Better-known-as-Mark-Twain.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Better Known As Mark Twain,以马克吐温知名,Translation,商英,0904,周倩，段杨柳，王纯，邹英来,周倩部分,This,remarkable,man went to a log-cabin school until he was twelve years old.That was the end of his formal education.In spite of this,，,honorary,degrees from Oxford University and Yale University.,People,speak of him as,the best known humorous writer of all times.,直到十二岁时，这个非凡的人才走进原木小屋 式的学校,那是他接受正规教育的结束。尽管这样，它却获得了牛津大学的和耶鲁大学的荣誉学位。,人们一直称赞他为最有名的幽默作家,。,remarkable,:,值得注意的,;,异常的,;,非凡的,显著的,.,e.g:This area is,remarkable for it scenery.,honoray,:,荣誉的；无报酬的，,义务的；被当作,成员,.,e.g:She was treated as an honorary man.,speak of sb as,:,称赞某人为,He also brought realism and western local color to American fiction.He made millions of dollars by writing articles,short stories,and books.His real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens,but he,is,better,known,all over the world,as,Mark Twain.,他也给美国小说带来了现实主义和西部地方色彩。他通过写文章、短篇故事和书籍赚得数百万。他的真名是塞缪尔,朗赫恩,克莱门斯，但是他却以马克吐温之名享誉世界,。,be known as,：以,知名,Mark Twain was born in a small Missouri village near the Mississippi River in 1835.At that time,Andrew Jackson was the president of the country.Abraham Lincoln was still a young farm laborer in Illinois.The first railroad had been built seven years before.The Industrial Revolution was at hand.,马克吐温于,1835,年出生在密苏里州密西西比河 畔的一个小乡村里。那时候，安德鲁,杰克逊是国家总统。亚伯拉罕,林肯还是伊利诺斯州的一个年轻的雇农。七年前第一条铁路修建。工业革命即将到来。,The economic,collapse,of American,prosperity,called the Panic of 1837,still lay ahead.,This was also the literary period later called the“New England,Renaissance,.”,美国繁荣经济的崩溃仍然展现在眼前，这就是,1837,年的局促不安的局面。,它也被称为是文学后期的“新英格兰革命”。,collapse,:,vi,倒塌,崩溃,突然失败,e.g,：,The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.,(,工作劳累后,),坐下,躺下放松,e.g,:,When I get home,I liked to collapse on the sofa,and listen to music.,降价,贬值,暴跌,折叠,套缩,;,(,肺或血管,),萎陷,失去自我控制,神志不清,;,(,身体等,),垮掉；病倒,;,n,倒塌,崩溃,;,垮台,;,失败,;(,身体的,),衰弱，体力不支；,vt,使倒塌，使坍塌；使瓦解,折叠,prosperity,:,繁荣；,成功,。,e.g,：,a scene of,prosperity,；,Adversity leads to,prosperity,renanissance,:,文艺复兴，文艺复兴时期,Mark Twain was not a healthy baby.In fact,he was not expected to,live through,the first winter.But with his mothers,tender,care,he managed to survive.,马克吐温并不是一个健康 的婴儿。事实上，他并未被预料到能渡过第一个冬天。但是在他母亲的细心照料下，他幸存了下来。,live,through:,经历,灾难而幸存,e.g:He,managed to,live through,two world,wars.,通过,e.g:The,opening ceremony of the Olympic Games will be televised,live through,television satellite.,tender,：,投标,（,tender,document,）；,柔嫩的,（,tender,sprouts,）；,细心的,He had been born in a tiny two-room cabin.Eight people lived together there.He had four brothers and sisters.A Slave girl lived with them too.,马克吐温出生于一个两室小屋里，八个人住在一起，他有四个兄弟姐妹，一个女奴也和他们住在一起。,As a boy,Mark Twain caused much trouble for his parents.He used to play practical jokes on all his friends and neighbors.The nature of his jokes often led to violence.,小时候，马克吐温给他的父母带来了许多麻烦。