基于VHDL的电子表设计.ppt

单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,基于,VHDL,的电子表设计,邢安安,目录,电子表的系统分析和设计,计时器,状态机,闹钟寄存器,4,1,2,3,电子表顶层电路的实现,6,铃声管理模块,5,电子表的系统分析和设计,设计要求：,设计一个电子表，可以用于显示时间丶设定闹钟和整点报时。电子表的输入设备是一个,44,的编码键盘，输出设备是用于显示的,6,位,LED,数码管丶若干,LED,指示灯以及蜂鸣器。,电子表的系统分析和设计,.,开启或关闭整点报时和闹钟,.,设置闹铃时间,在电子表计时状态下按下设置闹钟键（键），进入设定闹钟时间状态。其他操作与校时操作流程一样。,每按一下整点报时开关键,（键），整点报时状态改变,每按一下闹钟开关键（键）,闹钟状态改变,LED,指示灯：,计时状态，显示当前时间；,校时和设闹状态，显示输入,时间,用于界面设计,.,校时操作,在电子表计时状态下按校,时键（键）进入校时状,态,使用数字键输入新,的时间并按下确认键（键,）,在校时状态下任何时刻按下取消键（键）可退出校时状态,Your Text,Your Text,Your Text,Your Text,电子表的系统分析和设计,Your Text,Your Text,Your Text,Your Text,闹钟时,间寄存器,计时器,铃声管理,系统结构和模块划分,Your Text,Your Text,状态机,计时器,分频器,时间计数的频率为,1Hz,，而外部晶振频率为,1MHz,所以需要,1M,分频计数器,计数器,时间计数器的目的是为了得到时间输出，因此需要每秒技术一次。,状态机,状态机模块是电子表的控制器，它给出其他模块的时序。状态机的输入信号是键盘模块的输出信号,keyvalue,keypressed,和,functionkey,。状态机的输出信号是缓存时间信号,buffertime,闹钟时间加载信号,alarmload,，计时器时间加载信号,timeload,，闹钟开关状态,alarmom,和整点报时开关状态,houralarmon,。,Time,是由用户通过键盘输入的时间信号，可以送给闹钟寄存器和计时器。,状态机包括两部分：,1.,用于产生缓存时间信号,buffertime,，闹钟时间加载信号,alarmload,和计时器时间加载信号,timeload,，称这部分状态机为校时和设闹状态机。,2.,用于产生闹钟开关状态信号,alarmon,和整点报时开关状态信号,houralarmom,，称为闹钟和整点报时开关状态机。,闹钟和整点报时状态机,Text in,here,Text in,here,Text in,here,每按一下整点报时开关键（,C-1100,），整点报时的状态改变一次；,每按一下闹钟开关键（,D-1101,），闹钟的状态改变一次。,闹钟和整点报时状态机,闹钟寄存器,闹钟寄存器是一个带有并行加载功能的寄存器。其中,clk,是全局时钟，,buffertime,是并行加载的数据输入，,alarmload,为并行加载的控制输入，,alarmtime,为寄存器的输出。,Title in here,Title in here,Title in here,Title in here,A,B,C,D,铃声管理模块,闹钟铃声,状态机,Alarm time=,time,S0/0,S4/1,S2/0,S1/0,S3/1,Time(6)=1,Time(6)=0,Time(6)=1,Time(6)=0,alarmon,=0,电子表顶层电路的实现,闹钟和整点报时状态机,校时和设闹状态机,闹钟寄存器,计时器,校时和设闹输出,闹铃管理模块,Contents,Contents,Contents,Contents,顶层文件,采用元件例化的方法将各个模块连接起来，组成电子表系统,顶层程序,library,ieee,;,use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;,use,ieee.std_logic_arith.all,;,entity,clock_top,is,port(,clk,keypressed,functionkey:in,std_logic,;,keyvalue:in,std_logic_vector(3,downto,0);,displaytime:out,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,alarm_signal:out,std_logic,;,alarmon,houralarmon:buffer,std_logic,);,end,clock_top,;,architecture,rt,of,clock_top,is,component,statemachine,port(,clk,keypressed,functionkey:in,std_logic,;,keyvalue:in,std_logic_vector(3,downto,0);,iscount,alarmload,timeload:out,std_logic,;,buffertime:buffer,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0),);,end component;,component statemachine2,port(,clk,keypressed:in,std_logic,;,keyvalue:in,std_logic_vector(3,downto,0);,alarmon,houralarmon:out,std_logic,);,end component;,component counter,port(,clk,load:in,std_logic,;buffertime,:in std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,time:out,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0),);,end component;,component,alarmreg,port(,clk,alarmload:in,std_logic,;,buffertime:in,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,alarmtime:out,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0),);,end component;,component bell,port(,clk,houralarmon,alarmon:in,std_logic,;,alarmtime,time:in,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,alarm_signal:out,std_logic,);,end component;,signal buffertime,time,alarmtime:std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,signal,iscount,alarmload,timeload:std_logic,;,begin,sm1:statemachine,port,map(clk,keypressed,functionkey,keyvalue,iscount,alarmload,timeload,buffertime,);,sm2:statemachine2,port,map(clk,keypressed,keyvalue,alarmon,houralarmon,);,cnt:counter,port,map(clk,timeload,buffertime,time,);,reg:alarmreg,port,map(clk,alarmload,buffertime,alarmtime,);,bl:bell,port,map(clk,houralarmon,alarmon,alarmtime,time,alarm_signal,);,process(iscount,time,buffertime,),begin,if(iscount,=1)then,displaytime,=time;,else,displaytime,=,buffertime,;,end if;,end process;,end,rt,;,计数器程序（,1,）,library,ieee,;,use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;,use,ieee.std_logic_arith.all,;,use,ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all,;,entity counter is,port(,clk,load:in,std_logic,;,buffertime:in,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,time:out,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0),);,end