中国式英语(Chinglish).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Topic 25,Chinglish,Contents,Chinglish,&China English,1,Diagnosis,of,Chinglish,2,Main Causes of,Chinglish,3,How to Avoid,Chinglish,4,Assignments,5,1.,Chinglish,and China English?,中国式英语,(,Chinglish,),As the counterpart of,translationese,the so-called term,Chinglish,refers to misshapen,hybrid language that is neither English nor Chinese but that might be described as“English with Chinese characteristics”.Derogatively called in Chinese“,pigin,”(,洋泾浜,)in the early and mid-20th century,Chinglish,is one of the problems affecting the quality of Chinese-English translation goes here.,中国式英语,(,Chinglish,),指中国的英语学习者和使用者由于受母语的影响和干扰，硬套汉语规则和习惯，在英语交际中出现的不合规范或不合英语语言和西方文化习惯的畸形英语。,1.,你的身体很健康,。,Your body is very healthy.,2.,Teacher Wang,3.,打招呼时：,Have you eaten up?,中国英语,(China English),Definition,On the other hand,there is a kind of“China English”which is based on standard English and is acceptable in English communication.,中国英语,(China English),是以规范英语为基础，能够进入英语交际，不受母语干扰而又能较好反映中国特有事物和概念。中国英语有益于传播中国文化，将随着中国人使用英语的普及和中国特色的形成而逐渐扩充，从而丰富和发展英语和世界文化。,一国两制,:,One country,two systems,天人合一,the unity of man and nature;,科学发展观,：,scientific outlook on development,古为今用、洋为中用,译,1:,let the ancient serve the present and let the foreign serve the national,译,2:,draw from the past and foreign achievements,How did China English come into being?,1.,音译（,transliteration):,根据普通话发音直接转化生成。,秀才,(,xiucai,),二胡,(,erhu,),功夫,(,gongfu,),馄饨,(won ton),茅台酒,(,Moutai/Maotai,),人参,(ginseng),叩头,(kowtow),2.,直译：将汉语词汇通过翻译手段逐词借用英语表述形式。,下岗职工,一个中国的政策,经济特区,流动人口,菜篮子工程,小康水平,laidoff workers,One China policy,special economic zone,floating population,vegetable basket project,fairly comfortable standard of living,3.,释译：在翻译形象化语言时表现出明显的中国民族文化特色，不但使人耳目一新，而且丰富了英语表达方式。中国英语中一部分就是从汉语意思译成英语后而生成的英语意思。,支农惠农政策,policies to support and benefit agriculture,rural areas and farmers,End,2.Diagnosis of,Chinglish,复旦大学英语教授葛传椝先生认为,:,“,Chinglish,是在语法和用词方面基本上不能算错，而意思也明白，可是明显地从汉语思维产生而英语民族人民并不这么说的那种英语。”,Chinglish,phrases,大片,*,big movie;blockbuster,早恋,*,early love;puppy love,方便面,*,convenient noodles;,instant noodles,拳头产品,*,fist product;,knockout product,新闻自由,*,freedom of news;,freedom of press,买一赠一,*,Buy one,present one.,Buy one,get one free.,Chinglish,sentences,上海的交通很拥挤。,*Shanghais traffic is very crowded.,The traffic is very heavy in Shanghai.,新学期已经过去一个多月了。,*Our new term has passed one month and more.,More than one month has passed since the new term began.,本,(,航空,),公司的经营方针是,:,安全第一，旅客至上，优质服务，树立信誉。,初译,:The guideline of our airlines is“safety first,passenger consideration,excellent services,establishment of prestige.”,逐字死译，用词和搭配不当，为典型,Chinglish,改译,1:Our aim is“SAFETY FIRST,PASSENGER ABOVE ALL,TOP QUALITY SERVICE,GOOD REPUTATION.”,改译,2:With“customer above all”and“reputation first”in mind,our airlines maintain high quality and efficiency of all the service we provide.,参考,:,Convenience/Availability/Satisfaction,作为一句广告，译文已灵活而达意地简化为三个英,语单词，很有广告英语的味道。,End,3.Main Causes of,Chinglish,A.,搭配不当,Out of collocation,来信写道,：,the letter writes,the letter reads,把中国建设成,:build China into,turn China into,接受九年义务教育,：,accept 9-year compulsory education,receive a 9-year compulsory schooling,B.,滥用使役动词,Overused causative verb“make”or“let”,看到这些照片使我想起自己的童年。,The sight of these pictures made me remember my own childhood.,The sight of these pictures reminded me of my own childhood.,C.,过多使用修饰词,Unnecessary modifiers,完全征服,：,completely conquer,conquer,conquer,不可能是,partly,加,completely,多此一举。,极为可耻,：,extremely shameless,shameless,伟大的历史性转变,：,great historic change,historic change,D.,重复和累赘,Redundancy,为推动中美关系的发展，中国需要进一步了解美国，美国也需要进一步了解中国。,To promote the development of ChinaUS relations,，,China needs to know the US better and,the US also needs to know China better,.,To promote ChinaUS relations,China needs to know the US better and,vice versa,.,不要弄虚作假。