基本句型.ppt

单击鼠标编辑标题文的格式,单击鼠标编辑大纲正文格式,第二个大纲级,第三个大纲级,第四个大纲级,第五个大纲级,第六个大纲级,第七个大纲级,第八个大纲级,第九个大纲级,单击鼠标编辑标题文的格式,单击鼠标编辑大纲正文格式,第二个大纲级,第三个大纲级,第四个大纲级,第五个大纲级,第六个大纲级,第七个大纲级,第八个大纲级,第九个大纲级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击鼠标编辑标题文的格式,单击鼠标编辑大纲正文格式,第二个大纲级,第三个大纲级,第四个大纲级,第五个大纲级,第六个大纲级,第七个大纲级,第八个大纲级,第九个大纲级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击鼠标编辑标题文的格式,单击鼠标编辑大纲正文格式,第二个大纲级,第三个大纲级,第四个大纲级,第五个大纲级,第六个大纲级,第七个大纲级,第八个大纲级,第九个大纲级,五种基本句型,句子基本成分,I saw a tall boy take your,book just now.,主,谓,宾,定,补,状,主+谓,(,不及物动词,),主+谓,(,及物动词,),+宾,主+系,+,表,五种基本句型：,1,2,3,4,5,主+谓+间宾+直宾,主+谓+宾+宾补,五种基本句型,判断句型结构,1.They have worked in the factory for five years.,主,+,谓,2.My phone is dead.,我手机没电了。,主,+,系,+,表,3.Plants need water.,主,+,谓,+,宾,4.Knowledge gives me power.,主,+,谓,+,间宾,+,直宾,5.We should keep the plants in the shade.,主,+,谓,+,宾,+,宾补,主,+,谓,(,不及物动词,),该句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点是：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词称为不及物动词，后面可跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,1.The sun is shining brilliantly.,阳光明媚。,2.Bathed in the sunshine,we jumped and cheered with joy.,沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴地欢呼雀跃。,3.We all breathe,eat and drink after we were born.,注：不及物动词后不能直接接宾语，需要加介词再接宾语。,如：,He often listens(vi)to the tape carefully and fill in the blanks.,They arrived(vi)in Beijing yesterday.,She waited(vi)for me at the railway station for half an hour.,Please look(vi)at the picture.,即时练,1.,在这种环境下，师生们生活快乐，工作努力。,Under the circumstances,teachers and students _.,2.,龙舟训练营将于,7,月,20,号开始。,The Dragon Boat Training Camp _.,3.,我咳了一夜。,_.,4.,在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。,_.,will open on July 20th,I coughed all night,Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past decade,are living happily and working hard,My dream is to become an English teacher.So I always _ early,reading my English textbooks.,One early morning,something exciting,.I,was reading,in the classroom,when,my English teacher,Mr.Smith,.When he saw me reading so loudly he_.He encouraged me to,harder.He also advised me to read as many books in English as I could.I felt very happy.I believe I will,with the help of my teachers,like Mr.Smith.,study,happen,succeed,come,get up,smile,get up,happened,came,study,succeed,Dream,Mary,smiled,Practice,主,+,谓,(,及物动词,)+,宾,该句式特点为：谓语动词皆为实义动词，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式来充当)，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。,1.As we all know,Chinese paper-cutting has a long history of over 1,500 years.,2.I plan to find a part-time job in a foreign capital company(,外资公司,).,3.I appreciated my maths teachers praise and encouragement.,即时练,1.,她拒绝帮助他们。,_.,2.,他承认他错了。,_.,3.,我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。,_,_.,4.She _(,总是避开,)my eyes.,He admits that he was mistaken,She has refused to help them,I received a letter from my pen friend/pal in Australia,keeps/kept avoiding,主,+,系,+,表,此结构侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词需用系动词表语表明主语性质、特征、状态，多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式、动名词等。,1.It remains to be seen whether an effective solution can be found.,是否能找到有效的解决方案，还将拭目以待。,2.A wide range of paper-cuttings are on show.,大量剪纸在展览。,3.She didnt appear surprised at the news.,即时练,1.,在我看来，布朗夫人看起来很健康。,_.,2.,如今，课外活动正变得越来越受欢迎。,_.,3.,中国对抗新冠病毒的做法证明是有效的。,_.,Nowadays,after-school activities are becoming increasingly popular,As far as I am concerned,Mrs Brown looks healthy,Chinas practice of fighting against the novel coronavirus turned out effective,4.The apple pie that she gave me _(真是好吃).,5.Everything _(看来都不同了).,6.When summer comes,the days _,(变得越来越长了).,7._(天气真热呀)yesterday!,looks/seems different,get longer and longer,How hot it was,tastes really delicious,主,+,谓,(,及物动词,)+,间宾,+,直宾,该句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后。