Unit 5Offers.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit,5 Offers,Offer+Acceptance=Contract,Steps of writing an offer letter:,Letters about offer generally bases on the following steps:,Firstly,express thanks for the inquiry,show what date or which inquiry you are answering;,Make clear the nature the offer.If it is a firm offer,state the period of validity.If not,state that the offer without engagement;,State clearly the name of the commodity,quality,specification,quantity,details of prices,time of shipment,and terms of payment.,Provide information as much as possible;,In the final part,hope the buyer will be satisfied with the offer and accept it.,Writing principles of offer:reply in due coursereply definitelyreply accuratelyinclude all the trade terms in the offerif firm offer,write clearly the validitystress the part of the commodity worth saying high,Firm offer:,This is a kind of offer,in which the offerors intention of making a contract is definitely indicated,and under which the offeror cannot revoke,撤销，取消,or amend what he has offered during the validity of the offer.Once it unconditionally accepted by the offeree within its validity,the transaction is completed and a contract is concluded right away.The contract is binding on both parties.Such an offer is also called firm offer or irrevocable offer.,firm offer:,completeness:,it is understood that not all the terms specified above are required in every offer.If a usual practice has been formed between the traders through long business relationship established in the past or some general business terms have been agreed upon,there is no need to repeat them every time in the offer.,clear:,to be clear means that the intention and terms in the offer should clearly be described without ambiguity,：,mbigju:iti.,final/definite valid:,to be final signifies that the offeror intends,without reservation,to enter into a contract with the offeree if all terms offered are accepted by the offeree.,To be brief,a firm offer with clarity and precision should contain the following points:,A detailed description of the item;,Price;,Packaging;,Minimum or maximum quantity;,Quality;,Shipping date,mode;,Terms of payment;,A timeframe during which your offer is available.,non-firm offer/offer without engagement/free offer:,An offer without engagement,contrary to the one with engagement,is unclear,incomplete and with reservations.This kind of offer is not binding on the offeror.Such expressions as:reference price,subject to our final confirmation and subject to being unsold are often used.,reference,incomplete,not final,虚盘是发盘人所作的不肯定交易的表示,.,凡不符合实盘所具备的三个条件的发盘,都是虚盘,.,虚盘无须详细的内容和具体条件,也不注明有效期,.,它仅表示交易的意向,不具有法律效力,.,出现下列一类的词句者,皆为虚盘,:,Without engagement不负任何责任,.,subject to prior sale,有权先售,All quotations are subject to our final confirmation unless otherwise stated.,所作报价,除特别注明外,须经我方确认后方能生效,.,Our offer is subject to approval of export license.,出口许可证准许签证,我方报价才有效,.,Subject to,This offer is subject to your reply reaching here on or before 19,th,Oct.This offer is subject to reply by 5 p.m.our time,Wednesday,3,rd,Oct.We offer you subject to the reply here by 5 p.m.,Tuesday our time.We offer you firm subject to your reply here within one week from today.This offer is/remains/is kept/is held valid/firm/open/good for 5 days.,subject to sb/sth:,须服从,，受支配,We are subject to the law of the land.,我们须遵守当地的法律。,Peasants used to be subject to the local landowner.,农民过去受地主的压迫。,subject to sth:,常有、常患或常遭某事；倾向某事,Are you subject to colds?,你常患感冒吗？,Trains are subject to delay after the heavy snowfalls.,一下大雪火车就往往误点。,The timetable is subject to alteration.,时刻表有可能更改。,subject to sth:,以,为条件，取决于某事,The plan is subject to the directors approval.,计划须经主管准。