副词和副词词组市公开课一等奖省赛课微课金奖PPT课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2013/1/6,#,副词和副词词组,副词和形容词一样，也在句中句中主要作修成份，所不一样是副词（词组）可修饰动词、形容词、副词和介词等；副词词组主要在句子中作状语，表示时间、地点、方式等意义；副词词组还可修饰整个句子，表示说话人对话语态度和看法，就是用副词词组作评注性状语；当然副词词组还能够做连接性状语，这种副词词组中心词叫做连接副词,。,第1页,副词分类,按词组成,:early late fast,简单副词,(Simple Adverb),派生副词,(Derivative Adverb):,绝大多数副词都是派生副词如,carefully,、,angrily,、,politly,、,recently,等大都是由形容词加后缀,-ly,组成,按词汇意义划分,方式副词（,adberb of manner):happily,、,rudely,、,coldly,等,程度副词（,Adverb of Degree):almost,、,completely,、,hardly,等,时间副词（,Adverb of Time):already,、,before,、,finally,、,recently,等,频度副词（,Adverb of Frequently):always,、,constantly,、,frequently,、,地点副词（,Adverb of Place):above,、,up,、,below,、,down,等,连接副词（,Conjunctive Adverb):therefore,、,however,、,thus,等,讲解副词（,Explanatory Adverb):as,、,namely,（也就是、换句话说）,第2页,副词和副词词组主要使用方法,副词在词组中作修饰语,副词在词组中作状语,第3页,修饰动词,The completely ignord my views,I entirely agree with her,这里,completely,、,entirely,是程度副词，对随即动词起强调、弱化、强化等修饰作用。副词在作形容词、副词、介词等修饰语时也是词组成份，而不是分句成份,修饰形容词,That was a very funny film,He had an very deep voice,（深沉有力嗓音）,修饰介词和连词,少数几个副词（如,well,、,right,、,just,、,soon,等）也可用于修饰介词,I cant reach it;its well (,远远地）,over my head,Theres the house,right in front of you,his parents are dead(,完全地）,against the trip,修饰,限定词,一些程度副词可作前置修饰语修饰限定词,we walked about 5 miles,Virtually(,差不多）,all the students participated in the discussion,They recovered roughly(,大约）,half their equipment,类似使用方法还有,exactly the same much the same,等 比如：,this machine is ecactly the sme in design as the other one,they did it much the same way,第4页,修饰名词和整个名词词组,在非正式语体中，少数几个（如,quite,、,rather,等）程度副词都做前置修饰语，置于限定词之前修饰整个名词词组。比如：,It take quite time Shes rather a fool,还有一些地点副词和时间副词能作后置修饰语修饰名词，比如：,the way behind the meeting yesterday the man here his retrn home,等,也有些副词，包含上述一些副词，也能作前置修饰语修饰名词，比如：,the downstairs part of the house,the above sentence,the backstage noise,in after years,an away match(,在对方球场举行比赛）修饰副词：,He drives extremely carefully,He spoke sort of,proudly,副词上述使用方法都做前置修饰语，只有,enough,例外，作后置定语,She cooks well enough,He didt run fast enough,第5页,副词,词组在句中作状语,作,修饰性状语,作评注性状语,作连接性状语,修饰,性状语,副词词组作修饰性状语，表示动作、过程、状态等发生和存在时间、地点、方式等。副词词组在用作修饰性状语时，它在句中位置是比较灵活，能够位于句尾、句中或句首，但这也要从词汇意义上看中心词属于何种副词。普通来说，时间副词词组依据修饰需要置于句首、句中、句尾都能够。,recently they had an accident they recently had an accident they had an accident recently,方式副词词组置于句尾者居多,they live frugally(,节俭地）,he always drives carefully,但有时因为修饰需要也可置于句首。比如：,Quietly she walked on and on,地点副词词组位于句尾者居多。