会考复习专题之时态.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,初三英语会考,复习专题之,时态,一、一般现在时态,1,、定义：,表示主语,经常性,或,习惯性,的动作或状态，或表示主语具有的,性格,或,能力,。,2,、谓语结构,动词原形,或,三单现,Examples,1.My mother,(get)up early every day.,get,s,（习惯性动作）,2.I,(like)sports.,like,（性格）,3.Tom,（,can,）,speak good,Chinese.,can,（,能力,）,二、一般过去时态,1,、定义,表示,过去某个时间里,发生,的动作或状态；,过去习惯性、,经常性,的动作、行为；,过去,主语所具备的,能力,和,性格,。,2,、谓语结构,动词的过去式,3,、动词过去式的构成,(1).,规则变化,a.,一般的，直接在动词,末尾加,-,ed,如,work,work,ed,;,b.,以字母,e,结尾的动词变,过去式，在动词末尾直接加,-d,。,如，,like,like,d,；,c.,以,辅音字母加,y,结尾,的,动词变过去式时,先,变,y,为,i,再,加,-,ed,。,如,study,stu,d,ied,;,d.,以,重读闭音节结尾,的,动词变过去式时，先双写动,词末尾的,辅音字母,，再加,-ed,.,如，,stop,stop,ped,;,2.,不规则变化,见九年级教材末页动词,不规则变化表,。,动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事；,be,用,was,或用,were,have,has,变,had,；,谓语动词过去式，过去时间坐标志；,一般动词加,-,ed,，若是特殊得硬记。,否定句很简单，主语之后,didnt,添；,疑问句也不难，,did,放在主语前；,若谓语之前有,did,，谓语动词需还原；,动词若是,was,were,否定就把,not,添。,巧记一般过去时态,Here is Jims and Bills letters.Lets help them to complete the letters.,Dear Bill,How _(is)your school trip yesterday?_(Do)you _(go)to the zoo?_(do)you take any photos?_(Do)you _(see)any interesting animals?I _(go)to the zoo last year and it _(is)a lot of fun.,Jim,was,Did,go,Did,Did,see,went,was,Examples,Dear Jim,My school trip _(is)great!We _(have)so much fun!We _(go)to Green Park.We _(climb)the mountains there and _(see)a lot of flowers.We _(eat)our lunch under some trees and _(play)some games after that.But at about two oclock,it _(get)very cloudy and we _(worry)it would rain.Luckily,it _(do not),and the sun _(come)out again!,Bill,was,had,went,climbed,saw,ate,played,got,worried,didnt,came,（一）,.,含义,：,我正在做作业。,Im _ my homework now.,他们在操场上踢足球。,Theyre _ soccer on the playground.,这些天来，我们在做一架模型飞机。,We are _ these days,.,playing,doing,making a model plane,三、现在进行时态,1.,表示,现在（说话瞬间）,正在,进行或发生的动作。,2.,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动,或现阶段正在进行的动作。,（二）、谓语结构,系动词（,am/is/are,）,+,现在分词,（三）、常用的时间状语：,now现在,),look,（,看,）,listen,(,听,),1.,格林先生现在正在写一个故事。,2.,看！他们正在吃早饭。,3.,听！这个女孩正在唱歌。,Mr.Green,is writing,a story,now,.,Look!,They,re having,breakfast.,Examples,Listen!,The,girl,is singing,.,What,were,you,doing,at eight last night?,I,was taking,a shower.,What,was,she,doing,at the time of,the rainstorm?,She,was doing,her homework.,Grammar Focus,你能总结出句子中包含的时态吗？,表示在,过去某一时刻,或,一段时间内,正在,进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外,一般用时间状语来表示。,四、过去进行时态,1,、,定义,2,、,谓语结构,was/were+,现在分词,（,doing,）,A:What,you,at eight last night?,昨晚八点你在干什么？,B:I,a shower.,我,(,当时,),在淋浴。,A:What,he,when the rainstorm came?,暴风雨来的时候他在干什么？,B:He,in the library when the rainstorm came.,暴风雨来的时候他在图书馆看书。,Examples,were,doing,was,taking,was,doing,was,reading,五、一般将来时态,Will,people,have,robots,in the future?,Whats this?,A robot,.,(,三,),、,There be,There be,句型的一般将来时态：,1.There will be,2.There is/are going to be,(,二,),、一般将来时态的,谓语结构,：,1.will do,2.,shall,do(,主语为第一人称,),3.be going to,(,一,),、一般将来时态的,含义,Examples,：,Fill in the blanks,.,1.I,(buy)a new pen,tomorrow.,will buy,2.They,(not,go)to,Beijing,next year.,wont go,3.There,(be)more trees,in the future.,will be,4.How soon,your father,(,come)back,?,will,come,一般将来时态,how soon,常与一般将来时态连用,Exercises,根据下面图片的内容，分组,进行讨论。