新人教版必修第二册unit1culturalheritageDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件.ppt

down,load,re,public,profession,al,archaeolog,ist,entrance,pyramid,process,over,seas,exit,vt.,下载,n.,下载；已下载的数据资料,n.,共和国,adj.,专业的；职业的,n.,专业人员；职业选手,n.,考古学家,n.,入口；进入,n.,(,古埃及的,),金字塔；棱锥体,n.,过程；进程；步骤,vt.,处理；加工,adj.,海外的,adv.,在海外,n.,出口；通道,vi.&vt.,出去；离去,Read after the tape and speak out the Chinese immediately.,Describe people or things in greater detail,Restrictive relative clauses,1.There comes,a time,when,the old must give way to the new,2.,After listening to,the scientists,who,had studied the problem,and,citizens,who,lived near the dam,the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.,3.,and then moved and put back together again in,a place,where,they were safe from the water.,4.,Not only had the countries found,a,path to the,future,that,did not run over the relics of the past,attributive clauses,introduced by,_,relative pronouns,attributive clauses,introduced by,_,relative adverbs,Have a,P6,1,We have learned attributive clauses,introduced by,relative pronouns,and,relative adverbs,in the last book.,Now,lets make a review.,指代内容,所做成分,是否可省略,that,which,who,whom,whose,关系代词的用法,人；物,物,人,人,(,人,/,物,),的,主语,宾语,主语,宾语,主语,宾语,宾语,定语,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,作宾语可省,可省,不可省,关系代词,用法,1.,先行词为,all,，everything,，,nothing,，,something,，,anything,，,little,，,much,等不定代词,2.,先行词被,序数词,或,最高级,修饰,3.先行词,既有人又有物,4.先行词被,all,，,every,，,no,，,some,，,any,，,little,，,much,，,the only,，,the very,，,the last,，,just,，,right,等修饰,5.先行词是,who,或,which,引导的主句中,先行词是,one,，,ones,，,anybody,，,anyone,，,all,，,none,，,those,等,一般,用,that,而,不用,which,一般,用who,不用that,time,修饰时间,/,抽象时间,place,修饰地点,/,抽象地点,reason,修饰原因,w,hy,w,here,w,hen,Function,Referring to,The relative adverb (,关系副词,),关系副词的用法,1,.,Animal bones and shells,on which,symbols,were carved,by ancient Chinese people.,2.Written Chinese has also become an,important,means,by which,Chinas present,is connected with its past,.,3.It was in 1952 and Mandela was,the black,lawyer,to whom,I went for advice,.,4.We thought you were such a,person,from whom,we could expect good decisions,.,Pay attention to the circled words.,attributive clauses,introduced by,_,a preposition+which/whom,Now lets learn more about,attributive clauses introduced by,a preposition+which/whom,.,限制性定语从句,在限制性定语从句中，除了用常见的,关系代词或关系副词,来引导定语从句外，当,关系代词,which,，,whom,在定语从句中作,介词的宾语,时，从句可由“,介词,+which/whom,”引出。,1.The man,to,whom,you spoke,is a teacher.,2.He is a learned man,with,whom,we are familiar.,当先行词是,表人,的名词或代词时，可由“,介词,+,whom,”引导从句,。,1.The city,in,which,she lives,is far away.,2.The English play,in,which,my students acted at the New Years party,was a great success.,当先行词是,表事物,的名词或代词时，可由“,介词,+,wh,ich,”引导从句。,在“,介词,+,关系代词,”结构中，如何准确地选择介词呢？,Thisisthebook _which,Igotthestory.,由于句意含有“从,”的意思，所以用介词,from,。,from,确定介词原则一：,根据主从句之间的意思确定所需介词。,This road will take me to the place _ which I belong.,根据大意，从句意为“我属于的地方”。根据短语“,belong to,”可知空格处应填,to,。,to,确定介词原则二：,根据从句动词、形容词等构成的短语确定所需介词。,Jack is the very person _ I will turn when in trouble.,据题干大意，从句意为“我遇到困难可以求助的人”。“求助”即“,turn to,”，又因先行词指人，故答案为,“,to whom,”。,to whom,The song often takes me back to the day,when the accident happened,.,The song often takes me back to the day _ which the accident happened.,据第一句可知，第二句中,which,用来指先行词“,the day,”，在从句中意为“在这天”，故填介词“,on,”。,确定介词原则三：,根据先行词确定所需介词。,on,Attention,“,介词,+,关系代词,”,结构往往可以,和关系副词互换,。,1.Ill never forget,the day,when,I joined the league2.This is,the house,where,I lived two years ago,.,3.There are many,reasons,why,people like traveling,.,when,=,表时间的介词,(in,on,at,during,等,)+which,=,on which(=on the day),where,=,表地点的介词,(in,at,on,under,等,),+which,=,in which(=in the house),why,=,表原因的介词,for+which,=,for which(=for the reasons),1.I met the child,(whom)I,looked after,ten years ago.,我遇到了十年前我照料过的那个孩子。,2.This is the pen,(that/which)you are,looking for,.,这是你正在找的钢笔。,定语从句的谓语如果是以介词结尾的动词固定短语，则不可把介词移至从句之首，,如,hear from,，,look after,，,look for,等。,注意：,另外，当关系代词作,动词的间接宾语,时，用,to,或,for,。,1.Who is the girl,(,that),he,gave,the flower,to,?,2.The ladywhom/that),I,wrote,the poem,for,was my sister.,1.I still remember the day _ I came here.,A.on which B.that,C.when D.at which,2.This is the house _ I lived last year.,A.that B.where,B.in which D.at which,多选。,Exercise,The morning in which my dog got lost,was in my mind forever.,改错。