宾语从句训练.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Object Clause,石河子,121,团第一中学 王菊梅,概念：由一个完整的句子充当整个句子的宾语，这个从句就是宾语从句。它一般放在动词、介词或形容词后面。,使用宾语从句时应注意四个方面：,一、语序,无论主句用什么语序（陈述句或疑问句），宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即“主句+连词+宾语从句（主语+谓语+）”句式。,Eg,:They asked me how old I was.,Do you ask him if he can understand that?,应用中应注意：,当主句的谓语动词是,think,believe,guess,say,等词时，一般要把宾语从句的连接代词或副词移到句首。,Eg:Who,do you think comes first?,Why do you say that is wrong?,在某些带有复合宾语的句子中，,that,引导的句子前常加,it,作形式宾语。,Eg,:I find it clear to me that I should study hard.,二、连词,1.如果宾语从句是陈述句，则用连词,that,来引导。,That,本身无实际意义，也不在宾语从句中充当任何成分，因此在口语和非正式文体中常省略。,Eg,:She said(,that)she,would be back in three weeks.,He told the teacher(,that)he,had finished doing his homework.,2.如果宾语从句为一般疑问句，用连词,if,或,Whether,引导。,Eg:I,wonder if(,whether)he,will help me.,注意在下列情况下一般用,whether,而不用,if.,作介词的宾语时，用,whether，,而不用,if.,Eg:I,am interested in whether hell go to have a picnic.,whether,引导的从句可移到主句之前而,if,不能。,Eg:Whether,this is true or not,I am not sure.,后面紧接,or not,时，只用,whether.,Eg:We,didnt know,thether,or not she had come.,用,if,会引起歧义时，只用,whether.,eg,:Please let me know if you like it.(“,请告诉我你是否喜欢”或“如果你喜欢，请告诉我”。),3.如果宾语从句是特殊疑问句，则用连接代词如,who,whose,what,which,和连接副词如,when,where,why,how,引导。,Eg:I,cant tell why he is always late for school.,Do you know who was the first to invent the car?,三、时态的呼应,宾语从句的动词时态在一定程度上受到主句中动词时态的制约。一般应遵循以下三条原则：,如果主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时以及是祈使句，则宾语从句的谓语动词可根据意义或时间状语的需要而用任何一种时态。,Eg,:I know that hell come to China next year.,Please tell me where you went yesterday.,如果主句中的谓语动词是一般过去时，则宾语从句的谓语动词必须用表示过去的某一种时态。,Eg,:Our teacher said that we would move to a new classroom the next week.,He asked me if I had been to the Great Wall.,如果宾语从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然现象或习惯性动作时，则不管主句用何时态，从句一律使用现在时。,Eg:My,teacher told us yesterday that the sun rises in the east.,四、否定转移,当主句的谓语是,think,believe,等动词时，某后作宾语的,that,从句如果否定意义，通常将否定词,not,移至主句动词之前。,Eg,:I dont think he is having a meeting.,一、用正确的连词填空。,1.,The teacher asked Lucy _ she was late for school.,2.We dont know _ it will rain tomorrow.,3.The man wants to know _ she comes from.,4.I dont remember _ the train arrived.,5.Could you show us _ we can turn on the computer?,6.She knew _ she should work hard for the people.,7.Could you tell me _ is the way to the station?,8.Please tell me _ pictures they have drawn.,二、单项选择,1.,Could you tell me _?,A.where,he live,B.where,he lives,C.where,does he live,D.he,lives where,2.He said that he _ speak a little English when he was five years old.,A.might,B.would,C.could,D.can,3.I dont think that the book is very useful,_?,A.do,I,B.is,it,C.doesnt,it,D.isnt,it,4.Excuse me,can you tell me _?,A.when,can I get to the station B.I can get to which station,C.which,station can I get to,D.how,I can get to the station,5.My brother asked me _ kite _.,A.who,this was,B.whose,this was,C.whose,was this,D.who,was this,6.,He asked me _ I knew French.,A.that,B.if,C.as,D.what,7.Do you know who _ with at eight yesterday?,A.he,is talking,B.was,he talking,C.he,was talking,D.is,he talking,8.-What did your mother say,Tom?,-She asked me _.,A.why,my sister is crying,B.why,my sister was crying,C.why,is my sister crying,D.why,was my sister crying,9.He told me that the sun _ in the east.,A.rises,B.raises,C.rose,D.raised,10.Tom asked _ to school late.,A.who,did often come,B.who,often did come,C.who,often come,D.who,often came,参考答案：,一、1.,why 2.if(whether)3.where 4.when 5.How 6.that 7.which 8.How many,二、,1,B2C3B4D5B6B7C8B9A10D,宾语从句的转化和使用是难点，其用法上应注意以下三方面。