初中英语五种基本句型总结.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语中的五种基本句型,第1页,英语五种基本句型：,基本句型一:,+,（主谓）,基本句型二:,+,+,（主系表）,基本句型三:,+,+O,（主谓宾）,基本句型四:,+,+IO+O,（主谓间宾,直宾）,基本句型五：,+,+O,+,（主谓宾宾补）,第2页,1.They work hard.,主,+,谓,2.Plants need water.,主,+,谓,+,宾,3.,The flower is dead.,主,+,系,+,表,4.He gives me some seeds.,主,+,谓,+,直宾,+间,宾,5.We should keep the plants in the shade.,主,+,谓,+,宾,+,宾补,第3页,1.She sings.,2.She sings songs.,3.She is a singer.,4.She sang him a song.,5.She asked him to sing too.,第4页,1、Toms sister,Mary,sings wery well.,2,Every morning she sings folk songs at the top of her voice near the window.,3,If she works hard,she may become a famous singer some day.,第5页,4,Every morning,she sings countless songs to her brother,and give him no peace.,5,Sometimes,naughty Mary would ask her angry brother to sing together with her.,第6页,基本句型 一,+,（主谓）,此句型句子有一个共同特点，即句子谓语动词都能表示,完整意思,。,这类动词叫做,不及物动词,，后面能够跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,第7页,e.work.run,live.stay,arrive,.,go to,look at,listen to,Thesunwasshining.,We work.,Themoonrose.,第8页,Weallbreathe,eat,anddrink.,He runs in the park.,Theytalkedforhalfanhour.,Thepenwritessmoothly.Birds fly.,Class begins.,They also play together after school.,第9页,He often runs in the morning.,He often walks after supper.,He always swims in summer.,Flowers grow in spring.,He is lying under the tree.,I live far away from school.,We travel by bicycle.,第10页,I get there at eight.,The bus goes along Yuhua Road.,The wind is blowing.,The days start before 6 oclock.,The bus stopped at the station.,They live on the ninth floor.,My eyes hurt.,The students study hard.,The sun shines in summer.,第11页,基本句型 二,+,+O,（主谓宾）,共同特点是：谓语动词都含有实义，都是主语产生动作，但不能表示完整意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做,及物动词,。,第12页,1.Who,2.She,3.He,4.He,5.They,6.Danny,7.I,8.He,knows,laugh at,understands,made,ate,likes,want,said,the answer?,her.,English.,cakes.,some apples.,donuts.,to have a cup of tea.,Good morning.,第13页,Whoknowstheanswer?,Shesmiledherthanks.,Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.,Heenjoysreading.,Theyatethree apples.,第14页,HesaidGoodmorning.,Iwanttohaveacupoftea.,Heoften plays football.,I have two brothers.,He never rides his bicycle to school,We watch television after supper,第15页,Stop talking.,She likes her job.,Birds are making their nests.,My father read the book.,They want to go.,I know him very well,Many people like traveling by bus.,第16页,You must listen to me.,Look at the blackboard.,I get on the bus.,He looks after his brother.They put up a new hospital.,第17页,基本句型 三,（主系表）,共同特点：,句子谓语动词都不能表示一个完整意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态表语组成复合谓语，才能表示完整意思。这类动词叫做,连系动词,。,第18页,1、表示情况或状态：,（1）、be,keep,seem,appear 状态,（2）、feel,smell,sound,taste look,等感官动词改变而来,（3）、keep,stay,continue,remain,go rise不及物动词改变而来。,第19页,2、表示主语改变过程：get,grow,become,turn，go,come等。,be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。,第20页,ThisisanEnglish-Chinese,dictionary.,Thedinnersmellsgood.,Hefellinlove.,Everythinglooksdifferent.,Heisgrowingtallandstrong.,Thetrouble isthattheyare,shortofmoney.,第21页,Ourwellhasgonedry.,Hisfaceturnedred.,It is an apple.,Im thirteen years old.,They are in the park.,The tall man is my father.,Im poor at English.,第22页,The food tastes nicer,It gets warmer and warmer.,The days are longer.,He became a scientist.,His face goes red.,第23页,基本句型 四,（主谓间宾 直宾）,共同特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表示完整意思。这两个宾语一个是动作直接承受者，另一个是动作间接承受者。,表示动作是“对着谁”，“为了谁”做，往往指人。怎样才能知道动作是“为了谁”还是“对着谁”，那就要依据间接宾语是表示动作方向还是动作目标来定。,第24页,pass,give,offer,lend,send,sell,show,bring,hand,tell,return,write,pay,teach,promise等动词表示方向，即动作是“对着谁”，后间接宾语前用to,组成sth+to sb.,如:lend the book to me.,The old man gave the apple to the boy,.,第25页,buy,build,make,do,fetch,get,play,save,cook,sing,find,动词后间接宾语是表示目标，即动作是“为了谁”做，后用sth+for sb.结构。,My brother bought a dictionary for me.,My mother made a cake for me.,第26页,间接宾语通常位于直接宾语之前，即：动词+间宾+直宾,He gave me an apple.,She bought her daughter a new bike.,He told us an old story.,Lao Li cooked a nice dinner.,第27页,He gave me a pen.=He gave a pen to me.,She made me a cake.=She made a cake for me.,He will buy some books for me.,He gave a nice present to her yesterday.,Her mother bought a new watch for her last week.,第28页,但当直接宾语是人称代词，间接宾语是名词时，或两个宾语都是人称代词时，间接宾语位于直接宾语之后，这时在间接宾语前必须加to或for.如：,I pass it to my mother.,She threw them to me.,关键是切记只能接to和for 动词。,第29页,I showed him my pictures.I gave my car a wash.,I told him that the bus was late.,She passed him a new dress.,She cooked her a delicious meal.,第30页,She brought her husband a dictionary.,He bought you nothing.I showed her my pictures.,I gave him a hand.I told him how to run the machine.,第31页,基本句型 五,+,+O,+,（主谓宾宾补）,共同特点是：动词即使是及物动词，不过只跟一个宾语还不能表示完整意思，必须加上一个补充成份来补足宾语，才能使意完整。,第32页,They made her happy.,I saw her dance.,I found the movie interesting.,He left the door open.,He asked me to come back.,I saw them getting on the bus.,第33页,1、动词不定式作宾补时有三种情况：,1）、在ask,tell,invite,force,get,allow,help,wish,want,like,hate,prefer等动词后，应用带to不定式。2）、在感官动词see,hear,watch,listen to,notice,feel,look at,和使役动词have,make,let 后，不定式不带to.,3)、help 后宾语补足语可带to 也可不带。,第34页,2、惯用分词作宾补动词有：see,watch,notice,hear,feel,make,have,get,keep,find等。,3、现分和过分作宾补时有区分：,“宾语+现分”在逻辑上是主动关系；,“宾语+过分”在逻辑上是被动关系。,I saw someone knoking at the door.,I saw the door knocked at.,第35页,They painted the door green.,I found the boy sitting in the room.,This made me thinking.,I saw him out.,He asked me to come soon.I saw him getting on the bus.,第36页,We keep the table clean.,They painted the door green.,They call supper dinner.,They found the house dirty.,What makes me sad?,We saw him out.,第37页,再 见！,第38页,