[情态动词].ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,情态动词表说话人的某种感情,或语气，对某一动作或状态的,某种态度。表示“需要、可以、,必须、应当”等。,情态动词,(modal verbs),1)Some of us can use the computer now,but we couldnt last year.,2)The new-built theatre can seat 1500 people.,3)Can she be in the computer center?,4)I though what he said could not be true.,5)Can/Could I use your dictionary?,6)Could you lend me a hand?,1.,表能力,3.,表示“请求”“允许”,(,表请求时，口语中常用,could,代替,can,使语气更委婉，回答时用,can),2.,表示推测，意为“可能”“或许”，用于疑问句或否定句,1.can,与,could,4.,表示“许可”，可与,may,换用。,You can go home now.,5.can,用于疑问句或否定句中时，表惊异、,不相信等，意思是“可能、能够”。,How can you say that you really understand the whole,Story if you have covered only part of the article?,6.cant/couldnt+have+done,表示对过去,情况的否定推测,Susan cant have written a report like this.,7.could+have+done,表示对过去能做而,未做的事情感到惋惜，遗憾,Its a pity.Your class could have got the first prize.,Michael _ be a policeman,for hes much too short.,A.neednt B.cant C.should D.may,2.Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How _ it be,that he was late for the opening ceremony?,A.can B.should C.may D.must,3.-I stayed at a hotel while in New York.,-Oh,did you?You _ with Barbara.,A.could have stayed B.could stay,C.would stay D.must have stayed,My sister met him at the Grand Theater yesterday,afternoon,so he _ your lecture.,A.couldnt have attended B.neednt have attended,C.mustnt have attended D.shouldnt have attended,B,A,A,A,2.may,与,might,1.,表示“许可”或“请求”，有“可以”的意思，口语中,常用,might,代,may,表示委婉语气。,否定回答时用,“,must not”,表“禁止，阻止”，,不用,“,may not,”,.“may not”,表示“可能不”。,Eg,:1)-May I watch TV after supper?,-Yes,you may./No,you mustnt.,2)Today is Sunday.She may not in her office now.,2.,表示可能性。意为“或许，可能”,might,比,may,可能性小。,Eg,:1)It might be true.,2)They may be in the library now.,3.may/might as well+,动词原形“,还是,的好”,Eg,:You may as well go and have a look.,4.May you+,动词原形 表“希望、祝愿、祈求”祝你,”,Eg,:May you success.,1.Sorry Im late.I _ have turned off,the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.,A.might B.should,C.can D.will,2.Peter _ come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.,A.must B.may,C.can D.will,A,B,3.will,与,would,1.,表“请求、建议”等，用,would,比用,will,委婉，客气些,Eg,:1)Will you lend me your book?,2)Would you like a cup of tea?,2.,用于表示意志或意愿。,will,指现在，,而,would,指 过去。,Eg,:1)Ill never do that again.,2)They said that they would help us.,3.,表示习惯性动作。译作“总是、惯于”,will,指现在，,would,指过去。,Eg,:1)He will often read all night.,2)Fish will die without water.,3)Every evening,she would sit by window,deep in thought.,4.,表示功能，译作“能、行”,Eg,:1)That will be all right.,2)This door wont open.,5.,用于否定句中，表示“不肯、不乐意”,Eg,:No matter what I said,he wont listen to me.,4.should,1.,用于表劝告、建议。意为,”,应该、应当”。,Eg,:You should keep your promise.,2.,用于表推测。意为“可能、该,”,Eg,:1)Its 7 oclock,he should be at home.,2)They should have arrived by now.,5.shall,与,will,1.,Shall,与第一、三人称连用，且用在疑问句中时，,表说话人征求听话者的允诺。,Will,与第二人称连用，且出现在疑问句中时，,表示请求。,Would,更客气。,Eg,:1)Shall we begin our discussion?,2)Shall the driver wait?,3)Will you speak louder,please?,2.,shall,的主语是第二、三人称的陈述句，表示说话人,的允诺、警告、命令等语气。,will,的主语是第一、二、三人称的陈述句，,表意志、意愿。,Eg,:1)You shall get the book tomorrow.,2)He shall be punished.,3)You shall go with me.,4)If you will come to my house.,I will show you my new painting.,允诺,警告,命令,6.cant,用来表示由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。,Eg,:1)-Listen,someone is knocking at the door,who can it be?,-It cant be Tom,he has gone abroad.,2)-Can/could they have finished the work?,-No,they cant have finished the work so soon.,7.must,1.,表示义务或强烈的劝告，意为“必须”“应该”，,其否定式表示“不应该”“不许可”“不准”“禁止”。,Eg,:1)You must finish your homework first.,2)Children mustnt speak like that to their parents.,2.,回答,must,所在的一般疑问句时，否定回答用,“,neednt”“dont have to”.,Eg,:-Must we finish the work tomorrow?,-No,you neednt/dont have to,but you must,finish it in three days.,3.,表推测，用于肯定句，意为“一定”“务必”。,Eg,:1)Betty must be in the next room.,2)He must be watering the flowers in his garden.,情态动词,+have done,这是历年高考热点之一，,可表示,“推测、责备、怀疑”,等多种意义。,一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计,1.must have done “,想必或肯定已经做了某事”,eg,:The ground is rather wet,so it must have rained last night.,2.may/might have done “,可能,/,大概已经做了某事”,eg,:Tom may have gone to shanghai,but I still not sure about it.,3.cant/couldnt have done“,不可能已经做了某事”,eg,:The ground is very dry,so it cant have rained last night,注：在疑问句中,can/could,表示对过去情况的疑问性,推测，“可能已经,了吗？”,eg,:Someone must have broken into our bedroom,Who could have done it?,二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备,1.should/ought to have done“,过去本该做而没做”,eg,:I really regretted wasting the hours when,I should have studied hard,but it was too late.,2.shouldnt/oughtnt to have done,“,过去不该做的事却做了”,eg,:Im very sorry for the words I shouldnt have,said to you at that moment.,3.could/might have done“,本来能够做的事却没做”,eg,:He could have worked out the problem.,He neednt have come.,He didnt need to come.,他本没有必要来（实际也没来）,他本没有必要来（实际却来了）,4.neednt have done“,原本不必做的事却做了”,eg,:Your home is not far from your school,so you,neednt have left in such a hurry.,5.didnt need to do/didnt have to do,“,没有必要做，实际也没做”,eg,:I didnt need to clean the windows.,My sister did it.,6.Would rather have done “,本想做却未做成”,eg,:I would rather have come to help you with your,English,but I was too busy at that time.,