他过去常常和朋友、邻居开玩笑。玩笑经常会引发暴力。,used to do sth,:,过去常常,used to doing sth,:,习惯于,e.g,；,Were used to the noise from the traffic now.,He hated to go to school,and he constantly ran away from home.He always went,in the direction of,the nearby Mississippi.He was fascinated by that mighty river.,他讨厌上学，总是离家出走。他经常朝着密西西比河附近走去。马克吐温对那浩荡的河流颇感兴趣。,In the direction of,:,朝,方向走去,mighty,:,强而有力的，巨大的，非凡的,e.g:He struck him with a mighty blow across his shoulder.,He liked to sit on the,bank,of the river for hours,at a time,and just gaze at the mysterious islands and passing boats and rafts.He was nearly drowned nine different times.,他喜欢在河畔坐上几个小时，仅仅注视着神秘的小岛和过往的船只、竹筏。他有九次险些被淹死,。,at a time,:,一次,每次；在某个时刻,bank,:n.,赌博的赌本；河岸，河畔；库存,a bank of knowledge a databoank,田埂，斜坡,e.g:The girls run down the steep grassy bank.,积云，积雪,v存钱；开账户；飞机倾斜飞行；堆积；用煤封住炉火,拓展词组,：,a bank of,：,一系列,bank on sb/sth,：,依靠，指望,He learned many things about the river during those days.,He learned all about its history and the unusual people who rode up and down it.,He never forget those scenes and those people.,He later made them part of the history of America in his books Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn.,在那期间，马克吐温了解到了许多关于这条河流的东西。,他也了解到它的历史和那些乘船来来往往的人们。,他从未忘记过那些场景和人们。,后来，马克吐温把这段美国的历史部分写入了他的书,汤姆,索亚历险记,、,哈克贝利,芬历险记,。,段杨柳部分,Mark Twain,inherited,his,genius,for humor from his mother.Obviously,he did not inherit it from his father.He once,stated,that he had never seen a smile on his fathers face.,马克吐温幽默的天分遗传他的母亲。很显然，不是继承他父亲的,，因为他曾经说他从未看到他父,亲笑过,。,inherity,:,继承（金钱,财产等）经,遗传获得（品质，身体特征等）,eg:He has inherited his,mothers patience.,genius,:,天才，天资，天赋，才华,genius for sth/for doing sth,sbs good/evil genius,给人以好（或坏）影响的人,state,:n.,状态，情况 国家 州，邦,adj.,国家提供的 州的，,邦的,v陈述，说明，声明 规定，公布,On the other hand,his mother had the rare ability to say humorous things with perfect,innocence,.This same ability made Mark Twain an extremely humorous public speaker.,另一方面，他的母亲讲话很幽默，常常逗得人们哄堂大笑，而自己则一本正经，实属难得。这种遗传的才华使得马克吐温成为了一个非常幽默的演说家,。,innocence,:,无辜，清白，无罪 天真，纯真，单纯,in all innocence,完全没有恶意,After his fathers death in 1847,.Mark Twain left school and became a printers,apprentice,.His mother felt that he could make a living and get some education in this way.,1847,年，他父亲去世后，马克吐温辍学去了一家印刷厂当学徒。他妈妈认为这样他不仅可以养活自己同时还可以学到一些东西。,apprentice,：学徒，徒弟 当学徒,apprenitce sb(to sb)(as sth),使某人当（某人的）学徒,He worked for the printer as an apprentice for two years.During that time he received only his,board,and clothes as pay.,在印刷厂做学徒的那两年期间，他的报酬仅仅是膳食费和衣服。,board,:n.,板，木板 董事会，委员会 伙食，膳食费用 舞台,v.,上船（飞机，火车）付费 寄宿,on board,be above board,go by the board,take sth on board,By 1853,Mark Twain was tired of Missouri.He,got an urge to,see the world and,started out with,empty,pockets.He worked as a printer in St.Louis,New York,and Philadelphia.Then,as a result of,reading a book,he decided to go to the,upper part,of the Amazon River.,到了,1853,年，马克吐温对密苏里的生活感到了厌倦，他迫切地想去看看这个世界，于是身无分文的就出发了。