证)if you want to extend your house.答案：答案：without permissionpermission8.clothing n.(总称总称)衣服，服装衣服，服装UCheck your belongings and make sure you dont leave your articles of clothing behind.检查你的行李，不要丢下衣物。检查你的行李，不要丢下衣物。Food,clothing and shelter are everyones priorities.衣食住行是每一个人优先考虑的事情。衣食住行是每一个人优先考虑的事情。易错辨析易错辨析clothing/clothes/clothclothing 是衣服、被褥的总称，为不可数名词；是衣服、被褥的总称，为不可数名词；clothes 指包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等在内的具体的衣服，它没有单数形式，只能说指包括上衣、裤子、内衣、外衣等在内的具体的衣服，它没有单数形式，只能说 many/some/a few clothes;cloth 则指做衣服所用的布料，为不可数名词。则指做衣服所用的布料，为不可数名词。高手过招高手过招选词填空选词填空(clothing/clothes/cloth)The industry in this area has been going from strength to strength.Its cold outside.Youd better put on more .How much does it take to make a blouse for a girl?答案：答案：clothingclothescloth重点短语重点短语9.take place发生；举行发生；举行In the meantime,an economic crisis took place in that country.在此期间那个国家发生了经济危机。在此期间那个国家发生了经济危机。The Olympic Games take place every four years.奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。奥林匹克运动会每四年举行一次。联想拓展联想拓展take ones place=take the place of.代替代替take the first place 获得第一名获得第一名 in place of 代替代替易错辨析易错辨析第 5 页 共 10 页take place/happen/break out/occurtake place 通常表示计划、安排之内的通常表示计划、安排之内的“发生发生”。happen 指事情偶然的发生，常带有未能预见的含义；另外，还有指事情偶然的发生，常带有未能预见的含义；另外，还有“碰巧碰巧”之意。之意。break out 指火灾、战争或瘟疫的突然爆发。指火灾、战争或瘟疫的突然爆发。occur 指按计划发生，常指（某想法、某事）出现在某人的头脑中。常见结构：指按计划发生，常指（某想法、某事）出现在某人的头脑中。常见结构：It occurs/occurred to sb.that 表示表示“某人想起某事某人想起某事”。It occurred to me that I had forgotten my keys.我想起了我忘了带钥匙。我想起了我忘了带钥匙。高手过招高手过招完成句子完成句子 （原创）（原创）It was in the church that their wedding (举行举行).Will you attend the meeting (代替代替)me?(请就座请就座),please!Were ready to start.Its hard to find a man to (代替代替)the present manager.Liu Xiang (获得第一名获得第一名)in the 110m hurdle race.答案：答案：took placein place ofTake your place/seattake the place oftook the first place10.in memory of=to the memory of 纪念；追念纪念；追念Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people.很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist.这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建的。这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建的。联想拓展联想拓展in honour of 为了纪念为了纪念；向；向表示敬意表示敬意in praise of 歌颂；称赞歌颂；称赞in favour of 赞同赞同,支持支持in charge of 负责负责in need of 需要；缺少需要；缺少in search of 寻找寻找in possession of 拥有拥有高手过招高手过招(1)单项填空单项填空This monument was built the little hero.(200912陕西咸阳检测陕西咸阳检测)A.in place of B.in search ofC.in memory of D.in need of（2）用由）用由“in+n.+of”构成的短语填空（原创）构成的短语填空（原创）A monument was set up (纪念纪念)the dead soldiers.He founded the charity(兴办那项慈善事业兴办那项慈善事业)(怀念怀念)his late wife.If you are (需要需要)anything,dont hesitate to let me know.In the discussion,I was (支持支持)Mr Li.解析解析:（1选）选 C。考查短语辨析。句意为：这座纪念碑是为纪念那位小英雄而建的。考查短语辨析。句意为：这座纪念碑是为纪念那位小英雄而建的。in place of 代替；代替；in search of 搜寻；搜寻；in memory of 为纪念为纪念;in need of 需要。需要。（2）in memory/honour ofin memory ofin need ofin favour of11.dress up第 6 页 共 10 页dress 作作“打扮自己或打扮某人打扮自己或打扮某人”讲，与介词讲，与介词 as/like 连用或用于连用或用于 dress up as sb./dress up for sth.结构。结构。We are supposed to dress up as movie characters for the party,what a novel idea!我们在晚会上要装扮成电影中的角色，这是一个多么新奇的主意啊！我们在晚会上要装扮成电影中的角色，这是一个多么新奇的主意啊！They dress up for the occasion.为了参加这个活动，他们都穿上了盛装。为了参加这个活动，他们都穿上了盛装。She dress up in Elizabethan costume for the fancydress ball.她穿上伊丽莎白一世时代的服装去参加化装舞会。她穿上伊丽莎白一世时代的服装去参加化装舞会。联想拓展联想拓展be dressed in 穿着穿着衣服衣服be dressed as 打扮成打扮成be well dressed 衣着讲究衣着讲究dress oneself 穿衣，打扮穿衣，打扮dress sb.