counter;,architecture,rt,of counter is,component divider_1m,port(,clk:in,std_logic,;,clk1s:out,std_logic,);,end component;,signal clk1s:std_logic;,signal time_sig:std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,begin,u1:divider_1m port map(clk,clk1s);,process(clk1s,clk),begin,if(clkevent,and,clk,=1)then,if(load,=1)then,time_sig,=,buffertime,;,else,if(clk1s=1)then,if(time_sig(3,downto,0)=1001)then,time_sig(3,downto,0)=0000;,if(time_sig(7,downto,4)=0101)then,time_sig(7,downto,4)=0000;,if(time_sig(11,downto,8)=1001)then,time_sig(11,downto,8)=0000;,if(time_sig(15,downto,12)=0101)then,time_sig(15,downto,12)=0000;,if(time_sig(23,downto,16)=00001001)then,time_sig(23,downto,16)=00010000;,elsif(time_sig(23,downto,16)=00011001)then,time_sig(23,downto,16)=00100000;,else,time_sig(23,downto,16)=time_sig(23,downto,16)+1;,end if;,else,time_sig(15,downto,12)=time_sig(15,downto,12)+1;,end if;,else,time_sig(11,downto,8)=time_sig(11,downto,8)+1;,end if;,else,time_sig(7,downto,4)=time_sig(7,downto,4)+1;,end if;,else,time_sig(3,downto,0)=time_sig(3,downto,0)+1;,end if;,end if;,end if;,end if;,end process;,time=,time_sig,;,end,rt,;,library,ieee,;,use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;,use,ieee.std_logic_arith.all,;,entity divider_1m is,port(,clk:in,std_logic,;,clk1s:out,std_logic,);,end divider_1m;,architecture rt1 of divider_1m is,signal,cnt:integer,range 0 to 999999;,begin,process(clk,),begin,if(clkevent,and,clk,=1)then,if(cnt,cnthigh)then,cnt,=0;,clk1s=1;,else,cnt,=cnt+1;,clk1s=0;,end if;,end if;,end process;,end rt1;,计数器程序（,2,）,闹钟和整点报时,library,ieee,;,use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;,use,ieee.std_logic_arith.all,;,use,ieee.std_logic_unsigned.all,;,entity statemachine2 is,port(,clk,keypressed:in,std_logic,;,keyvalue:in,std_logic_vector(3,downto,0);,alarmon,houralarmon:out,std_logic,);,end statemachine2;,architecture,rt,of statemachine2 is,type state,is(s_off,s_on,);,signal,ps_alarmon,ns_alarmon,ps_houralarmon,ns_houralarmon:state,:=,s_off,;,begin,process(clk,),begin,if(clkevent,and,clk,=1)then,ps_alarmon,=,ns_alarmon,ps_houralarmon,=,ns_houralarmon,;,end if;,end process;,process(ps_alarmon,keypressed,keyvalue,),begin,if(ps_alarmon,=,s_on)then,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1101)then,ns_alarmon,=,s_off,;,else,ns_alarmon,=,ps_alarmon,;,end if;,alarmon,=1;,else,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1101)then,ns_alarmon,=,s_on,;,else,ns_alarmon,=,ps_alarmon,;,end if;,alarmon,=0;,end if;,end process;,process(ps_houralarmon,keypressed,keyvalue,),begin,if(ps_houralarmon,=,s_on)then,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1100)then,ns_houralarmon,=,s_off,;,else,ns_houralarmon,=,ps_houralarmon,;,end if;,houralarmon,=1;,else,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1100)then,ns_houralarmon,=,s_on,;,else,ns_houralarmon,=,ps_houralarmon,;,end if;,houralarmon,=0;,end if;,end process;,end,rt,;,闹钟寄存器,library,ieee,;,use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;,entity,alarmreg,is,port(,clk,alarmload:in,std_logic,;,buffertime:in,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,alarmtime:out,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0),);,end,alarmreg,;,architecture,rt,of,alarmreg,is,begin,process(clk,),begin,if(clkevent,and,clk,=1)then,if(alarmload,=1)then,alarmtime,=,buffertime,;,end if;,end if;,end process;,end,rt,;,铃声管理,library,ieee,;,use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;,entity bell is,port(,alarmtime,time:in,std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,alarmon,houralarmon,clk:in,std_logic,;,alarm_signal:out,std_logic,);,end bell;,architecture,rt,of bell is,signal,alarm,houralarm:std_logic,;,type state is(s0,s1,s2,s3,s4);,signal,present_state,next_state:state,:=s0;,begin,process(clk,alarmon,),begin,if(alarmon,=0)then,present_state,=s0;,elsif(clkevent,and,clk,=1)then,present_state,if(alarmtime,=,time)then,next_state,=s1;,else,next_state,if(time(6)=1)then,next_state,=s2;,else,next_state,if(time(6)=0)then,next_state,=s3;,else,next_state,if(time(6)=1)then,next_state,=s4;,else,next_state,If(time(6)=0)then,next_state,=s0;,else,next_state,next_state,=s0;,end