人教版选修6unit1Grammar.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,课标人教实验版高二,Module 6,Unit 1,虚拟语气,S,ubjunctive,M,ood,(I),GRAMMER,语法,6/25/2026,陈述语气,I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hadnt come back home yet.,祈,使语气,Lets go.Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings.,一,.,语气的分类,英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气,:,陈述语气,祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。,虚拟语气,If I were you,I would not leave her alone.Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon.,条件句表示主句的条件,分真实条件句 和虚拟条件句 两种。,a.,真实条件句,表示条件是真的或有可能实现的,采用陈述语气。,b.,虚拟条件句,表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的,采用虚拟语气。,(The Subjunctive Mood),表示说话人所说的话不是事实,而是一中假设,愿望,怀疑或推测,.,虚拟语气主要用于,if,条件状语从句,也可用于名词性从句等,.,6/25/2026,二,.if,虚拟条件句的概念,由,if,引导的虚拟条件句叫作,if,虚拟条件句,I could easily recognize,if I had seen him before,.,其他虚拟条件句,Without your help,I couldnt have finished my work on time.,三,.if Sentence Structure if,虚拟条件句的结构,a.,表示,与现在事实相反,的假设,b.,表示,与过去事实相反,的假设,c.,表示,与将来事实相反,的假设,1.,虚拟语气用于,条件状语,从句中,(1),表示与,现在事实相反,的假设,条件,状语从句,中的谓语动词用“,过去式,(be,动词的过去式用,were),”,而,主句,中的谓语动词,“,would/should/could/might+,动词原形”。,虚拟语气,If I,were,a boy,I,would,join the army.,What,would,you do if you,won,the lottery?,If I,won,the lottery,I,would,If I,won,the lottery,I,would,buy an expensive,car.,If I,had,a lot of money,I,would,buy a villa.,If I,had,a lot of money now,I,would,travel around the,world.,If it,were,fine now,I,would,go shopping.,a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice.,b.If the world-war _(burst)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,PRACTICE 1:Fill in the blanks.,c.If the policeman _(be not)in that room,it _(be)very dangerous.,d.If I _(be)in your position,I _(ask)for teachers help.,were not,could be,were,would ask,2.,与过去的事实相反,从句的谓语,用,had,过去分词,构成,If I(we,you,he,they),had,过去分词的形式；,主句的谓语,用,should(,第一人称,)/would(,第二、三人称,)/could/might have,动词过去分词。,If he,_,more carefully,he,_,the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,If I _ how to swim,I _ trapped in this island.,had learnt,would not have been,a.If Tom _(be)more careful in the exam,he _(pass)it already.,b.If you _(get)up earlier,you _(catch)the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE 2:Fill in the blanks.,c.If I _(meet)you yesterday,we _(go)to the concert together.,had met,would have gone,3.,与将来事实相反,从句的谓语用,If I(we,you,he,they),动词过去式或,were to do,或,should do,形式,主句谓语用,should(,第一人称,)/would(,第二、三人称,)/could/might,动词原形。,If he,got,up early,he,would be,on time.,假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？,If he,were to,come,what,should,we say to him.,假如他看见我,就会认识我。,If he,should,see me,he,would,know me.,a.If there _(be)no natural resource any more,we _(make)use of nuclear power.,b.What _(happen)if you _(get up)too late tomorrow?,should be,should make,would happen,should get up,PRACTICE 3:Fill in the blanks,c.If Robots _(control)the world some day,here _(be)no friendship.,were to control,would be,主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做,混合条件句,。,例句中从句与过去事实相反,主句与现在事实相反,If you,had asked,him yesterday,you,would,know,what to do now.,If the staff,had been,more careful,the mall,would not be,on fire now.,条件从句,If,从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去时,(were),would/could/should/might+V.(,原,),虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。,条件从句,If,从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,过去,过去完成时,would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,条件从句,If,从句的谓语形式,主句的谓语形式,未来,1.,过去时,2.should+V.,3.were to do,would/could/should/might+V.(,原,),二,.,虚拟语气在,宾语从句,中的用法,1.,在动词,wish,后的宾语从句中,表示与现在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主观愿望,从句通常省略连词,that,。,1),表示对,现在情况的虚拟,:,从句动词用,过去式或过去进行式,(be,动词一般用,were),。,I wish I,were,as tall as you.,I wish I,were,a bird.,I wish every day,were,my birthday.,I wish/wished I,hadnt,eaten so much watermelon.,(2),表示对,过去情况,的虚拟,:,从句动词常用“,had,过去分词”,。,The party was terrible,I wish I,had,never gone to it.,(3),表示对将来的主观愿望,:,从句动词形式为“,would,动词原形”,。,注意,:,主句的,主语,与从句的主要,不能相同,因为主句的主语所期望的从句动作能否实现，取决于从句主语的态度或意愿,(,非动物名词除外,),。,但愿你立刻来。,I wish you would come soon.,I wish it,would,rain tomorrow.,as if/as though,由,as if(as though),或,even though(even though),引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时,从句谓语形式为动词,的过去式,(be用,were),或“,had,过去分词”。,He behaves as if he,owned,the house.,(But he doesnt own it or probably doesnt own it or we dont know whether he owns it or not.),She talks about Rome as though she,had,been there himself.,他,那样对待我,好像我式陌生人似的。,He treats me,as if,I,were,a stranger.,注意,:,如果表示的事情可能会发生,那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。,Even if,she,were,here,she,could,not solve the problem.,关于虚拟语气 辩析,1,关于虚拟语气 辩析,2,关于虚拟语气 辩析,3,关于虚拟语气 辩析,4,关于虚拟语气 辩析,5,句型练习,(,用,If I were you,句型翻译下列句子,),1.,我要是你的话,我就会把英语学好。,2.,如果你昨天来,你就会看见他。,3.,万一明天下雨,我们就不到那儿去。,4.,我希望我十年前认识他。,5.,他对待我就像对待他自己的儿子一样。,Homework,关于陈述语气,1,(The Imperative Mood),用来表示请求，邀请命令，警告或劝告等,.,I am not interested in what you said.Have you ever been to France?What a splendid palace!,What,will,you do if it,rains,tomorrow?,I,will,stay at home if it,rains,tomorrow.,关于陈述语气,2,关于祈使语气,1,关于祈使语气,2,关于,祈,使语气,3,关于祈使语气,4,真实条件句,真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生,其中,if,是如果的意思。,时态关系,句型,:,条件从句 主句,一般现在时,shall/will+,动词原形,If he,comes,he,will bring,his violin.,The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A.will rain,B.rains,C.rained D.is rained,答案,B,真实条件句主句为将来时,从句用一般现在时。,注意：,在真实条件句中,主句不能用,be going to,表示将来,该用,shall,will.,(,错,)If you leave now,you are never going to regret it.,(,对,)If you leave now,you will never regret it.,2),表示,真理,时,主句,谓语动词便不用,shall(will)+,动词原形,而直接,用一般现在时的动词形式。,