给某人穿衣服高手过招给某人穿衣服高手过招高手过招高手过招 单项填空单项填空 in a white uniform,he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(200912江西江西赣州检测赣州检测)A.Dressed B.To dressC.Dressing D.Having dressed解析解析:选选 A。be dressed in.穿着穿着的衣服，表示一种状态。的衣服，表示一种状态。12.play a trick/tricks on sb.搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑The children played a trick on their teacher on April Fools Day.孩子们在愚人节那天捉弄了他们的老师。孩子们在愚人节那天捉弄了他们的老师。Remember not to play any tricks on the disabled.记住不要戏弄残疾人。记住不要戏弄残疾人。联想拓展联想拓展play a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑开某人的玩笑 make fun of sb.取笑某人取笑某人laugh at sb.嘲笑某人嘲笑某人 smile at sb.向某人微笑向某人微笑make a fool of 愚弄愚弄;嘲笑嘲笑 高手过招高手过招用适当的介词填空用适当的介词填空 （原创）（原创）Tom liked making fun others in public.Its bad manners to laugh the disabled.These boys like playing tricks their teacher.He smiled me when he heard my funny answer.答案：答案：ofatonat 13.look forward to期待某事做某事期待某事做某事(to 为介词，后接名词或动名词为介词，后接名词或动名词)We should look forward to the futurity.我们应该展望未来。我们应该展望未来。I am familiar with his work and look forward to hearing his views on literary and artistic creation.我熟悉他的作品，并期待他能就文艺创作方面发表自己的见解。我熟悉他的作品，并期待他能就文艺创作方面发表自己的见解。联想拓展联想拓展带有介词带有介词“to”的短语可用下面这两句话帮助记忆：的短语可用下面这两句话帮助记忆：第 7 页 共 10 页习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物，这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道。不喜欢这种事实的人谈到习惯于旧方式的人坚持反对新事物，这样导致许多献身于科学的人被宣判为大逆不道。不喜欢这种事实的人谈到此事时，总期待着增添自己的努力使它开始改变。此事时，总期待着增添自己的努力使它开始改变。习惯于习惯于 be(get)used to，坚持，坚持 stick to，反对，反对 object to，导致，导致 lead to，献身于，献身于 be devoted to，被宣判为，被宣判为 be sentenced to，喜欢，喜欢 prefer.to，谈到，谈到 come to，期待，期待 look forward to，增添，增添 add to，开始，开始 get down to。高手过招高手过招(1)单项填空单项填空She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to her.(200912浙江杭州检测浙江杭州检测)A.See B.have seen C.seeing D.be seeing(2)用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空 （原创）（原创）The boy hurried forward (see)the worldfamous oil painting because he had been looking forward to(see)it for a long time.The day I had been looking forward to (come).I used to(get)up late,but now Im used to (get)up early.解析解析:(1)选选 C。句意为：她盼望他归来，就如同他想见到她一样。句意为：她盼望他归来，就如同他想见到她一样。as 引导的是省略句，完整的句子是：引导的是省略句，完整的句子是：as he himself is to looking forward to seeing her。此处分析句子结构，同时熟知。此处分析句子结构，同时熟知 look forward to 的用法即可突破。的用法即可突破。(2)to see;seeingcameget;getting14.turn up出席出席(某活动某活动)(常用于口语常用于口语);出现出现;找到找到;把把(收音机等的收音机等的)音量调大一些音量调大一些(其反义短语是其反义短语是 turn down)；到场；到场Im sure your watch will turn up one of these days.我担保你的手表准有一天能找到。我担保你的手表准有一天能找到。We invited her to dinner but she didnt even bother to turn up.我们请她吃饭她都不露面。我们请她吃饭她都不露面。I cant hear the radio very well;could you turn it up a bit?我听不太清楚收音机我听不太清楚收音机,你把声音调大点行吗你把声音调大点行吗?联想拓展联想拓展turn against 反对；背叛反对；背叛turn down （音量等）调小；拒绝（音量等）调小；拒绝turn off 关掉关掉turn on 打开；发动打开；发动turn out 结果是结果是；证明是；证明是turn to sb.for help 向某人求助向某人求助turn away 走开走开;转过脸去转过脸去;把把打发走打发走turn in 进入；交出；上交进入；交出；上交turn over 打翻；移交；反复考虑打翻；移交；反复考虑turn into 把把变成变成高手过招高手过招(1)单项填空单项填空He promised to come yesterday，but he hasnt yet.(200912浙江宁波检测浙江宁波检测)A.turned in B.turned upC.turned on D.turned out(2)用适当的介词或副词填空用适当的介词或副词填空（原创）（原创）Its half past ten,but he hasnt turned yet.Its wrong to turn our motherland.Please turn the radio a bit;Im doing my homework.(3)用用 turn 相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）Dont worry.The file is sure to .