高一定语从句之关系代词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl,who,has long hair.,关系代词,关系副词,1.起,连接作用,，连接主句和从句,2.,必定在所引导的从句中担当成分,，如主语，宾语，,表语，定语；状语。,先行词和关系词的关系,1.,A plane is a machine,that,can fly.,2.,The boy,who,broke the window is called Tom.,3.,The boy,whose,parents are dead was brought up,by his grandfather.,4.,The school,where,I study is far from my home.,the machine=,that,the boy,=,who,the boys,=,whose,in the school,=,where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词,whose,实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,关系代词,which-先行词,指物，,which在,从句中,充当,主语或宾语,的成分。,The trees,are behind the office building.,They,have,lost their leaves.,The trees,have lost the,ir leaves.,which,are behind the office building,which 在从句中做主语，先行词tree指物,The school uniform,isnt fit for me.,My teacher gave,the school uniform,to me.,The school uniform,isnt fit for me.,which 在从句中做,gave,宾语先行词school uniform指物,which,my teacher gave to me,that,-,先行词,既可指人，也可指物,，that在从句中担当,主语，宾语或表语,的成分。,The man,is talking with your mom.,Do you know,the man,?,Do you know,the man,that,is talking,with your mom?,I was glad that all my classmates were fond of,the cake,that,I made.,I was glad that all my classmates were fond of,the cake,.,I made,the cake,.,He is no longer,the boy.,He used to be,the boy.,He is no longer,the boy,that he used to be.,T,hat和which在,指物,的情况下一般都,可以互换,但在下列情况下,只能,用that。,1.,先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。,I am sure she has,something,that,you can borrow.,2 当先行词中有人又有物时。,Do you know,the things and persons,that,they are,talking about?,3,先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等,修饰时。,Ive read,all,the books,that,are not mine.,4.,先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,This is,the first,book,that,he has read.,5.,先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。,This is,the very,book,that,belongs to him.,6.当主句为who,which引导的特殊疑问句时，为避免重复，,关系代词用that。,Which,is the room,that,he stayed in last week?,7.关系代词在定语从句中做to be的表语时，只能使用that,He is no longer the boy,that,he used,to be.,who-,先行词必须,是人,，who在从句中做,主语,成分。,The man,is talking with your mom.,Do you know,the man,?,Do you know,the man,who,is talking,with your mom?,注意：,在口语和非正式用语中，who也可在,从句中担当宾语成分。但是不能用在介词之后。,whom-,先行词必须,是人，,whom在,从句,中,做,宾语,成分。,We saw,the student,just now.,He,is the best runner in our school.,The student,whom,we saw just now,is the,best runner in our school.,that和who都可指人，什么时候只能用who呢？,先行词为,those,anyone,one,the one,等不定代词并且,指人,时，且,关系词要,在从句中做,主语,时,，关系词只能用who，不用that。,Those,are devoted to helping the poor,should be respected by all of us.,who,whose-,先行词,既可是人，也可是物,；whose在,从句中,担当,定语,的成分。,I sat next to,a girl.,The girl,s,name was Diana.,I sat next to,a girl,whose,name was Diana.,The book,is mine.,The book,s,cover is red.The book,whose,cover is red,is mine.,The book,whose,cover is red,is mine.,The book,the cover,of which,is red is mine.,of which,the cover,I have a friend,whose son is fond of,making sculptures.,I have a friend is fond of,making sculptures.,注意：,whose引导定语从句时，可以转换成其他的表达方法。,指人时，whose=,the,+名词+of whom；,of whom+the+名词,指物时，whose=,the,+名词+of which；,of which+the+名词,关系代词as既可指人，也可指物；在从句中做主语，宾语，或表语的成分。,特殊之处,：先行词前往往有,the same,so,such,as来修饰。,This is,the same,book,as,I lost yesterday.,This is,such,a difficult problem,as,I cant solve.,This is,the same,book,that,I lost yesterday.,相似的事物,同一事物,This is,such,a difficult problem,that,I cant solve it.,This is so heavy a bag,I,cant lift it.,This is so heavy a bay,I,cant lift.,It is such an interesting book,we all like.,It is such an interesting book,we all like it.,关系代词的省略,当关系代词,which，that，who，whom,在从句中充当,宾语,成分是，是可以省略的。,The school uniform,which/that,my teacher,gave to me isnt fit for me.,定语从句中的主谓一致关系,Tom is one of the students,who,were,praised by the teacher yesterday.,Tom is the only one of the students,who,was,praised by the teacher yesterday.,分隔式定语从句,定语从句一般紧紧的跟在所修饰的先行词后，然而在使用中，有时从句和先行词之间会谓语或状语等被隔开，这就是分隔式定语从句。,There are many thousands of,stars,in the skythat are like the sun.,The day,was gone,which we spent,playing lightheartedlly.,All,is not gold,that glitters.,解题技巧-瞻前顾后,瞻前,-观察先行词是指人还是指物，缩小选 择范围,顾后,-分析关系词到底在句中充当什么成分，判断是用关系代词还是关系副词。,关系代词,指代的先行词,充当从句的成分,who,人,主语、宾语,whom,人,宾语,which,物,主语、宾语,that,人或物,主语、宾语、表语,whose,人或物,定语,as,人或物,主语、宾语、表语,1.The girl _is standing,next to our teacher,is her daughter.,2.The girl _our teacher is talking with,is her daughter.,3.The girl_ mother is from Britain can speak,English,very well.,4.I cant find the book _is borrowed from,the library.,5.I cant find the book _you lent to me.,6.Have you read the book _author,is a high school student?,7.I used to study in a classroom _windows,were all broken.,who/that,(,whom/who/that),whose,which/that,(,that/which),whose,whose,The scientist,who,we met yesterday,is very famous,whom,in the world.,that,(2)The dress is new.She is wearing it.,The dress,which,she is wearing,is newthat,(1)The scientist is very famous in the world.We met her yesterday.,巩固练习：,1.,用定语从句合并句子,(3)He is the kind person.,I have ever worked with him.,(4)This is the best film.I have ever seen this film.,He is,the kind person,who,I have ever worked with,.,whom,that,This is,the best film,that,I have ever seen,.,He lives in the house.,The windows of the house face south.,He lives in the house,whose,windows face south.,