他在圣路易斯、纽约、费城做过印刷工。后来，受一本书的影响，他决定去亚马逊上游。,get an urge to,:,渴望去做,；迫切去做,start out with,：出发,empty,：空的,as a result of,：由于，为了,upper part,：上游,He,planned to make a fortune by,collecting and selling cocoa.His only problem was money for the trip.That problem was solved in an unusual way.He found a fifty-dollar bill on the sidewalk and left for Brazil the next day.He got as far as the Mississippi River and then ran out of money.,一路上他通过收集、出售可可豆来创造财富。,因为他旅途的唯一存在的问题就是钱。这个问题最后被以一种不同寻常的方法解决了。他在人行道上捡到了,55,美元，然后在第二天去了巴西。他尽快的又去了密西西比河，然后用完了这些钱。,planned to make a fortune by,：计划通过,发财,王纯部分,Next Mark Twain decided to become a,river-boat,pilot on the Mississippi.He followed his new profession for fifteen months.He memorized all the turns,shallow spots,and dangerous rocks in the 1200 miles from St.Louis to New Orleans.,接下来的日子马克,.,吐温决定在密西西比河做领港员。在他从事了,15,个月的新职业后，他熟知了从圣踢易到新奥尔良,1200,公里所有的路径，浅水地和危险的暗礁。,river-boat,河船，内河船,He,learned about,the pride and responsibilities of the pilots.He became an excellent pilot.However,his wife as a pilot,came to a,sudden,end,.,他了解到了作为一个,领港员的价值也责任义务。随后，他变成了一位非常杰出的领港员。然而,，,他的领港员生涯突然终止了,。,learn about,了解,了解到,打听,eg:I like reading historical stories because I can learn about the lives that people led long ago.,came to an end,结束，终止，完结,eg:All good things came to an end.,Civil War,美国内战,Confederate Army,南方联盟军,The river was closed to navigation at the outbreak of the,Civil War,.Then he joined the,Confederate Army,but shortly after that,his company was disbanded.He did not join the army again.,因为，这条河的航线地区突然爆发了内战随后，他加入了南方联盟军。但是不久后，他参加的军队解体了。从此，他就再也没有参加过任何军队。,He followed his brother Orion to Nevada in 1861 and,consequently took up,his next profession.He became a,miner,in this,frontier,region.During this period,he started to write short articles.,1861,年他跟随他的兄弟欧莱恩去了内华达，因而开始从事他新的职业。他做了内华达边界地区的一名矿工。在这段时间里，他开始写短篇小说,。,conseqently,因而，所以,take up,开始从事，拿起,eg:When did you take up Japanese?,miner,矿工，坑道,frontier,边界，地区,The publisher of the Enterprise in Virginia City,Nevada,recognized Mark Twains ability and offered him a job as an editor with a salary of$25 a week.,内华达费吉尼亚城出版公司发觉了马克,.,吐温的写作才华与潜能，以一个星期,25,美元的待遇提供给了他一份编辑的工作。,rough,崎岖不平的,He walked 125 miles over bad roads and,rough,country to accept the job.It was at this time that he adopted the pen name“Mark Twain”.,为了从事这份工作，他行走了,125,公里崎岖不平的地区。也正是在这个时候，他采用了马克,.,吐温这个笔名。,Later Mark Twain worked in San Francisco for a while and then became a miner again.In his spare time,he wrote a short story called“The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.”,在旧金山工作一段时间后，马克,.,吐温再次做了一名矿工。在闲暇的时间里，他写了一篇名为,加州卡拉维拉斯郡著名的跳蛙,的小说。