,一、宾语从句与主句连接问题,1.当宾语从句是一般疑问句、反意疑问句时，构成宾语从句用,if,或,whether,来引导。从句应注意用陈述句语序。,Eg,:Do you go to school early every day?He wants to know,He wants to know if(whether)I go to school early every day.,2.,当宾语从句是陈述句时，用连词,that,来引导。,Eg,:He has been to Japan before.He told me .,He told me that he had been to Japan before.,3.,当,宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，连接词就用原来的疑问词。应注意从句的时态和和语序。,Eg,:How can I get to the bus station?He asked me.,He asked me How he could get to the bus station.,Whats wrong with him?Do you know,Do you know whats wrong with him?,二、直接引语变为间接引语中的问题,1.人称的变化,eg,:He said“You asked me to help her.”,He said that I asked him to her,her,.,2.,时态的变化,eg,:He said to me“I am doing my homework.”,He told me he was doing his homework.,He said“The earth goes around the sun.”,He said the earth goes around the sun.(,注意客观真理时态不变),3.其它变化,this,改为,that,these,改为,those.,eg,:He said“This is my pen.”,He,sais,that was his pen.,now,改为,then,yesterday,改为,the day before,tomorrow,改为,the next day,today,改为,that day,ago,改为,before,在,next week/month,前需加,the.,eg,:He said“I havent seen her today.”,He said he hadnt seen her that day.,He said“I was a worker ten years ago.”,He said he was a worker ten years before.,here,改为,there,bring,改为,take,eg,:He said“I like here.”,He said that he liked there.,He said to,us“You,should bring your schoolbag here next time.”,He told us we should take our schoolbag there the next time.,4.当直接引语是祈使句时，将动词原形变为动词不定式,eg,:He said to us“Sit down.”,He asked us to sit down.,He said“Dont make mistakes again.”,He asked us not to,maked,mistakes again.,三、宾语从句与状语从句的动词时态问题,条件和时间状语从句中应用一般现在时表示一般将来时；宾语从句的时态和主句相关联，,如果主句是一般现在时或将来时以及祈使句，则宾语从句的动词可根据情况用不同时态，如果主句中的动词是一般过去时，则从句的动词必须用过去的某种时态。其中,if,和,when,既能引导,宾语从句又能引导条件或时间状语从句。,Eg,:I want to know if he has been there.(if,引导的宾语从句,译为“是否”),I will go to the park if it is fine tomorrow.(if,引导的条件状语从句，译为“如果，假如”),I dont know,if he will come,.,If he comes,please tell me.(,划线部分是宾语从句，斜线是状语从句),同样，,when,译为“当时候”引导时间状语从句，译为“何时”引导宾语从句。,一、将下列各句变成宾语从句,1.Who can catch the bird?She asked,2.Did they stay up too late last night?She would like to know,3.You have passed the exam.He is glad,4.Does she work hard at school?Her mother wanted to know,5.When will she come back?I know,6.He said“I had left my book in my room.”,7.I asked him“Is she ill?”,8.She said to me“Where do you come from?”,二、单项选择,1.,I dont know when he _.When he _,Ill let you know.,A.comes,comes,B.will,come,comes,C.will,come,will come,D.comes,will come,2.I want to know if they _ the spring sports meeting next month.If they _ it,I must get ready for it.,A.hole,will hold,B.will,hold,hold,C.hold,hold,D.will,hold,will hold,3.Mike asked the girl in the shop _ the watch _ cheap enough.,A.that,is,B.if,was,C.that,was,D.whether,is,4.Do you know _ a moment ago?,A.he,said what,B.what,he said,C.what,said he,D.what,did he say,5.I dont know _ Jane was late for school this morning.,A.who,B.whom,C.what,D.why,参考答案：,一、将下列各句变成宾语从句,1.,She asked who can catch the bird.,2.She would like to know if they stayed up too late last night.,3.He is glad(that)you have passed the exam.,4.Her mother wanted to know if she worked hard at school.,5.I know when she will come back.,6.He said,thathe,had left his book in his room.,7.I asked him if she was ill.,8.She asked me where I came from.,二、,1,B2B3B4B5D,