然后根据讨论内容，,以,Lives in the future,为标题，写,一篇短文。,要求：（,1,）、语言流畅，时态、,语法、逻辑正确；（,2,）、词数不少,于,60,词。,What,will lives in the future,be like?Can you,make some predictions,?,There will be,People will/wont,Discussion,Lives in the future,I think that our lives in the future,will be,more beautiful and better.,There will be,more trees and less pollution.,People,will be,healthier,and,maybe people,will,live,to be 200 years,old.People,wont use,money,perhaps everything,will be,free.Kids,wont go,to,school,they,will study,at home on computers.,People,will have,robots in their,homes,and,they,can help people a lot with housework.,I hope that my dreams,will come,true in the,future!,（一）、含义,1.,表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作,对现在造成的影响或结果。,e.g.Have you had your lunch yet?,Yes,I have.Ive just had it.(,现在,我不饿了。,),2.,表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。,六、现在完成时态,e.g.I havent seen her these days.,Ive known Bob for three years.,Ive been at this school for over,two years.,（二）、常用的时间状语,already,yet,just,ever,never,before,(,三,),、谓语结构,现在完成时是由“,助动词,have/has+,动词的过去分词,”构成的，规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，,不规则动词的过去分词则需逐个记忆,。,()【2013,广西贵港,】,Do you know the movie,Lost in,Thailand,（,泰囧,）,?,Yes.I _ it twice already.Its funny.,A.saw B.see C.have seen D.will see,C,中考链接,()【2013,黑龙江牡丹江,】,Lunch?,No,thanks.I_.,A.will eat B.am eating C.have eaten,()【2013,湖北黄冈,】,Where is Tom?We cant find,him anywhere.,Perhaps he _ home.,A.has come B.is going,C.went D.was going,C,A,比较：,He,has been to,Beijing.,他曾去过北京。,（已离开北京）,He,has gone to,Beijing.,他已经去北京了。,（已在去的路上或已到达北京）,have been to&have gone to,区别,have/has been(to),表示“曾经到过某地”，说话时此人,不在那里,。侧重指,经历,。,have/has gone(to),表示某人“已经去某地了”，说话时此人可能,在路上或已到那里,，反正不在这里。,由,“,for,+,时间段,”,、,“,since,+,过去时间点,”,、,“,since,+,过去时的从句,”,、,“,since,+,一段时间,+,ago,”,。且,for,与,since,引导的时间状语可以相互转换。,由,for,since,引导的现在完成时态,e.g.,My uncle has worked at this factoryfor,ten years.,=My uncle has worked at this factory,since,ten year ago.,Ivelivedhere,since,1990,自从,1990,年以来我就住在这里。,Ihaventseenhim,for,threeyears.,我三年没有看见他了。,此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的,动词必须是,延续性动词,(,否定句除外,),。,1.,这本书我买了,5,年了。,I have,bought,the book for five years.,(),Ive,had,the book for five years.(),句中动词的特点2.,你哥哥参军多长时间了？,How long has your brother joined the army?(,),How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier?(),1.,转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。,borrow keep buy have,put on wear,catch a cold have a cold,get to know,know,get to sleep,sleep,非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换,2.,转化为“,be+,形容词,/,副词,/,介词,/,名词”,begin/start be on,go out be out,close be closed,open be open,get to/arrive/reach be(in),die be dead,leave be away,finish be over,fall sleep be asleep,join be in/be a member of,become be,make friends be friends,come/go/be+,相应的介词短语,Thanks for your listening!,