,能跟双宾语的动词常见的有：,ask,bring,take,buy,cost,fetch,give,hand,pass,lend,offer,pay,read,save,send,show,teach,tell,write,等。有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间接宾语前需加介词,for,或,to,。,1.On behalf of my schoolmates,I wish you a safe return.,我代表我的校友们，祝你们一路平安。,2.In the meantime,parents are giving their children too much protection.,3.Could you pass me the salt?,你能把盐递给我一下吗？,注：,1,间接宾语后置与,for,连用的动词有,buy,make,cook,get,choose,sing,find,等,。如：,Uncle Li bought me an English-Chinese dictionary as a birthday present,(,Uncle Li bought an English-Chinese dictionary for me as a birthday present,),2,间接宾语后置与,to,连用的动词有,give,lend,teach,take,return,send,pass,等,。J,ohn lent me some money(,John lent some money to me,),3,间接宾语后置既可与,for,也可与,to,连用的动词有,do,leave,write,bring,等。,He brought me a dictionary,(,He brought a dictionary for,to me,),注：若直接宾语是人称代词时，通常情况下将其置于间接宾语之前。例如：,误：,Please give me them,正：,Please give them to me,即时练,1.,幸运的是，她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。,_.,2.,它给像你我这样的青少年提供了一个享受运动和学习中国文化的机会。,_.,3.她为丈夫做了顿美味的饭菜,。,_.,It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture,Fortunately,she promised me another chance to be interviewed,She cooked her husband a delicious meal,=She cooked a delicious meal for her husband.,4.Could you,_(,去取我的书包,)?,5.My father _(,教会了我骑自行车,)last year.,6.I will _(,为你交电话费,).,taught me how to ride a bike,fetch me my bag/fetch my bag for me,pay the phone bill for you,主,+,谓,(,及物动词,)+,宾,+,宾补,该句式中的谓语虽然是及物动词，但只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾补用于补充说明宾语情况，直接跟在宾语后。宾补可以由名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语来充当。,1.As a matter of fact,he inspires me to major in English in college.,2.Your contribution will certainly make the event a huge success.,3.The air-conditioning keeps us warm.,注：,1.,后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词有,call,name,make,choose,think,，,elect,appoint,等,。,2.,后跟形容词做宾语补足语的动词有,keep,make,find,get,think,等。,3.to do/do/doing作,宾补的情况：,使动用词等,+,宾,+,宾补的总结,see,类（,notice/watch/hear/feel,）,/have+sb+do/doing,get/leave+sb+to do/doing,make/let+sb+do,keep/catch/find+sb+doing,send+sb+doing,使,.,突然进入某种状态,send(,派,)+sb+to do,区别：,1,、,When I passed by,I heard him,the piano.,2,、,Now,let me hear you,the piano for a second time.,3,、,我听见铃声,在响,。,I heard the bell ringing.,4,、,你听见铃声,响过了,吗？,Did you hear the bell ring?,playing,play,to do/do/doing,作补语,区别：,5,、,Shell have you,all the housework if youre not careful.,6,、“,What did Professor Anderson tell you to do?”,“He had us,all morning.”,A.practice B.to practice,C.practicing D.practiced,7,、,If you dont put a fence round your garden,youll have people,in and stealing your fruit.,如果你不在花园周围安上栅栏，就会有人进去偷你的水果。,to do/do/doing,作补语,do/doing,C,walking,区别：,8,、,Get her,for dinner if you can.,9,、,Cant you see it baby?Youve got me,crazy.,10,、,I left her,the decision.,我让她做决定。,11,、,The sad movie left me,.,这部悲惨的电影使我哭了。,12,、,-Why did you go back to the shop?,-I left my friend,there.A.waiting B.to wait C.wait D.waits,to do/do/doing,作补语,to stay,to make,going,crying,A,区别：,13.The news left me,what would happen next.,14.She left me,_,in the rain.,15.Dont leave me,_,it to him.,16.The teacher sent the monitor,_,some chalk.,17.The shots sent the birds,in all directions.,to do/do/doing,作补语,to explain,waiting,to fetch,flying,wondering,to do/do/doing,作补语,总结：,A,see,类动词,+,sb,+,doing,+,do,B,have,+,sb,+,do/doing,一般情况下，,do/doing,意义基本相同，但,若强调动让某人一直做某事,(,如例,6),或表示,have,的主语无意地引起某人可能去做某事,(,如例,7),，,则用,doing,.,C,get/leave,+,sb,+,to do,+,doing,以上涉及的内容均为宾语和宾补之间是主动关系，若宾语和宾补是被动关系呢？