,Do not do false things and cheating.,No counterfeit and cheating.,E.,主语选用不当,Improper subjects,世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。,At the turn of the century,Chinas diplomacy is most active.,The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic area.,因为,diplomacy,没有生命，,active,的主语应该是人。,创新是一个民族进步的灵魂。,The innovation is the soul of a nations progress.,The innovation sustains the progress of a nation.,F.,没有注意词类转换,Necessary conversion,汉译英有时不能完全按照原文是什么词类就译成什么词,类，而要根据情况对词类进行调整和转换。,轻纺工业产品的花色品种增多，质量继续有所提高。,The designs and variety of light industrial and textile products have increased and their quality has continued to improve.,Light industry and textile products are now available in better designs and quality and in richer variety.,G.,字对字死译,Word for word,中国特有的一些新词汇新提法无法找到对应的英语表达方式,译文往往是解释性的,;,若字对字死译，就会出现,Chinglish,.,国际关系民主化。,International relations should be democratized.,Democracy should be practiced in international relations.,你的手表不对。,Your watch is not correct.,Your watch doesnt keep good time.,考试一般分文理科进行。,Exams are held according to science and liberal arts.,The entrance examination is held for students to major in science or liberal arts respectively;,Examinations are designed separately for science and arts students.,End,4.How to Avoid,Chinglish,?,A.Guarding against Taking the Words at their Face Level,吃透中文意思，摆脱中文字面束缚，以清晰的文字表达原文的意思。,人文奥运,*peoples(cultural)Olympics;,culture-enriched Olympics,科技旅游,*technological tours;,science-theme tourist,B.Keeping a good dictionary at hand,酸奶,sour milkThe milk must have gone bad);,yoghurt,宣传部,*propaganda department;,department in charge of publicity,Propaganda is a derogatory English word implying,“false or partly false information used by a,government or political party to make people agree,with them”.,C.Developing Pragmatic Competence,Translators pragmatic ability is part of their communicative competence.It comprises the ability to use language appropriately according to the context.More often than not,making a pragmatic error in a,Chinglish,sentence is far more serious than a linguistic one.,培养对语言的浓厚兴趣，随时随地学习以英语为母语的人在不同场合对不同事物的表达方式，从中吸取对自己有用的东西。说话作文一定要注意语用场合。,客人抵达后，外国主人会问：,Would you like to make yourself comfortable?,凭票入场：,Admission is by ticket only.,我最近常常想到你和贵国。,You and your country have been,in my thoughts,recently.,End,5.Assignments,：,Put the following into English.,1.,弘扬主旋律,提倡多样化。,2.,深圳,真的被边缘化了吗？,(,报纸标题,),3.,经济改革取得了巨大成就并且不断深化。,4.,我们应当努力提高文化水平。,5.,坚持物质文明和精神文明两手抓，实行依法治国和以德治国相结合。,6.,我们坚信中国的外交在社会主义中国走向振兴统一的历史进程中将写下更加辉煌的篇章。,7.,深化教育改革，全面推进素质教育，努力培养学生的创新精神和实践能力，促进学生德智体美全面发展。,8.,大自然对人的恩赐，无论贫富，一律平等，所以人们对于大自然，全部一致并深深地依赖着。尤其在乡间，上千年人们一直以不变的方式生活着。,Key to the sentence translation.,1.Promote mainstream values and uphold diversity.,2Shenzhen,the SEZ is really on the verge of?,Is Shenzhen SEZ becoming marginal?,(cf.,边缘学科：,marginal discipline),3.The economic reform has made great achievements and is deepening.,Great achievements have been made in the economic reform,which is developing in depth.,4.We should try to improve our educational level.,5.Attach equal importance to both material and spiritual civilization and run the country by combining the rule of law with the rule of virtue.,6.We firmly believe that as the socialist China marches toward rejuvenation and reunification,a more glorious chapter will be written in the history of Chinas diplomacy.,7.It should be made to deepen the educational reform and promote the qualification-oriented education in an all-round way.Students should be encouraged to foster a spirit of innovation,develop practical abilities and improve in an all-round way in terms of their moral,intellectual,physical and aesthetic development.,8.Human beings,poor or rich,are favored equally by Nature,so they unanimously rely on it deeply.This is particularly true in the countryside where people live in the same style for over a thousand years.,End,Thank You!,