,Sold subject to contract,ie provided that a contract is signed.,依照合同出售,This offer is subject to goods being unsold.,以货未售出为条件,.,This offer is subject to market fluctuations.,市场波动,This offer is subject to change without notice.,如有变更，不再另行通知,This offer is subject to our final confirmation.This offer is subject to sample approval.This offer is subject to shipping space available.,Publication dates and prices,are subject to change without notice.,如有变化无需另补通知,Prices are stated,指定,in US Dollars,and,valid only for,sales transacted,交易，谈判,through the US website.,Text A,A Firm Offer,课文原文（,1,）,Dear Sir or Madam,Tin Foil Sheets,We acknowledge receipt of your letter of May 15,20-and confirm having sent you a fax today in reply,as per,the confirmation copy enclosed.You will know from our fax that we are in a position to offer you 50 long tons of the captioned goods,at an attractive price of GBP 135 per long ton CFR Kobe for delivery within one month after you place an order with us.Payment of the purchase is to be effected,课文原文（,2,）,by an irrevocable letter of credit in our favor,payable by draft at sight.,This offer is firm subject to your reply reaching us not later than the end of this month.,For your information,there is little likelihood of the goods remaining unsold once this particular offer has lapsed.,Yours truly,Encl.As stated,讲解,:,1.acknowledge:vt.,承认,We acknowledge receipt of your letter,商业书信中常用acknowledge receipt of sth,或,acknowledge sth,表示已收到,。,如,:We acknowledge your letter of,商业书信中表示“收到,”,的句型有很多：,We have received,We have received with thanks.,Thank you for your,We are in receipt of your,（陈旧）,We are in possession of your,（陈旧）,We confirm(having received)your,等等,2.confirm:vt.,确认；证实,注意：不能接动词不定式，只能接名词、名词短语或从句,1),确认,We confirm(having received)your email of June 30.,我们确认已收到你方,6,月,30,日电子邮件。,We confirm to have received your email of June 30.,(,错误表述,),We are writing to confirm your offer for CD-roms.,兹去函确认（或“接受”）你方,CD,光盘的报盘。,Our client has confirmed that they will attend this Canton Fair.,我们的客户已确认将参加本届广交会。,2,）证实：,A survey has confirmed the loss of the goods during transit.,调查已经证实货物在途中丢失。,警方证实了有五人在爆炸中死亡的新闻。,The police confirmed that five people had died in the bombing.,confirmation:n.,确认；证实,a letter of confirmation,一封确认函,We will send you written confirmation of our offer shortly.,我们很快将把报盘的书面确认送交给你。,3.in reply:,答复，常作状语,We have noted your request for advanced shipment.In reply,we regret to tell you that all the ships have been booked up.,你方要求提前装运，此事我们已经知晓。现答复，遗憾告知所有船只均已订满。,函电中常用,in reply to sth,：,In reply to your email of yesterday,I am pleased to offer the following goods.,兹复你昨日电子邮件，我很高兴向你报以下货物。,你来翻译：,现答复你关于我们服务的提问，建议你阅读一下我们的手册。,In reply to your question about our service,we suggest that your read our brochure.,4.as per:=according to,根据，按照,As per your request,I attach information about a number of our best selling goods.,根据你的要求，我随附我们最畅销的一些货物的信息。,As per the news,10000 people became homeless in the tsunami tsun:mi in this region.,根据新闻，本地区,1,万人在海啸中无家可归。,你来翻译：,根据指示，我们已要求工厂改进该产品的包装。,As per instruction,we have asked the factory to improve the packing of the products.,5.be in a position to do sth:,有权力、资格、办法等做某事，能够做某事,I am not in a position to reveal any information about this company.,我不能披露关于该公司的任何信息。,I am not in a position to offer an opinion on the food as we didnt even touch the menu.,我不能对食物作出评价，因为我们连菜谱都没有碰过。,你来翻译：,新生产线提高了我们满足大批订单的能力。,The new production line has placed us in a better position to meet orders of large quantities.,Financial position:,财务状况,Cash position现金头寸,Easy position:,头寸宽裕,To cover position:,轧平头寸,Long/bull position:,多头交易，买空交易,Short/bear position:,空头交易，卖空交易,6.long ton:,长吨,(L/T),short ton:,短吨,(S/T),；,metric ton:,公吨,(M/T),7.the captioned goods:,标题,货物,还可以说,the subject goods,8.GBP:,United Kingdom Pound Sterling,英镑,9.Kobe:,神户（日本港口）,10.delivery:n.,交货；交付的货物,We are in need of two TEUs of wigs for May delivery.,我们需要两标准柜的假发，五月交货。