,1,、,hear the song,sung,by him.,2,、,keep your mouth,shut,.,3,、,find many trees,cut down,.,4,、,have your hair done up.,Have her handbag,stolen,.,5,、,get the bike,repaired,by Pad.,get my car,started,.,get his leg,broken,.,6,、,leave the work,half-done,.,leave the window,shut/closed/open,.,7,、“,I cant see the blackboard very well.”,“Perhaps you need,.”,A.to examine your eyes,B.to have your eyes examined,C.to have examined your eyes,D.to be examined your eyes,B,1.His brother made him _(cry).,He was made _.,2.We found him _(lie)on the floor.,He was found _ on the floor.,3.He has kept me _(wait)long.,I have been kept _long.,4.The man was caught,.,5.The papers were left,around.,Practice,waiting,selling drugs,lying,宾补,主补,cry,to cry,lying,lying,waiting,即时练,1.,他们选了,Tom,当班长。,_.,2.,大家都认为他是诚实的。,_.,3.,我们把墙涂成了粉色。,_.,4,.,从古代起，人们就把早起视为好习惯。,_,_.,Everyone considers him honest,They made/elected Tom monitor,We painted the wall pink,People have regarded getting up early as a good habit since ancient times,(elect,choose,appoint,make,call,name,等词后面跟表示职位的名词做宾补时，职位名词前不要冠词,）,5.He _(,把书整理好,).,6.Parents _(,给他取名,)Jessie.,7.,老师建议他做一名艺术家。,_,8.,Dont have the water _(run).,9.I noticed a man _(break)into the house and called,the police.,10.I noticed the house _(break)into and called the police.,11.Tom had his leg _(break)in the accident.,12.Her parents left her _ (choose)her own friends.,puts his books in order,named him,The teacher advised him to be an artist.,running,break,broken,broken,to choose,13.His parents passed awayleaving him _(burden)with a lot of debts.,14.The angry boss went away,leaving him _(stand)there.,15.I didnt get the project _(finish)until my boss,returned from his trip to London.,16.I tried to make myself _(understand)but in,vain;the students were still at a loss.,17.The teacher caught the student _(cheat)in the exam.,finished,standing,burdened,understood,cheating,Exercises,让我来试试,1.,判断句型结构。,1)Our country is becoming stronger and stronger.,主,+,系,+,表,2)The sun rises in the east.,主,+,谓,3)The Opium War broke out in 1839.,主,+,谓,4)They decided to hold a class meeting.,主,+,谓,+,宾,5)My father bought me an electronic dictionary.,主,+,谓,+,间宾,+,直宾,让我来试试,6)Mr.,Wang teaches us chemistry.,主,+,谓,+,间宾,+,直宾,7)Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.,主,+,谓,+,宾,+,宾补,8)The boy made his sister cry.,主,+,谓,+,宾,+,宾补,9)Our teacher encouraged us to work hard.,主,+,谓,+,宾,+,宾补,10)Do whatever seems best to you.,主,+,系,+,表,主系表,主谓宾,主谓宾,主谓宾宾,主谓宾宾补,11)I watched TV last night._,12)We live happily together._,13)He lent me his car._,14)The food went bad._,15)We watched them play football yesterday._,2.Find out the pattern of each sentence.,I am Jim.Im a student from Yuqing High School.I like reading and swimming.My favorite subject is English.I study hard.I listen carefully in class.,I like my school very much.The flowers and trees make it so beautiful.I have made many good friends.They are very helpful.I also like teachers here.They are kind and hard-working.They always give us good advice.I often see them working hard in their office.They teach us a lot of knowledge.,I believe that I will have a happy life in the new school.,主系表,主系表,主谓宾,主系表,主谓,主谓,主谓宾,主谓宾宾补,主谓宾,主系表,主谓宾,主系表,主谓宾宾,主谓宾宾补,主谓宾宾,主谓宾,3.Correct mistakes.,1)Her voice sounds beautifully.,2)The whole company was surprising at the news.,3)It seem like a good idea.,4)The lights still on.,5)All the potatoes changed bad.,6)Jim was remained a worker.,beautiful,surprised,seems,are,went,4.,根据中文意思完成句子。,1)The machine _(运转良好)while the clock _(坏了).,2)We _(谈了很多)that night.,3)The rain_(将持续)for long.,4)The English book _,（很畅销）,.,5)She was crying at the corner.,_,（发生什么事了）,?,works well/smoothly,doesnt work,sells well,will last,talked a lot,What had happened,5.,翻译下列各局，并写出所属基本句型。,1),我是一名美国学生，名叫吉姆。,I am an American student,Jim.,2),上周我和家人在北京参观了许多名胜。,Last week,I visited many places of interest with my family in Beijing.,3),在我参观期间，我在北京饭店住了五天。,During my visit,I stayed at the Beijing Hotel for five days.,主系表,主谓宾,主谓,4),这个旅馆给我们提供了很好的服务,。,The hotel offered us good service.,5),他们总是将房间保持得很整洁。