读后续写Lem(1).pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,英语高考写作新题型,读后续写,Continuous Writing,Made by Susannazly,考纲解读,一,.,考纲要求,提供一段,350,词以内,的语言材料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所表示关键词,进行续写（,150,词,左右），将其发展成为一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。,二,.,考纲分析,1.,原文材料,350,词以内，所需写文章,150,词左右。,2.,原文多是情节丰富的记叙文，偶尔有少量的议论文。,3.,原文给出,10,处,左右的标有下划线的关键词语，所需写短文应有,5,个以上,。,4.,续写部分分为,两段,，每段,开头语,已经给出。,5.,续写部分为半开放性质。需要我们根据所给短文的情节进行合理的逻辑推理，并使用部分所给词汇，,将阅读和写作紧密地结合起来。,评分标准,一,.,评分原则,1.,本题总分为,25,分,，按,5,个档次给分。,2.,评分时，先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。,3.,词数,少于,130,的,，从总分中,减去,2,分,。,4.,评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：,（,1,）以所给短文及段落开头语的,衔接程度,；,（,2,）,内容的丰富性,和对所标出,关键词语的应用情况,；,（,3,）应用,语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性,；,（,4,）上下文的,连贯性,。,5.,拼写与标点符号,是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际,的影响程度予以考虑。,6.,如,书写,较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。,各档次给分范围及要求,建议,：如果真的是想去拿到,占有优势的,续写的分数，那么一定要每次把自己写的文章去对比一下范文，再看看评分标准，自己哪里做的不好了。比如首先想想看自己是不是按照题目的基本标准写了，尤其词数、关键词的运用；再者自己运用的词汇、句式结构、语法是否丰富；当然，最重要的是我们对文章续写部分的展开一定要是合情合理的，而不是说天马行空，任自己潇洒发挥，结果得不偿失，洋洋洒洒,150,多个词却只有可怜的个位数的分！,续写步骤,（1）,精读文章，确定文章线索,。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过,精读文章,，找到该篇文章的,写作线索,，如是以,时间为线索还是以空间为线索,等，这样有利于考生“顺藤摸瓜（结尾）”。,（2）,仔细审题，明确续写要求,。一般短文后面的“注意”都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生做到“心中有数”。,（3）,回扣原文，揣摩续写思路,。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速,回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路,，同时,结合文章划线词语提示,，确定续写段落的内容。,（4）,拟写草稿，修改错词病句,。在确定了思路和内容之后，,最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词拟写草稿,。拟写时，注意,句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用,，使上下文连贯。,（5）,标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语,。这一点可以帮助考生自己检查关键词的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在,誊写文字,时，务必做到“,字迹工整、清晰”。,读后续写整体应对方法,1.,词数方面,:,词数少于130的，从总分中减去2分。,2.,内容方面,:根据,所给短文的内容和所提供段落开头,所给的语句，,合理,构建新创作部分的写作思路。,3.,语言方面,:语言要融入所提供的语境当中，从,人称、时态、语言风格,等都要流畅自然，并使用,5个以上所标出的关键词语,。,要尽可能多地使用,自己所掌握的语法结构和词汇,，展现自己的语言功底。,4.,文章的完整性方面,:所需写的部分与所给的短文要保持一种,连贯性和整体性,。,5.,标点符号的使用,:在读后续写这类文章中，要特别注意,标点符号,的使用。因为续写的内容，数量比较大，很有可能要用到引号、冒号等标点符号 所以平时多观察一下，以便能,准确使用它们,。,6.,画出使用过的短语,:续写完成后，请记着,用下划线标出,自己使用过的关键词。一定要用到5个以上。,那年的样题，我们一起来分析,第二节：读后续写（满分25分）,阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。,A funny thing happened to,Arthur,when he was on the way to work one day.As he walked along,Park Avenue,near the First National Bank,he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car.He tried again and again but couldnt get the car moving.Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried.Arthur stopped and asked,“It looks like youve got a problem,”Arthur said.,“Im afraid so.Im in a big hurry and I cant start my car.”,“Is there something I can do to help?”Arthur asked.,The young man,looked at the two,suitcases in the back seat,and then said,“Thanks.If youre sure it wouldnt be too much trouble,you could help me get these suitcases into a taxi.”,“No trouble at all.Id be glad to help.”,The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat.After placing it on the ground,he turned to get the other one.Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase andstarted walking,he heard the long,loud noise of an alarm,.,It was from,the bank,.There had been a,robbery,(抢劫),!,Park Avenue had been quieta moment before.Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and,the shouts,of,people,running from all directions.Cars stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank.People asked each other,“What happened?”But everyone had a different answer.,Arthur,still carrying the suitcase,turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him.She looked at the suitcase and then at him.Arthur was surprised.“Why is she looking at me like that?”He thought.“The suitcase!She thinks Im,the bank thief,!”,Arthur looked around at the crowd of people.He became frightened,and without another thought,he started to run.,注意：,1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；,2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；,3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；,4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。,Paragraph 1:,As he was running,Arthur heard the young man shouting behind,“Stop,stop!”,_,Paragraph 2:,The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur.,_,读后续写的写作技巧,01,一、从一下五个角度，整理出续写部分的主要情节和次要情节:,I.综合一下三个因素，推断判断出续写的,主要情节,:,技巧1,从原文中整理出35个小的情节，从中推断出续写的主要情节。,读后续写的,原文,是一篇,350,词以内的语言材料，这是我们,进行文章续写,最重要的依据,。这么长的文章提供了足够多的信息，我们可以把原文,删繁就简,，从,中提炼出,35,个情节，,据此,去推理想象下一步的发展情节。,技巧2,根据两个段首语来推理情节。,两个,段首语,是最重要的续写提示，它们在很大程度上,控制着情节的发展方向,。因此我们要特别重视。而且,第二段的段首语对第一段的续写内容有提示作用,。,就那,样题,来说，样题的,第二段段首语,是,The,taxi,stopped in front of,the Police Station,and Arthur.,从中我们就可以提取到很多有用的信息：,a.,在,第一段,续写内容中,应该提及,Arthur,乘坐了,taxi,，,目的地是,the police station,；,b.,既然,Arthur,的,目标是警察局,，那就可以推出他手中的,suitcase,有可能与银行的抢劫案有关,；,c.,既然,与银行抢劫案有关,，而箱子又是从,the young man,的车里得来的，那么这个,小伙子就有可能是嫌疑犯,；,所有上述的信息，都是,从段首语中,直接或者间接推理出来的，因此大家一定要,重视段首语所提供的信息,，它们在很大程度上指导着情节发展的主要方向。,技巧3,根据关键词来推理文章的情节发展,。,原文中的关键词一般有,10,个左右，并不是都能用上。,部分关键词对预测下文的内容是很有导向性作用的。,如,样题,中的,the young man,suitcase,the bank,robbery,the bank thief,等，因而它们都很有可能在下文中用到；而其他关键词的导向性就相对弱一点，因而能用上的可能性就相对小一些。当然，,根据不同的情节，用到的关键词也不一样。,II.利用,其他因素,，整理出续写部分的,次要情节,:,技巧4,根据故事的发展，合理地丰富、有条理地增加一些次要情节。,在续写文章的过程中，我们可以在,不影响主要情节的前提下,，,合理的增加一些内容，作为续写的次要情节，,如在高考,样题,的第二段中,关于,Arthur,向警察汇报的部分,，他,汇报的内容、顺序，以及他的一些动作、表情,等，我们可以,适当丰富，斟酌续写,。,技巧5,根据生活常识或者社会经验，丰富一些文章的细节。,在续写的时候，同学们还可以把自己的,生活常识和积累,，有机的杂糅在作文中，从而使得字的文章有血有肉，内容丰富。比方说,样题,中，,Arthur,在找出租车的时候，他的一些做法，如边跑边喊、人上了车里，箱子也放在了车里，以及和出租车司机的解释等等，,都是可以充分描写的。,再比方说，在,样题,的,第二段,中，,银行发生了抢劫案，银行人员很有可能会在第一时间报警。因此，警察很可能已经知道了银行抢劫案的事情了,。这个描写也可以写到作文中去。,I.,原文内容摘要,情节,1,Arthur,to the work,Park Avenue,;,情节,2 a young man couldnt start a car,worried;,two suitcases,were,in the back seat,;,the young man,accepted offer of help;,情节,3 Arthur heared,loud noise of people,;,the bank,robbery,;,the shouts,of,people,;,情节,4 a young woman in front of thinks Arthur is,the bank thief;,Arthur ran away,II.,续写情节推理,Paragraph 1,：,可能的发展情节,从,Arthur,和,the young woman,不可能,是罪犯，可推知：,the young man was the bank thief,从,Paragraph 2,的段首语,可知：,Arthur took a taxi,go to the police station,从,生活常识,可推知：,Arthur into a taxi,suitcase in the taxi,Arthur,和,taxi drive,之间会有对话,可用词汇和篇章技巧,1.,可用的,关键词,the young man,the bank thief,suitcase,2.,其他可用的词语,realize,，,catch a taxi,quickly go to the police station,3.,在描写两人的对话时，要注意,引号,的使用。