,TEU=twenty-foot equivalent unit,标准柜,to make delivery(of sth),：,交货,As the selling season is drawing near,please make delivery as soon as possible.,因季节临近，请抓紧交货。,to take delivery(of sth):,提货,The buyers refuse to take delivery as 20 cartons have been found defective.,买方拒绝提货，因为,20,箱货发现有缺陷。,deliver:vt.,交货，交付,As a usual practice,we deliver the goods in one month after we receive the letters of credit.,我们通常在收到信用证后一个月内交货。,你来翻译：,下个月交货数量不得少于,1000,打。,The quantity to be delivered next month must not be less than 1000 dozen.,我们在展览会上发了,10000,份宣传单。,We have delivered 10000 leaflets at the exhibition.,11.place an order with sb for sth:,向某人订购某货,order,的其他常用搭配有：,接受订货,to accept an order,to entertain an order,谢绝订货,to decline an order,拒绝订货,to reject an order,执行订单,to fulfill/execute/carry out an order,取消订单,to cancel an order,交付订货,to deliver an order,首笔订单,initial/first order:,试订单,trial order:,新订单,fresh/new order:,返单，续订单,repeat order:,重复订单,duplicate order:,12.the purchase:,买的货,purchase,指实物。,类似用法还有：,shipment:,船货；,order:,订购的货；,delivery:,交付的货；,consignment:,交付的货,13.effect:vt.,办理，进行，完成，实现,to effect payment/shipment/insurance,办理支付,/,装运/,保险,14.irrevocable letter of credit in our favor,payable by draft at sight:,以我方为受益人的不可撤销的信用证，凭即期汇票付款,15.firm:adj.,有效的,表示报盘的有效期的方法：,This offer is firm/valid/open/effective/good for (,或,until),报盘的时候通常给报盘加有效期。,另外,firm offer,是“实盘”的意思，也是卖方市场的时候常用的。,16.for your information:,告诉你们一下，给你们提供个信息,For your information,Indian dealers are offering the same item at a price about 5 per cent lower than yours.,现告知你方，印度交易商正以比你方低,5%,的价格对同一产品报价。,现告知，你们要的货号已经断货。,For your information,the item you require has gone out of stock.,Useful Sentences,1)We take pleasure in offering you the under-mentioned goods,subject to your reply by noon July 6.,我们乐于就下列商品报价，以,7,月,6,日中午前答复有效。,2)As for the above offer,it is extremely probable that the prices will rise still more,and it would therefore be to your interest to place your orders without delay.,由以上报价看，行市继续上涨，所以及早订货对你方有利。,3)In reply to your request,we are willing to allow you an extra discount of 20%on this order.,兹答复你方要求，我们愿对此批订货给予,20%,的额外折扣。,4)We shall be pleased to give this our earliest attention if our quotation will suit you.,如能接受我们的报价，我们愿立即着手为您办理。,Exercises(Translation),1.We offer you firm 1,000 tons of iron&steel subject to your reply reaching here by July 20我们向贵公司报,1000,吨钢铁的实盘，以您的答复于,7,月,20,日寄达为条件。,2.We are pleased to offer you firm 100 sets of our video recorder at US$50,000 CIF Gaoxiong.,本公司十分乐意向贵公司报,100,台录像机的实盘，成本、保险费、加运费高雄价。,3.We offer you firm our new product subject to your reply being received by May 10.,本公司提供新产品的确定报价给贵公司，但以,5,月,10,日前收到您的答复为条件4.Referring to your inquiry of September20.We are pleased to make the following offer for our new products.,就贵公司,9,月,20,日的询价，本公司很乐意提供新产品报价如下,.,5.,鉴于我们长期的贸易关系，特报此盘。,It is view of our longstanding business relationship that we make you such an offer.,6.We leave our offer valid until October 31.,本公司保留报价直到,10,月,31,日都有效。,Summary,When writing a firm offer,we should,1)Point out the letter you mentioned in the first paragraph clearly,correctly and simply with decent words to cause your partners attention;,2)If you are not familiar with the receiver or you are not ready for your products,try not to make an firm offer.,报盘信写法小结,感谢对方询盘（如果有,）,具体说明报盘条件,说明对方答复的期限,可顺便强调一下,该报盘的优势,商品,交期,规格,支付,数量,包装,价格,保险,可用附页,可用列表,Text B,A Non-firm Offer,Focus and Difficulties,：,(1)A non-firm offer is just an indication of price without obligation.It is subject to change without precious notice.It has no restriction to the offerer and the offeree.,(2)the non-firm offer has two features:,1)It has the reserved conditions,such as“subject to our final confirmation”or“just