,This story made him known all over the country,and he decided to become a full-time writer and lecturer.He went to New York in 1867 and published in 1869.,这篇小说使他闻名于整个国家。这篇小说使他闻名于整个国家。随后，他决定做一个专业的作者和演讲者。,1867,年他去了纽约，,1869,年出版了小说,。,It was a report of his European tour as a Westerner saw it.It was a completely new kind of travel book.It gave him a national reputation.,这篇小说讲述了他作为一个西方人在欧洲的所见所闻。这是一本有全新视角的旅游书籍，它让他闻名于整个国际。,邹英来部分,devoted to,1.,把,专用于,完全用于,(,某事或做某事,)2.,致力于,throughout,prep,自始至终,;,在,期间,;,遍及,地域,;,遍及,场所,adv,处处,;,始终,;,在所有方面,In 1870,Mark Twain was married to Olivia Langdon in Elmira,New York.It was an extremely successful marriage.They were,devoted to,each other,throughout,their lives.,在,1870,年，马克,吐温和奥莉维亚,兰登在纽约的埃尔米拉结婚了。这是一个非常成功的婚姻。他们至始至终专注彼此的生活。,His wife Olivia had a,strong,and lasting influence on his writing.She,was,always,careful to,remove all of the bad words.He always accepted her changes without,argument,.,strong,强有力的,;,牢固的,;,坚定的,;,强烈的,;,深刻的,;,擅长于,的,;,对,很热心的,be careful to do sth.,小心去做某事,argument,争论,争吵，辩论；说理,论证；论据,论点,理由,他的妻子奥莉维亚深刻持久地影响着他的作品。她总是小心的移除所有不好的言词。他总是接受她没有理由的变化,。,Sawyer,锯木匠,漂流水中的树木,显赫天牛,(,其幼虫钻木为穴,),Yankee,美国人；美国北方诸州的人,Arthur,亚瑟(中世纪传说中的不列颠国王,圆桌骑士团的首领),Court,庭院,院子；法庭,法院；宫廷,宫室；球场,In the years following his marriage,he wrote the books for which he is most famous:Tom,Sawyer,in 1876,Huckleberry Finn in 1884,A,Connecticut,Yankee,in King,Arthur,s,Court,in 1889.,在他结婚以来的日子里，他所写的书，非常著名的有：,汤姆,索亚历险记,（,1876,），,哈克贝里,芬历险记,（,1884,），,在亚瑟王朝的,康涅狄格州,美国佬,（,1889,）。,have no business,无权,(,不该,),(,做某事,),vast,巨大的,广大的,广阔的,大量的,Unfortunately,Mark Twain,had no business,ability at all.He made,vast,profits from writing and lecturing,but time after time,he lost money in bad investments.,遗憾地是，马克,吐温根本没有经商头脑。他从写作和演讲里得到的巨大利润，但是他投资屡次失败。,entire,全部的,整体的,fortune,机会,运气,转机；前途,;,命运；事情,转变；庞大的财富,财产,take the responsibility,承担责任,He finally lost his,entire fortune,in the publishing business in 1895.He,took the responsibility,for all his debts.He wrote large numbers of stories in order to pay those debts.,在,1895,年他最后失去他在出版社事业的全部财产。他对他所有的债务承担起责任。他写了大量的小说是为了偿还这些债务,。,tour,旅行,游历,around,在周围,在附近；到处,四周；大约,tremendous,极大的,巨大的；绝妙的,极棒的,He made a successful,tour,around,around,the world.He was finally able to pay.Despite the,tremendous,effort this had required,he had been able to keep his health.,他成功地周游世界。他最终还清了债务。尽管这付出巨大的努力，但是他能保持了他的健康。,tragedy,惨事,灾难；悲剧,previously,1.,事先,;,以前,2.,仓促地,;,不成熟地,His life had worse,tragedies,than the financial ones,however.His wife Olivia died in 1904.Three of his children had died,previously,.,无论如何，他一生有比财政更悲惨的事。他的妻子奥莉维亚死于,1904,年。他的三个孩子死的比他早。,At the age of seventy,his hair was completely white.He decided to buy fourteen white suits and a hundred white neckties.He wore nothing but white from head to foot until his death in Redding,Connecticut on April 21,1910.,在他,70,岁时，他的头发全白了。他决定买,40,套白色的衣服和一百条白领带。他不穿别的但是从头到脚都是白色的，直到,1910,年,4,月,21,日他死在康涅狄格州的雷丁,。,