TED演讲拖延症讲解.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Procrastination,TED,Tim Urban,In college,I was a government major,which means I had to write a lot of papers.Now,when a normal student writes a paper,they might spread the work out a little like this.,And I would want to do that like that.That would be the plan.I would have it all ready to go,but then,actually,the paper would come along,and then I would kind of do this.,And that would happen every single paper.But then came my 90-page senior thesis,a paper youre supposed to spend a year on.And I knew for a paper like that,my normal work flow was not an option.It was way too big a project.,So I planned things out,and I decided I kind of had to go something like this.This is how the year would go.,But then,the funniest thing happened.Those first few months?They came and went,and I couldnt quite do stuff.,So we had an awesome new revised plan.But then those middle months actually went by,and I didnt really write words,and so we were here.,And then two months turned into one month,which turned into two weeks.And one day I woke upwith three days until the deadline,still not having written a word,and so I did the only thing I could:I wrote 90 pages over 72 hours,pulling not one but two all-nighters-got it in just at the deadline.,Anyway,today Im a writer-blogger guy.And a couple of years ago,I decided to write about procrastination,.,Now,I had a hypothesis that the brains of procrastinators were actually differentthan the brains of other people.,I actually brought them here to show you today.,So heres the brain of a non-procrastinator,Now.heres my brain.There is a difference.Both brains have a Rational Decision-Maker in them,but the procrastinators brainalso has an Instant Gratification Monkey.,Now,what does this mean for the procrastinator?,Well,it means everythings fine until this happens.,So the Rational Decision-Maker will make the rational decisionto do something productive,but the Monkey doesnt like that plan,so he actually takes the wheel,Then were going to go over to the fridge,to see if theres anything new in there since 10 minutes ago.After that,were going to go on a YouTube spiralthat starts with videos of Richard Feynman talking about magnetsand ends much,much later with us watching interviewswith Justin Biebers mom.,All of thats going to take a while,so were not going to really have room on the schedule for any work today.,Now,what is going on here?The Instant Gratification Monkey does not seem like a guyyou want behind the wheel.He lives entirely in the present moment.He has no memory of the past,no knowledge of the future,and he only cares about two thingseasy and fun.Now,in the animal world,that works fine.,And to the Monkey,humans are just another animal species.You have to keep well-slept,well-fed and propagating into the next generation,which in tribal times might have worked OK.,But,if you havent noticed,now were not in tribal times.Were in an advanced civilization,and the Monkey does not know what that is.Which is why we have another guy in our brain,the Rational Decision-Maker,who gives us the ability to do things no other animal can do.We can make long-term plans.And he wants to take all of that into account.,And he wants to just have us dowhatever makes sense to be doing right now.Now,sometimes it makes senseto be doing things that are easy and fun,like when youre having dinner or going to bedor enjoying well-earned leisure time.Thats why theres an overlap.,Sometimes they agree.But other times,it makes much more sense to be doing things that are harder and less pleasant,for the sake of the big picture.,And thats when we have a conflict.And for the procrastinator,that conflict tends to end a certain way every time,leaving him spending a lot of time in this orange zone,an easy and fun place thats entirely out of the Makes Sense circle.,I call it the Dark Playground.,Now,the Dark Playground is a placethat all of you procrastinators out there know very well.,Its where leisure activities happenat times when leisure activities are not supposed to be happening.The fun you have in the Dark Playgroundisnt actually fun,because its completely unearned,and the air is filled with guilt,dread,anxiety,self-hatred-all of those good procrastinator feelings.And the question is,in this situation,with the Monkey behind the wheel,how does the procrastinator ever get himself over here to this blue zone,a less pleasant place,but where really important things happen?Well,turns out the procrastinator has a guardian angel,someone whos always looking down on him and watching over himin his darkest moments,someone called the Panic Monster.,Now,the Panic Monster is dormant most of the time,but he suddenly wakes up anytime a deadline gets too closeor theres danger of public embarrassment,a career disaster or some other scary consequence.,And importantly,hes the only thing the Monkey is terrified of.Now,he became very relevant in my life pretty recently,because the people of TED reached out to me about six months agoand invited me to do a TED Talk.,Now,of course,I said yes.Its always been a dream of mine to have done a TED Talk in the past.So thats what we did that day.As six months turned into four and then two and then one,the people of TED decided to release the speakers.And I opened up the website,and there was my facestaring right back at me.,And guess who woke up?,So the Panic Monster starts losing his mind,and a few seconds later,the whole systems in mayhem,And the Monkey-remember,hes terrified of the Panic Monster-boom,hes up the tree!And finally,finally,the Rational Decision-Maker can take the wheeland I can start working on the talk.And this entire situation,with the three characters-this is the procrastinators system.Its not pretty,but in the end,it works.,This is what I decided to write about on the blog a couple of years ago.When I did,I was amazed by the response.Literally thousands of emails came in,from all different kinds of people from all over the world,doing all different kinds of things.,These are people who were nurses,bankers,painters,engineersand lots and lots of PhD students.And they were all writing,saying the same thing:I have this problem too.But what struck me was the contrast between the light tone of the postand the heaviness of these emails.These people were writing with intense frustrationabout what procrastination had done to their lives,about what this Monkey had done to them.And I thought about this,and I said,well,if the procrastinators system works,then whats going on?Why are all of these people in such a dark place?Well,it turns out that theres two kinds of procrastination.Everything Ive talked about today,the examples Ive given,they all have deadlines.,And when theres deadlines,the effects of procrastination are contained to the short termbecause the Panic Monster gets involved.But theres a second kind of procrastinationthat happens in situations when there is no deadline.So if you wanted a career where youre a self-starter-something in the arts,something entrepreneurial-theres no deadlines on those things at first,because nothings happening,not until youve gone out and done the hard workto get momentum,get things going.Now if the procrastinators only mechanism of doing these hard thingsis the Panic Monster,thats a problem,because in all of these non-deadline situations,the Panic Monster doesnt show up.He has nothing to wake up for,so the effects of procrastination,theyre not contained;they just extend outward forever.,And its this long-term kind of procrastinationthats much less visible and much less talked aboutthan the funnier,short-term deadline-based kind.Its usually suffered quietly and privately.And it can be the sourceof a huge amount of long-term unhappiness,and regrets.And I thought,thats why those people are emailing,and thats why theyre in such a bad place.Its not that theyre cramming for some project.Its that long-term procrastination has made them feel like a spectator,at times,in their own lives.The frustration is not that they couldnt achieve their dreams;its that they werent even able to start chasing them.So I read these emails and I had a little bit of an epiphany-that I dont think non-procrastinators exist.Thats right-I think all of you are procrastinators.Now,you might not all be a mess,like some of us,and some of you may have a healthy relationship with deadlines,but remember:the Monkeys sneakiest trickis when the deadlines arent there.,Now,I want to show you one last thing.I call this a Life Calendar.Thats one box for every week of a 90-year life.Thats not that many boxes,especially since weve already used a bunch of those.So I think we need to all take a long,hard look at that calendar.We need to think about what were really procrastinating on,because everyone is procrastinating on something in life.We need to stay aware of the Instant Gratification Monkey.Thats a job for all of us.And because theres not that many boxes on there,its a job that should probably start today.,Well,maybe not today,but know.Sometime soon.,Thank you.,