,They always keep the rooms clean and tidy.,6),外国游客住在那里很方便。,It is very convenient for foreign visitors to stay there.,主谓宾宾,主系表，,it,作形式主语,主谓宾宾补,6.Use the five basic sentence patterns to write a short passage.,A possible version:,Spring has arrived.Various flowers fragrantly(,芬芳地,)blossom(vi,开花,),which gives the campus great vitality(,活力,).Seen from our campus,the city is gradually coming to life after the outbreak of the novel coronavirus.As students,we should make good use of time to study harder and make our dream come true.,句子分类,I feel lonely,I cant get along well with classmates.,Whats wrong with this sentence?,I feel lonely,I cant get along well with classmates.,大家好我是一个独立的句子。,大家好我也是一个独立的句子。,两个句子一般有这两种关系-,1.并列关系,I feel lonely,I cant get along well with classmates.,I feel lonely,and,I cant get along well with classmates.,I feel lonely,but,I cant get along well with classmates.,我们是平等的！,第一个关系-,2.主从关系,I feel lonely,I cant get along well with classmates.,I feel lonely,for,I cant get along well with classmates.,I feel lonely,because,I cant get along well with classmates.,我是老大,句子分类,1.,简单句,2.并列句,3.复合句,一套句子结构。有且只有一个谓语。,两套或以上句子结构，句子间有并列连词and/but等连接。,主句中又包含一个或多个句子，从句用从属连词引导。,He learns German,.,He learns,English,and,he,enjo,ys,English,music.,He thinks,that,English song is beautiful.,并列句,需把几个意思连接在一起时，可用,分号,或把两个或几个简单句用,并列连词,连接起来，这种结构即构成一个并列句。,用分号：,We fished all day;,we,didnt catch a thing.,用分号，后跟一个连接副词：,We fished all day;,however,we,didnt catch a thing.,用并列连词（如,and,、,but,、,so,、,yet,等,）,We fished all day,but(we)didnt catch a thing.,常用并列连词,coordinating conjunctions,表联合的连词,:,表转折或对比的连词：,表选择的连词：,表因果的连词：,and,when(=and just at this time,就在这时,),等。,but(,但是，可是,),while(,而，却,),yet(,可是,),。,or(,或者,还是；否则,),otherwise(,要不然,),等,。,for(,因为,),so(,因此,),等,其它平行结构：,notbut,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also,would ratherthan(,宁愿,不愿,),rather than(,而不,),as well as(,既,也,),等。,1.when,相当于,and then,just then,at the time,一般放在第二个分句句首,.,We played outside till sunset when it began to rain.,I was about to go to bed when it began to rain.,2.,比较,but,和,however,的用法,He said it was so;he was mistaken,however.,3.while,表示对照关系,He asked his father why he couldnt hatch chickens while hens could.,4.,for,so,连接并列句表示因果关系,for,引导的分句是对前面的句子加以解释或推断,一般用逗号隔开,.,引导的句子不用于句首,.,Someone is coming,for,the dog is barking.,He shook his head,for,he thought differently,so,表示因果关系,It was late,so I must go home.,比较,:so,和,therefore,I know little about it;therefore I cant give you any advice.,改错,1.My roommate was sleeping,we didnt want to wake her up.,答案：,My roommate was sleeping.We didnt want to wake her up./My roommate was sleeping,so we didnt wake her up.,2.I went to bed.Because I was tired.,答案：,I went to bed,because I was tired.,3.We can lie on the grass for a rest,or sat by the lake listening to music.,答案：,We can lie on the grass for a rest,or sit by the lake listening to music.,4.I will be free all the weekend,therefore,either Saturday and Sunday is OK.,答案：,I will be free all the weekend,so,either Saturdaty or Sunday is OK./I will be free all the weekend.Therefore,either Saturday or Sunday is OK.,5.As the lecture is uninteresting and dull,so more and more listeners began to leave答案：去掉,so,。,Bring the flowers into a warm room _ theyll soon open.,I have tried to advise her _ she wont listen.,3.I then realized she had no arms _ legs,just a head,neck and torso.,4.He took the old man not just across the river,，,_ to his home,5.He found it increasingly difficult to read,_his eyesight,was beginning to fail.,and,一、单句填空,灵活运用,but/yet,for,but,or,6.Start out right away,_ youll miss the first train.,7.We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the,storm started.,8.We are going to the bookstore in Johns car.You can,come with us _ you can meet us there later.,9.Some of us dont have mu