中考阅读理解专题讲解课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,中考英语“阅读理解”解题训练,阅读表达,书面表达,20%,听力,17%,单选,13%,词汇应用,翻译句子,17%,完形,8%,各类题型在中考试卷中所占比例,阅读理解,25%,阅读,题干,类型,细节理解,to look for the details,主旨大意,to find out the main idea,推理判断,to infer a conclusion,猜测词义,to guess the meaning,细节理解,推理判断,猜测词义,主旨大意,10%,20%,10%,60%,阅读理解题型所占比例,中考,阅读解题方法,一、逆向解题法,1,、先看题目、找答案,(First look through the questions,then find the answers in the passage),2,、再通看全文核实答案,(Check the answers by reading the whole passage.),此种方法的优缺点是：答题速度快，但正确率相对低一些。,二、正向解题法,1,、先看文章大意,(First look through the passage),段首句,与段尾句,2,、再看题目、找答案,(Read the questions and find out,the answers),指读法,3,、最后通看全文核实答案,(Check the answers),此种方法的优缺点是：答题正确率高，,但较费时。,建议：考试时，可以将第三步放在检查时进行。,如何解答,细节理解,题,？,(To look for details),细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。,解题技巧为：快速捕捉信息，尤其是一些事例、数字等，划出相关句子，进行对照,一般能从原文中直接找到答案。,()1.,Mr.and Mrs.Green,are going to the zoo with their,five-year-old son,.,They have to pay _ for the ticket.,A.fifteen dollars B.thirty dollars,C.forty-five dollars D.sixty dollars,原文再现,：,Ticket Price,Grown-up:$30.00,Children:$15.00,Children under six:free,D,()2.The zoo closes at _,on weekends.,A.5:30p.m B.4:30p.m,C.9:ooa.m D.8:00a.m,原文再现：,Opening time,From Monday to Friday:9:0016:30,Saturday and Sunday:8:00-17:30,A,()3.Some disabled people need robots help to _.,A.take care of themselves,B.talk to other people,C.become scientists,D.do dangerous jobs,原文再现：,In the United States,another kind of robot helps disabled people to take care of themselves in their daily life.,A,For example,It seems that everybody tells lies,well,not big lies,but what we call“white lies”.Telling white lies isnt that bad.Most of the time,people do it because they want to protect a friendship.,()4,、,Which of the following is,not true,?,A.White lies are not big lies.,B.In fact,everybody tells lies.,C.People tell white lies to protect a friendship.,D.White lies are harmful to friendship.,（答案为,D.,答题时要求对每个选项进行回读,确认信息，然后判断。）,如何解答,推理判断,题？,(To infer a conclusion),推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论。包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。,解题技巧为：分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。,常见题式：,1,）,From the passage we know that_.,2,）,From the passage we can infer(,推断）,that_.,3,）,We can guess the writer of the letter may be_.,注意：此类题目无法从原文中找到,一模一样的句子。,()5.Visitors _in the zoo.,A.Mustnt take photos with all animals.,B.Mustnt go close to the dangerous animal.,C.Can give food to the animals.,D.Can throw your things around,.,原文再现：,.You are welcome to take photos with some animals.Keep the zoo clean.Do not feed or go near to the dangerous animals,B,如何解答,主旨大意,题？,(To find out the main idea,),主旨大意题的目的是考查对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。,解题技巧为：找主题句。应先通读全文，理解大意，充分理解主题句的意义。主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。,主旨题常见题式为,：,1.Which is the best title of this passage?,2.The main idea of this passage is_,3.The passage mainly tells us,：,_,For example,Happiness is for everyone,In fact,happiness is always around you,if,you put your heart into it,Happiness is not the same as money,it is,a feeling of your heart,Which of the following is this passage about?,A.Bad luck B.Good luck D.Life,C.Happiness,C.Happiness,如何解答,猜测词义,题？,(To guess the meaning,),猜测词义题主要考查根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。,解题技巧为：通过阅读单词附近的上下文，断定该词的真正含义。要注意单词本义之外的符合题意的含义。,常见题式如下：,1,）,The word“”in the passage probably means_.,2,）,What does the word“”mean_.,3,）,The underlined word means_.,For example,Children like such,creatures,as dogs and monkeys.,The underlined word means_.,A animals B.plants C.Humans D.toys,（答案为,A,。由,dogs and monkeys,可推断出,),链接中考,p.51,Many of us dont pay much attention to the importance of eye,care.It is said that if you take care of your body,then you can surely,be healthy.That is why our eyes should be given a lot of,care.Natural eye care should be put in a number one place.,There are several causes leading to poor eyesight like not,enough food,genes (,基 因,)and aging (,老 化,),Televisions,computers and reading are also the causes of ha-ving poor,eyesight.If you happen to work in front of the computer,it is best to,take a break every once in a while.Something dirty can cause,redness and they will make you feel uncomfortable.It is bad for,your eyes,too.If this happens,the best way is to clean your eyes by,using cold water.You must also try your best to protect your eyes,from harmful thingsFor example,sunglasses are not just for,fashion but they can also serve as a great way to protect your,eyesight from UV_rays.,Eating healthy foods will do good to your eyesight.Remember,that vitamins A,C and E are good for eyes.Try to eat food groups,that have these vitamins.And you should do eye exercises because,exercise protects your eyesight,too.If a person exercises regularly,(,定 期 地,)and eats,the right kind of food,his eyes will stay in,good condition for a long time.,All above are natural ways of eye care that help us keep,healthy eyes.Being happy all the time can be helpful to a persons,eyesight,too.In a word,eye care is very important,no matter how,old a person is.,本文主要讲述了保护眼睛的重要性，以及如何保护眼睛。,(,)61._ is the most important way to protect our,eyes.,A,Natural eye care,B,Taking medicine,C,Seeing the doctor,D,Being happy all the time,A,细节理解题。由第一段最后一句“,Natural eye care should,be put in a number one place.”,可知选,A,。,(,)62.All the following causes can lead to bad eyesight,except _.,A,age,B,height,C,reading,D,computers,B,细节理解题。由第二段第一、二句可知年龄、阅读、,操作电脑都可能引起视力的变化，而身高与视力无关，不是引,起视力变坏的原因，故选,B,。,(,)63.What should you do if you have to work in front of,the computer?,A,Eat healthy foods.,B,Clean the eyes by using cold water.,C,Wear a pair of sunglasses.,D,Have a rest after working for a while.,D,推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知，在电脑前工作,一段时间后，我们应休息一会，故选,D,。,(,)64.What do the underlined words“UV rays”mean?,A,沙尘,B,闪电,C,紫外线,D,超声波,C,词义猜测题。根据生活常识可知，戴太阳镜不仅可以,显得时尚，还可以防太阳照射，故可推测,UV rays,是“紫外线”,的意思。,(,)65.Which is the best title of the passage?,A,Ways of Eye Care,B,Ways of Eye Exercises,C,Ways of Being Happy,D,Ways of Being Healthy,A,主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，本文主要讲述保护眼睛,的方法，最后一段的首句是本文的主题句，故选,A,。,Thank you!,Goodbye,