,Paragraph 2,：,可能发展的情节,从,Arthur,拿着,suitcase,直奔,police station,可推出，,Arthur would,：,report the details,hand in the suitcase,ask the police to arrest the young man,隐藏的情节,the police had already known the robbery,可用的篇章技巧和词汇,1.,可用的关键词,the bank,robbery,suitcase,2.,其他可用的词语,commit acrime,punishment,arrest,contain the money,3.,在描写,Arthur,汇报的内容时，要斟酌好内容和顺序,参考范文：,As he was running,Arthur heard the young man shouting behind,“Stop,stop!”,And also at the moment,Arthur,suddenly realized that,the young man,might be the bank robber.So Arthur didn,t stop,but continued to run until he saw a taxi.,He stopped it,jumped in with the suitcase and said to the driver,“Go to,the police station,please.The man shouting behind is,the bank thief,!,”,The taxi raced away like the wind.,The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur,told the police what had happened.Obviously,the police had already learned about the,robbery,.,They opened the suitcase and there was a large sum of money inside,as Arthur had expected.Then the police,asked Arthur to describe,the young man and the other suitcase.Later,with the information,the police caught the robber.The police and,the bank,both thanked Arthur a lot.(Words 153),二.读后续写的语言方面的写作特点:,技巧1 平时多练续写微作文，找到自己能掌握的句子长度,情节问题讲完后还有一个大问题，,就是,150,个词该怎么去凑,，接下来看几个公式：,7,句,*20,词,=140,词,8,句,*20,词,=160,词,10,句,*15,词,=150,词,15,句,*10,词,=150,词,从这几个公式大家可以看出，如果我们只是写,10,个单词以内的句子，那么就要写,15,句才能完成写作任务，难度大！,但是如果我们能写到,15,个单词、,20,个单词一句，那就只要写,7,到,10,个句子。然后再分成两段来写，每段就只要写,3,到,5,个句子就好了。,技巧2,多种句型反复尝试，找到自己能掌控的句子类型。,英语中有三种类型的句子,-,简单句、并列句、复合句,，自己能掌握哪种要在平时的训练中慢慢把握。在读后续写中，我们可以试试用一些,并列句和复合句,，其实也没有那么难。像,and,，,but,和,or,等并列连词,的使用，,who,，,which,，,when,，,where,等引导的定语从句,，,that,，,what,引导的宾语从句,，,if,，,because,，,when,，,so.that.,等引导的状语从句,，都是比较容易掌握的。,不怕千招会，只怕一招熟！,但是在写作中一定要,牢记一句话：无论是涉及英文句子的类型还是长度，一定只写自己能掌握的句子！我们要做到牢牢掌握全局！,技巧3 平时多注意积累记叙文、故事方面的词汇、句型和句段，丰富自己的记叙类英语语言材料库。,读后续写主要是以,记叙文和故事为主,，因此我们在平时的阅读中就要,多积累一些这方面的语言材料,，无论是词汇、句型、句段以及篇章结构手法，都要储备。比如,描写人物的各种心情,-,高兴、激动、忧伤、失望、愤怒等方面的词汇,；,相关的动作和体态语言的描写等,。这样才会显得我们写出来的文章生动形象，文采斐然。,技巧4 注意续写部分的语言风格要和原文的风格相一致。,这个点就体现在,前后的句式上、语法上是否有关联性,，比如能否,构成排比,，或者,原文在描写某个场景时用的语法我们再次来描写时能不能用上,等方面,技巧5 适当运用一些篇章技巧，重点情节要浓墨重彩。,就是,主次分明,的体现。在续写文章的时候,不要追求雨露均沾,，而是,根据情节的需要,来决定哪一部分需要重点强调,，而,哪一部分可以一带而过,。重点突出的部分就要多写，使用各种,语言技巧,来烘托它。而且重点突出的部分往往是字数会比较多的。当然，有时还有原文中的某些重点内容，,为了情节发展的需要可以,有限度的引用,。,重复,作为一种修辞手法，有时不是啰嗦，而是强调。,典例再分析,第二节：读后续写（满分25分）,阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。,Will you come with us,Susan?cried several little girls to a schoolmate.We are going to the woods;do come,too.,I should like to go with you very much,replied Susan,with a sigh;but I can not finish the task grandmother set me to do.,How tiresome it must be to stay at,home to,work on a holiday!said,Rose,with a toss of her head.Susans,grandmother,is too strict.,Susan heard this remark,and,as she bent her head over her task,she wiped away a,tear,and thought of the pleasant afternoon the girls would spend gathering wild,flowers,in the woods.,Soon she said to herself,What harm can there be in moving,the mark,grandmother put,in the stocking,?The woods must be very beautiful today,and how I should like to be in