主谓一致导学案.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,主谓一致导学案,【,学习目标,】1,掌握英语主谓一致的一般规律，熟练,运用人称和数上与主语保持一致的原则。,2,能够在书面表达中杜绝主谓一致方面,的错误。,【,重点难点,】1,谓语动词用单数的种种情况。,2,就近原则。,【,自主学习,】,主谓一致指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须,与主语保持一致。,处理主谓一致问题，可依据三项原则：,语法上一致、意义上一致和就近一致。,一、,语法一致原则,:,即主语为单数,谓语用,_,主语为复数,谓语也用,_.,1,、,主语,+as well as,rather than,along/together,with,like,such as,besides,but,except+,名词,+,谓语与前面的主语一致。,(,就远原则,),No one except two servants was late for the dinner.,除了 两个仆人外,没有一个人迟来用餐,He as well as I _ absent from the,meeting.(be,),2,、由,and,和,bothand,连接并列名词或代词作主语时，,谓语动词用复数形式。但是,用,and,连接的并列主语被,each,every,或,no,修饰时,谓语动词用,_,Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming.,No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.,没有老师也没有学生开会缺席,.,Each man and(each)woman is asked to help.,每个男人和每个女人都被请去帮忙,.,Mary and Lucy are friends.,Both my father and mother work in the factory.,3,、,some,thing,any +one +,谓单,no body,everywhere,Someone _ looking for,you.(be,),Everything _ nice in your,garden.(be,),Anyone _ forbidden to smoke,here.(be,),4,、由两个部分构成的物质名词（,trousers,pants,jeans,glasses,shorts,等）直接作主语时谓语用复数，若其前,加,a pair of,则由,pair,的单复数决定谓语动词的数。,The trousers _,cleaning.(need,),That pair of trousers _ to,me.(belong,),Here _ some new pairs of,shoes.(be,),5,、,The number of+,复数,+,谓单,A number of+,复数,+,谓复,eg,:A number of rooms _ on,sale.(be,),The number of the rooms _ 20.(be),6,、,half,part,all,any,不可名谓单,some,a lot,lots.plenty,of +,单名谓单,rest,most,分数,/,百分数 复数谓复,Forty percent of the work _ been done.,（,have,）,Forty percent of,the works _ been,published.(have,),Most of the food _,fresh.(be,),Most of,the apples _,green.(be,),Of,7,、由主语从句、不定式短语、动名词作主语时，谓语用单数。,When they will discuss it _ not been decided yet.,（,have,）,To die for the people_ a worthwhile death.(be),Looking after the children _ her full-time job.(be),8,、,形复意单,名词如：以,s,结尾的学科名词,(,maths,physics,politics,）,书、报、地名、国名、组织等、国名如,:the United States;,报纸名如,:the New Times;,书名如,:Arabian Nights;,以及,The United Nations,等作主语时,谓语动词用,单数,.,Physics _worth studying.(be),Maths,_ a difficult science.(be),The United States _ made up of 50,states.(be,),The United Nations _ a world,organization.(be,),Bad news _,wings.(have,),（好事不出门，恶事传千里）,二 意义一致原则,:,1,、用,and,连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个人,同一事,同一概念,（,and,后无冠词）谓语动词用,_,否则用,_.,如,:,The poet and writer has come.,那位诗人兼作家来了,.(,一个人,),A hammer and a saw are useful tools.,锤子和锯都是有用的工具,.(,两样物,),2.class,family,team,group,government,等集体名词,+,谓语视情况而定,看作整体时，谓语用单数；强调其中各个成员时，谓语用复数。,eg,:His family_ small but the family _ excellent workers.,（,be,）,His family _all watching TV.(be),3.“the+,姓氏,+s”,表示一家人或夫妇二人，作主语时,谓语动词用,_.,如,:,The Greens are leaving for Beijing next week.,The Blacks _ going to make a trip to,London.(be,),4,、时间、距离、重量、价值、数目等名词复数作整体看待时，谓语用单数。,eg,:Thirty dollars _ too high a price for the book.,（,be,）,Another 10 years _ passed since he left.(have),Fifteen miles _ like a long walk to me.(seem),5,、通常作复数的集体名词,.,包括,police,people,cattle,等,这些集体名词通常用作复数，谓语动词用复数。,The police are running after the thief.,6,、“,the+,形容词“如：,the blind,deaf,poor,young,dead,wounded,表示一类人,+,谓复。Generall,y,the young _ thirsty for,knowledge.(be,),三就近原则,1,、,or,nor,eitheror,neithernor,not only,but also,直接两个主语时，谓语与最近的一致。（就近原则）,You,he or I _,right.(be,),Neither you nor he _,right.(be,),_ either he or you,right?(be,),2.,由,here,there,where,等引导的倒装句中,(,有时主语不止一个时,),谓语动词与靠近它的主语在数上一致,.,如,:,Here comes the bus,公共汽车来了,.,Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.,给你一支钢笔和几张纸,Where is your wife and children to stay while you are away?,你不在这儿的时候,你爱人和孩子在哪儿呆呢,?,巩固提高,1.Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now.,A.wereB.isC.wasD.are,2.Two days _enough for me to finish the work,I need a third day.,A.isntBisC.,aret,D.are,3.How many lessons do you usually,haver,a day?,Six lessons a day.And each of,them,_45 minutes.,A.lastB.lastsC.haveD.are,4.Neither,Liping,nor I _a basketball player.,A.amB.isC.beD.are,5.There _ many new words in lesson,one,It,is very easy.,A.isB.arentC.isntD.are,7.,Maths,_ my,favourite,subject.,A.beB.isC.amD.are,8.The boy with the two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city.,A.were sleepingB.is sleeping,C.was sleepingD.are,asle,9.Every one except Tom and John _there when the meeting began.,areB.isC.wereD.was,10,、,This pair of glasses _mine.,A.areB.beC.isD.will be,