case;,end process;,process(present_state,),begin,if(present_state,=s3 or,present_state,=s4)then,alarm=1;,else,alarm=0;,end if;,end process;,process(houralarmon,time,),begin,if(houralarmon,=1and time(15,downto,0)=0000000000000000)then,houralarm,=1;,else,houralarm,=0;,end if;,end process;,alarm_signal,=alarm or,houralarm,;,end,rt,;,状态机,library,ieee,;,use ieee.std_logic_1164.all;,use,ieee.std_logic_arith.all,;,entity,statemachine,is,port(,clk,keypressed,functionkey:in,std_logic,;,keyvalue:in,std_logic_vector(3,downto,0);,buffertime:bufferstd_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,iscount,alarmload,timeload:out,std_logic,);,end,statemachine,;,architecture,rt,of,statemachine,is,type state is(count,modifytime1,modifytime2,modifytime3,modifytime4,modifytime5,modifytime6,modifytime7,loadtime,setalarm1,setalarm2,setalarm3,setalarm4,setalarm5,setalarm6,setalarm7,loadalarm);,signal,present_state,next_state:state,:=count;,signal time_temp:std_logic_vector(23,downto,0);,begin,process(clk,),begin,if(clkevent,and,clk,=1)then,present_state,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1110)then,next_state,=modifytime1;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1111)then,nextstate,=setalarm1;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,end if;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=0010)then,next_state,=modifytime2;,time_temp(23,downto,20)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,functionkey,=0and,time_temp(23,downto,20)=0001)then,next_state,=modifytime3;,time_temp(19,downto,16)=,keyvalue,;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=0011and,time_temp(23,downto,20)=0010)then,next_state,=modifytime3;,time_temp(19,downto,16)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=0101)then,next_state,=modifytime4;,time_temp(15,downto,12)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,functionkey,=0)then,next_state,=modifytime5;,time_temp(11,downto,8)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=0101)then,next_state,=modifytime6;,time_temp(7,downto,4)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,functionkey,=0)then,next_state,=modifytime7;,time_temp(3,downto,0)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1010)then,next_state,=,loadtime,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,end if;,time_temp,next_state,=count;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=0010)then,next_state,=setalarm2;,time_temp(23,downto,20)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,functionkey,=0and,time_temp(23,downto,20)=0001)then,next_state,=setalarm3;,time_temp(19,downto,16)=,keyvalue,;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=0011and,time_temp(23,downto,20)=0010)then,next_state,=setalarm3;,time_temp(19,downto,16)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=0101)then,next_state,=setalarm4;,time_temp(15,downto,12)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,functionkey,=0)then,next_state,=setalarm5;,time_temp(11,downto,8)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=0101)then,next_state,=setalarm6;,time_temp(7,downto,4)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,functionkey,=0)then,next_state,=setalarm7;,timetemp(3,downto,0)=,keyvalue,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,time_temp,if(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1011)then,next_state,=count;,elsif(keypressed,=1and,keyvalue,=1010)then,next_state,=,loadalarm,;,else,next_state,=,present_state,;,end if;,time_temp,next_state,=count;,time_temp,next_state,=count;time_temp,=,time_temp,;,end case;,end if;,end process;,buffertime,=,time_temp,;,process(present_state,),begin,if(present_state,=,count)then,iscount,=1;,else,iscount,=0;,end if;,if(present_state,=,loadtime)then,timeload,=1;,else,timeload,=0;,end if;,if(present_state,=,loadalarm)then,alarmload,=1;,else,alarmload,=0;,end if;,end process;,end,rt,;,