them!,Grandmother,said she,a few minutes afterwards,I am ready,now.What,so soon,Susan?Her grandmother took the work,and looked at it very closely.,True,Susan,said she,laying great stress on each word;trueI count twenty turns from the mark;,and,as you have never cheated me,you may go and amuse yourself as you like the rest of the day.,Susans cheeks were scarlet,and she did not say,Thank you.As she left the cottage,she walked slowly away,not singing as usual.,Why,here is Susan!the girls cried,when she joined their company;but what is the matter?Why have you left your dear,old grandmother?they asked.,There is nothing the matter.As Susan repeated these words,she felt that she was trying to cheat herself.She had acted a lie.At the same time she remembered her grandmothers words,You have never cheated me.,Yes,I have,cheated,her,said she to herself.If she knew all,she would never trust me again.,注意：,1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；,2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；,3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；,4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。,Paragraph 1:,When the little party had reached an open space in the woods,_,Paragraph 2:,“Now,，,Susan,，,said Rose,，,“Put on the crown of flowers,for you are to be our queen.”,_,_,I.,原文内容摘要,情节,1,Susan,was invited to the woods full of,flowers,but couldnt go,not finfish the work of,grandmother,情节,2,Susan moved,the mark,in the stocking,cheated,her grandmother,情节,3,Susan was allowed to go,with red checks,feeing guilty,Paragraph 1,：,可能发展的情节,从,上文情节,1,和,3,可推知：,other girls enjoy themselves,Susan not happy,从,Paragraph 2,的段首语,可推知：,they made a crown,the crown was for Susan,合理的,细节增加,the reason why the crown for Susan,可用词汇和篇章技巧,1.,可用的,关键词,flowers,，,Rose,2.,其他的可用词语,enjoy oneself,，,but,（,Susan,和她的伙伴们的,心情对比,）,II.,续写情节推理,Paragraph 2:,可能发展的情节,从,情节,3,和,Paragraph 2,的段首语,可推出：,Susan would refuse to wear the crown and explain the reason,可以,详细描述,的情节,Susan,拒绝佩带花环的情节及情感表现,可用词汇和篇章技巧,1.,可用的,关键词,cheated,，,tears,grandmother,home,2.,其他的,可用词语,not deserve,place on the head,apologize,3.,在描述,Susan,的错误时，可以,引用原文中的相关语句,：,remove the mark grandmother put in the stocking,Paragraph 1:,When the little party had reched an open space in the woods,her,companions,ran around,enjoying themselves,;but,Susan sat on the grass,wishing she were at home admitting her fault,.After a while,Rose,cried out,“Lets,make a crown of,flowers,and put it on the head of the best girl here.”Soon the crown was finished.All the girls agreed,Susan was the best girl,both in school and at home,so they decided she was to wear.,Paragraph 2:,“Now,Susan.”said Rose,“put on the crown of flowers,for you are to be our queen.”,As these words were spoken,the crown was placed on her head.In a moment she,took it off,and,threw it on the ground,shouting,“No crown for me;I do not deserve it.”The girls looked at her,with surprise,.“I have,cheated,my grandmother,”said she,while,tears,flowed down her checks,.Quickly Susan left the other girls,went back,home,and apologized to her,grandmother,“Susan,，,”said her grandmother,“I am so happy you have realized your fault,and you are still my own little girl!”,THANKS,