,解析：在具体某天的早上、下午等时刻前的介词应用,on,，即,on the morning.,on,P6,2,Rewrite the sentences using relative clauses.,For Example,I have downloaded that free app,but it doesnt,work well.,The free app,(that/which),I have downloaded,doesnt work well.,1.He showed me a photo in his room.It was a,photo of a famous cultural relic in Egypt.The photo,_,_,_,.,(that/which)he showed me in his room,was of a famous cultural relic in Egypt,2,.The project team helped protect the national,parks in the United Republic of Tanzania.It was,formed by members from fifteen countries.,The project team,_,_,_,_,_.,fifteen,countries,helped protect the,national,parks in the,United Republic of Tanzania,whose members were from,3,.This temple was first built during the Qin,Dynasty.,The time,_,_,_.,when this temple was first built was,during the Qin Dynasty,4,.We met a professional archaeologist at the,entrance to the Great Pyramid.He explained,to us the process of building such a difficult,structure.,The professional archaeologist,_,_,_,_.,(who/whom)we met at the entrance to the,Great Pyramid explained to us the process of,building such a difficult structure,6,.Scientists worked together day and night to,rescue the temple because they wanted to,preserve it for the next generation.,5,.The documents about the cultural relics from,overseas are under the desk.I found them,yesterday.,The place,_,_,_,_,_.,the cultural relics from overseas yesterday is,under the desk,where I found those documents about,The reason,_,_,_,_.,why scientists worked together day,and night to rescue the temple is that they,wanted to preserve it for the next generation,P6,3,One asks the questions below and the other answers them with relative clauses.,EXAMPLE,A:What is an exit?,B:An exit is the door,where/through which,you,can leave a building,.,1,.,Wha,t,s a library?(from/in which,;,where),2,.,Whats a good friend?(to whom,;,who),3,.,Wha,t,s a vacation?(during which,;,when),4,.,Wha,t,s a football coach?(from whom,;,who),Possible answers:,1,.,A:,Wha,t,s a library?(from/in which,;,where),B1:A,library,is a place,from/in which,you can,borrow books,.,B2:A,library,is a place,where,you can borrow,books,.,2,.,A:,Whats a good friend?(to whom,;,who),B1:A,good friend is someone,to whom,you can,tell your problems,.,B2:,A good friend is someone,who,you can tell,your problems,.,3.,A:,Whats a vacation?(during which;when),B1:A,vacation,is a time,during which,you dont,work,.,B2:,A vacation is a time,when,you dont work,.,4.,A:,Whats a football coach?(from whom;who),B1:A football coach is someone,from whom,football players receive training,.,B2:,A football coach is someone,who,trains,football players,.,1,.,A:,Whats a,giraffe,?,B:A,giraffe,is an animal,that,has a long,neck,.,2,.,A:,Whats a,dentist,?,B:A dentist is someone,who,looks after,your teeth,.,For example:,Now w,ork out two more questions of your own.,“介词,+,关系代词”引导的定语从句,介词的确定：,1.,由主从句的句意决定；,2.,由从句动词、形容词等构成的固,定短语确定；,3.,根据先行词确定所需介词。,结构：,介词,+which(,指物,)/,介词,+whom(,指人,),.,实战高考,He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper _ _ hes on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction.,(2019,课标全国卷,阅读理解,C,篇,),with whom,他喜欢能坐着安静地看手机，或者如果他想和别人有点交流的话，就和他能直呼其名的服务生聊上几句。,1.,根据句意填空。,2.,(2019浙江卷),On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth _ gives off light in the dark.,3.,We have entered into an age_ dreams have the best chance of coming true.,（2019,江苏卷）,A.which B.what C.when D.that,that,/,which,.,用适当的关系词填空。,1.The mountain _ we climbed yesterday is the highest mountain in Britain.,2.An architect is a person _ designs buildings.,3.The bar in Barcelona _ I met my best friend is still there.,4.The summer _ I graduated from university was long and hot.,5.Jane told me the reason _ she was not in favour of revising the plan.,why/for which,that/which,who/that,where/in which,when/in which,6.My sister worked for a man _ used to be an athlete.,7.As for me,I have joined an organization in our city _ purpose is to call on people to protect wild animals.,8.A corkscrew is a thing _ you use to open bottles.,9.The day _ the concert takes place is Sunday.,10.The city _ the basketball player lives is San Francisco.,where/in which,who/that,whose,which/that,when/on which,.,根据汉语完成句子,。,1.This is the engineer _,_,(,给我们作关于计算机报告的,),the other day.,2.My necklace is not _,_,(,唯一不见的东西,),.,3.The man _,(,在这间房子里工作,的,),is an English teacher.,4.The old building _,(,我们住的,),has been here for 30 years.,5.The history book _,(,封皮,是黄的,),was lost.,who gave us a talk about,computers,the only thing thats,who works in the room,(that/which)we live in,whose cover is yellow,missing,6.Here is the pen _,_,_,_,(你昨天,丢失的,),.,7.This is the best book _,_,_,(,我读过的,),.,8.I have lost the pen _,_,_,_,(,我父亲给我买的,),.,9.Wheat is a plant _,_,（中国北方种植的,),.,10.I don,t like the people _,_,(说得多,做得少的,),.,(that)you lost yesterday,(that)I have ever read,(which/that)my father,which/that is grown,who talk too much,bought me,in the north of China,but do little,Self-evaluation,各个击破,1.Have you mastered the rules of restrictive relative clauses introduced by“preposition+which/whom”?,2.Can you describe people or things with restrictive relative clauses?,Homework,1.Finish the exercises in,Learning English,.,2.Make 10 sentences containing restrictive relative clauses.,