第 8 页 共 10 页Please the television a bit,I cant hear it clearly.It that it was Tim who broke the vase.The sad child his mother for comfort.解析解析:(1)选选 B。考查短语辨析。考查短语辨析。turn in 进入；交出；上交；进入；交出；上交；turn on 打开；打开；turn out 结果是结果是。均不符合句意。均不符合句意。turn up 出现。出现。(2)upagainstdown(3)turn upturn;upturned outturned to15.keep ones word守信用；履行诺言；守信用；履行诺言；word 意为意为“诺言诺言”时，是不可数名词，不可以用复数形式，其前面不可以用冠词修饰。时，是不可数名词，不可以用复数形式，其前面不可以用冠词修饰。You should keep your word once you make it.你一旦许诺就要遵守诺言。你一旦许诺就要遵守诺言。You promised you would take the children to camp so you must keep your word.你答应过要带孩子们去野营，所以你必须信守诺言。你答应过要带孩子们去野营，所以你必须信守诺言。联想拓展联想拓展break ones word 食言食言 get in a word 插嘴插嘴 in a/one word=in short 总而言之总而言之 in other words 换句话说换句话说 word for word 逐词逐词have a word with sb.与某人谈话与某人谈话have words with sb.与某人争吵与某人争吵word came that.有消息传来有消息传来高手过招高手过招单项填空单项填空She said she wouldnt do it,and she did keep her .(200912江西修水检测江西修水检测)A.Words B.word C.customs D.apology解析解析:选选 B。句意为：她说她不会做那件事的，她确实履行了她的诺言。句意为：她说她不会做那件事的，她确实履行了她的诺言。keep ones word 意为意为“履行诺言履行诺言”。word意为意为“诺言诺言”时，为不可数名词。时，为不可数名词。16.set off 出发；动身；使爆炸出发；动身；使爆炸What time are you planning to set off tomorrow?你打算明天几点钟启程你打算明天几点钟启程?The terrorist set off a bomb in the city centre and killed six people.恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了恐怖分子在市中心引爆了炸弹，杀害了 6 个人。个人。联想拓展联想拓展set off for a place 出发到某地出发到某地set about doing sth.开始（某工作）开始（某工作）；着手做某事；着手做某事set out 从某地出发上路从某地出发上路set out to do sth.开始做某事开始做某事set sth.up 摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立摆放或竖起某物；创立，建立set sth.aside 将某事物放在一边；将某事物放在一边；（为某目的）节省或保留金钱或时间（为某目的）节省或保留金钱或时间set down 记下；写下记下；写下 高手过招高手过招用用 set 相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）相关短语的适当形式填空（原创）The new government must finding solutions to the countrys economic problems.第 9 页 共 10 页The children the fireworks in the yard.She a bit of money every month.They a statue in honour of the national hero.Theyve on a journey round the world.答案：答案：set aboutset offsets asideset upset off/out重点句型重点句型17.The country,covered with cherry tree flowers,looks as though it is covered with pink snow.（节日里）整个国度到处是盛开的樱花（节日里）整个国度到处是盛开的樱花,看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。as though/as if 意为意为“好像好像”。联想拓展联想拓展as though/as if 引导方式从句和表语、状语从句：引导方式从句和表语、状语从句：引导方式状语从句引导方式状语从句She acted as though nothing had happened.她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。注意：当从句主语和主句主语一致注意：当从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句谓语中含有动词且从句谓语中含有动词 be 时时,可把主语和可把主语和 be 一起省略。一起省略。He looked about as though(he was)in search of something.他四下张望他四下张望,好像在寻找什么。好像在寻找什么。引导表语从句引导表语从句It looks as if its going to rain.看样子要下雨了。看样子要下雨了。as though 和和 as if 从句是用虚拟语气从句是用虚拟语气,还是用陈述语气还是用陈述语气,完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反全相反,或者纯粹是一种假设或者纯粹是一种假设,通常用虚拟语气。通常用虚拟语气。The child talks as if she were an adult.那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。高手过招高手过招用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创）用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空（原创）The pencil looks as if it (break)with half of it in the glass of water.Li Ming speaks English very well as though he (be)an Englishman.It seems as if our team (be)going to win.He talks about pyramids as though he (see)them himself.答案：答案：were brokenwereis had seen18.It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开It was obvious/clear that.=obviously/cle