for reference”.,2)lack of the main trading terms,such as“price,quantity,and the date of delivery”.,Dear Sirs,Oolong Tea,We have received your letter of Aug.1.,As requested,we are sending you herewith,our quotation sheet for oolong tea Art.Nos.,206 and 208.The respective quantities available for prompt shipment are indicated therein,and the prices are quoted on the basis of CIFC 2%New York.This offer is subject to our final confirmation.As to the relative samples,we have dispatched them,to you under separate cover.,It is known to all that Chinese teas are,of,best quality and moderate price.,You will certainly agree to that when you have examined our samples and quotation sheet.As the season is approaching,it is hoped that you will send us your orders as early as possible.If you have any other requirements,please let us know without any delay.,Your prompt reply will be appreciated.,Yours truly,讲解,1.as requested:,根据要求,As requested,we have immediately instructed our bankers to open the relative L/C.,根据要求,我方已即指示我方银行开立信用证。,We regret we can not bring down the prices as requested.,很遗憾不能满足你们的降价要求。,“,根据某人要求”还可以说,at ones request.,At your request,we are going to modify the color of the sample.,根据你们要求，我们将更改样品的颜色,。,根据你们要求，我们已经检验了食品的样品，但没有发现任何问题。,At your request,we have examined the sample of the food,but found everything was in order.,As+动词过去分词是一个特殊的语法结构。,As requested,原形应该是,As is requested,，,as,在这儿其实是一个关系代词，作用相当于,which,，但同时又有“正如”的意思。再如：,As known by all,众所周知,As shown in the letter,正如信中显示,As instructed,根据指示,奇迹并没有如人们期待的那样出现。,Miracle didnt occur as expected.,这笔交易按计划顺利进行。,The deal went smoothly as planned.,2.herewith:=with this,在此,是商业信件公文等正式文件中常用的副词，做状语。类似结构的词有很多，各有不同的意思，如下所示：,herein=in thistherein=in that,hereby=by thisthereby=by that,hereof=of thisthereof=of that,hereafter=after thisthereafter=after that,hereto=to thisthereto=to that,here from=from thisthere from=from that,hereinafter=in this and after this,你没必要都去记，只明白其含义即可。其中,hereby,较常用，要学会使用。,3.,quotation sheet:,报价单,quotation:n.,报价，来自于动词,quote,。,quote,的完整用法是,quote sb.a price for sth,，可以灵活拆开使用。,Please quote your lowest price CIF Singapore.,请报成本加运费加保费新加坡最低价。,Please quote us your lowest price CIF Liverpool.,请向我方报成本加运费加保费利物浦最低价。,Please quote us for Snowhite Neutron Gel Pens请报我,“,白雪,”,中性笔。,Please quote us the price for 34”color TV sets.,请向我报,34,英寸彩电价。,你来翻译：,请报你们木浆制品,(woodpulp products),的最好价格。,Please quote your best price for woodpulp products.,Quotation,的基本用法是：,make sb a quotation for sth,你来翻译,:,能否就你们最新款式的眼镜报价？,Can you make us a quotation for your eyeglasses of latest style?,我们很高兴向你们报医疗仪器价格如下：,We are glad to make you the following quotation for medical instruments.,4.Art.Nos.206 and 208:,货号,206,和,208,Art.,是,Article,的缩写，,Nos.,是,Numbers,的缩写（复数）,article,是指目录、表格等书面材料里带编号的商品。,5.respective:adj.,分别的,Types 22 and 32 have their respective merits.,22,型和,32,型各有优点。,respectively:adv.,分别地,In the 200 metres,Lizzy and Sarah came first and third respectively.,在,200,米比赛中，,Lizzy,和,Sarah,分获第一和第三。,6.prompt shipment:,即期装运,7.on the basis of:,在,基础上,也可以说,on basis,，视中间词语的长短而定,This price is calculated on FOB basis.,该价格是按,FOB,计算的。,We trade with people in all countries on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.,我们在平等互利的基础上和各国人民进行交易。,你来翻译：,价格主要是根据供求状况确定的。,Price is determined mainly on the basis of supply and demand.,8.CIFC2%New York:CIF,纽约加,2%,佣金,第二个,C,是,commission(,佣金,),的缩写,9.offer:n.v.,报盘,名词,offer,的基本用法是：,make sb an offer for sth.,We are pleased to make you an offer for infrared equipment as follows.,很荣幸向你们就红外线设备报盘如下。,你来翻译：,请向我们报外科用品,(surgical products),。,Please make us an offer for surgical products.,“,对,的报盘”可以翻译成,offer for/of/on sth,动词的,offer,基本用法是：,to offer sb a price for sth,or,to offer sb sth,Now we are offering you 50 metric tons of premixed concrete.,我们现在向你们报,50