比如：,the porter will take your luggage upstairs the captain told the sailors to go below,I couldt find it though id looked everywhere,当两个或两个以上表示不一样意义状语在句中连续出现时，他们正常词序是：方式状语,地点状语,时间状语,the child piayed at the seaside from morning till night,上面所讲是状语正常语序，但在实际使用中，两个或两个以上状语次序排列毕竟不是很多。有时，因为不一样语义意图，为了强调某首先意义，是句子结构平衡和节奏流畅，或者为了上下文自然承接，也能够把时间状语放在句首,第6页,评注性状语,评注性状语即分离性状语，于修饰性状语不一样。他不是修饰谓语和谓语动词，而是对整个句子进行解释说明，表示说话人对话语看法或态度；而且评注性状语不与他所评说句子在结构上紧密结合，通常位于句首。比如,：,I dont think he will interview you personnally(,修饰性状语）,Personnally,I dont think he will intrview you,评注性,副词通常由一些副词和副词词组表示,Honestly,I think you are mistaken,Officially,he is on holiday;actually,he is in hospital,有时候，评注性状语出现在句末，这时也需要用逗号隔开,the expedition was a success,scientifically(,评注性状语）,the expedition was a success scientfically,（方式状语）,有时又是位于中间,she wisely didt attempt to apologise,评注,性状语也可由介词词组、非限定分句、无动词分句表示，间或也可由限定分句表示,in my opinion,youd better go with us,to be sure,some people may disagree,even more important ,he is in charge of the project,第7页,连接性状语,连 接 性 状 语 通 常 由 连 接 副词、解 说 副 词以及介词词组等表示。这种结 构 是 在 句 子 或 分 句之间起连接作用。既不一样于 修 饰 性 状 语和评注性状语，也不一样于并列连词和隶属连词。,就词汇意义说，连接性状语可分为：,表示列举和次序连接性状语：,first(ly),、,second(ly),、,third,（,ly),、,；,one,、,two,；,for one thing for another,等,they talked about it for hours.Finally,they decided to go,表示同位关系连接性状语：,namely,for example,that is,for instance,等等,表示意义增补和引申意义连接性状：,also,besides,in addition,above all,等,the house is not big enough for us,and furthermore,it is too far form town,表示结果连接性状语：,consequently,so,therefore,thus,等,表示意义等同连接性状语：,equally,in the same way,等,表示推论连接性准状语：,else,therefore,then,in that case,等,do what you are told to,otherwise,you will be punished,第8页,表示换个说法连接性状语：,alternatively ,rather,in other words,表示意义转折连接性状语：,instead,on the country in contrast (,对比地）,表示让步连接性状语：,anyhow anyway however ,nevertheless(,然而，不过）,表示时间过渡连接状语：,meanwhile meantime in the meantime,等,表示转变话题连接性住状语：,by the way incidentally,等,表示概括或总结连接性状语：,then in all in conclusio n in a word,等,第9页,兼有两种形式副词,关于,clean/cleanly,副词,clean,作“径直地，完全地”解,I clean forget about it(,完全忘记）,the bullet wen,t,clean through his arm(,完全穿过）,副词,cleanly,常作“洁净利落地”讲,this knife doesnt cut clearly,关于,clear/clearly,副词,clear,作“完全地，径直地”讲这一使用方法与,clean,相同，有时能够交替使用，,clear,还能作隔开，不接触讲,stand clear of the gates(,离开门）,you should keep clear of that fellow(,不要与那家伙来往）,作其它解释时则用,clearly,不用,clear,can you see clearly(,清楚地）,from here?,he is clearly wrong (,显然）,但,在以下结构中用,clear,或,clearly,均可,the moon shone clear(ly)(,明亮地）,he spoke loud(ly,）,and clear(ly)(,清楚地）,第10页,关于,close/closely,副词,close,作近解,He lives close to the school,作其它解释时则用,closely,Watch what I do closly (,细心）,The prisoners were closely guarded (,严密地,),第11页,Thank you,丁延琪,第12页,