中考英语复习--语法专题攻略-专题六-介词及介词短语.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,专题六 介词及介词短语,【语法讲解】,1.介词功效,介词是一个虚词，用来表示名词或相当于名词其它词语句中其它词关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词其它词组成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。比如：,The boy,over there,is John,s brother.(定语,),The girl will be back,in two hours,.(状语,),Our English teacher is,from Australia,.(表语,),Help yourself,to some fish,.(宾语补足语,),第1页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,2.惯用介词使用方法辨析,（1）,表时间介词,at,in on,表示时间点,用at。比如：,at six o,clock,at noon,at midnight。表示在某,个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节,以及早晨，早晨，下午，晚上时，用,in,。比如：,in the ninettenth century,in,in may,in winter,in the morning,in the afternoon,等。,表示详细某一天和某一天,早晨，下午晚上时，用,on,。比如：,on Monday,on July 1,st,on Sunday morning等。,第2页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,since,after,由since和,after,引导词组都可表示从过去某一点开始时段，但,since,词组表示时段一直延续到说话时刻，因而往往要与现在完成时连用。而,after,词组所表示时段纯系过去，因而要与普通过去时连用。比如：,I haven,t heard from him since last summer.,After five days the boy came back.,第3页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,in,after,in,与未来时态连用时，表示“过多长时间以后”意思，后面跟表示一段时间词语。,After,与未来时态连用时，后面只能跟表示时间点词语。,After,与过去时态连用时，后面才能跟表示一段时间词语。比如：,He will be back in two months.,He will arrive after four o,clock.,He returned after a month.,第4页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,（2）表示地点介词,at,in,on,at普通指小地方；,in,普通指大地方或某个范围之内；,on,往往表示“在某个物体表面”。比如He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.,They arrived at a small village before dark.,There is a big hole in the wall.,The teacher put up a picture on the wall.,第5页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,over,above,on,over,on和,above,都可表示“在,上面”，但详细含义不一样。,Over,表示位置高于某物，在某物正上方，其反义词是,under,。,above,也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是,below,。,On,指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一上面。比如：,There is a bridge over the river.,We flew above the clouds.,They put some flowers on the teacher,s desk.,第6页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,across,through,across和,through,均可表示“从这一边到另一边”，但使用方法不一样。,Across,含义与,on,相关，表示动作在某一物体表面进行。,Throgh,含义与,in,相关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。比如：,The dog ran across the grass.,The boy swam across the river.,They walked through the forest.,I pushed through the crowds.,第7页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,3.介词固定搭配,介词往往同其它词类形成了固定搭配关系。记住这种固定搭配关系，才能正确使用介词。,（1）介词与动词搭配,listen to,laugh at,get to,look for wait for,hear from,turn on,turn off,worry about,think of,look after,spend,on等。,（2）介词与名词搭配,on time,in time,by bus,on foot,with pleasure,on one,s way to,in trouble,at breakfast,at the end of,in the end等。,（3）介词与形容词搭配,be late for,be afraid of,be good at,be interested in,be angry with,be full of,be sorry for等。,第8页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,经典例题1：,When will Mr Black come to Beijing?, September 5.,A.On B.To C.At D.In,解析：A。表示时间介词使用方法。表示某一天用介词,on,。,经典例题2：,The boys felt sad as they lost _ the girls in the talk show.,A.by B.in C.to D.on,解析：C。该题考查是介词和动词固定搭配。,lose,表示输给谁,时候用介词,to,。应选,C,。,第9页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,【-本土真题】,()1.(云南)The Third China-South Asia EXPO was held in Kunming,_June 12,th,to June 16,th,.,A.on B.in C.at D.from,（）2.（云南）Excuse me.Could you tell me the way,the,nearest supermarket?,Go down the street and turn left.Then you,ll see it.,A.to,B.of,C.in D.at,D,A,第10页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,（）3.(云南,),The 20,th,World Cup will be held in Brazil,June 12 _July 13,.,A.in;to B.in;to C.at;from D.from;to,()4.(昆明)Shanghai Disneyland opened _ June 16,th,.We are thirsty to go.,A.in B.on C.at D.of,D,B,第11页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,（）5.(昆明)Ladies and gentlemen,welcome,China-,South Asia EXPO.,A.on B.in C.at D.to,（,）6(,201,6曲靖),What do you think of your teacher?,He is perfect and plays an important role,helping us in our,school life,A.on B.up C.in D.with,D,C,第12页,云南省初中学业水平考试 复习,指导,手册,（,）7.(,曲靖),You have to put the past,you before you can,move on.,A.in front of B.near C.behind D.between,（）8.（曲靖）,our surprise,MH370 has not been,found since it was lost on March 8,.,A.With B.In C.To D.By,C,C,第13页,