(全国重庆专用)12语法课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,语法专项提升,代词,一、常用代词辨析,none,和,no one,；,none,和,neither,(1)none,没人，没有任何东西，既可指人，也可指物。后可接,of,短语，常用来回答,how many,引导的疑问句。,How many of you have seen the film?,你们中有多少人看过这部电影？,None(of us),一个也没有。,no one,表,“,没有人，谁也不,”,，只指人，作主语时，后跟单数动词。常可用来回答,who,引导的问句。,Who can answer the question,？谁能回答这个问题？,No one.,没人。,(2)none,作可数名词用时，指三者或三者以上，作主语时谓语动词用单数或复数均可，作不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，在句中作主语或宾语，不作定语，不与名词连用。,None of the books are(is)interesting.,这些书都没意思。,None of the rubbish has been removed.,这些垃圾还没运走。,(3)neither,指,“,两个人或物中一个也不，两者都不,”,表否定意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。,Neither answer is right.,两个答案都不对。,another,，,other,，,the other,，,others,和,the others,(1)another,指,“,任何一个,”“,再一,”“,另一,”,，作代词或形容词，用于三者或三者以上。,Please come another day.,请改天再来。,He will stay here for another 3 days.(,3 more days),他还要在这里呆三天。,(2)other,泛指,“,另外的,”,，只作定语，常与复数名词或不可数名词连用，但如果前面有,the,，,this,，,that,，,some,，,any,，,each,，,every,，,no,，,none,，one,，,or,以及形容词性物主代词时，则可与单数名词连用。,Would you please make it some other day,？,(,another day),能否改在另一天呢？,He has no other close friends like John.,他没有别的像,John,那样的好朋友了。,(3)the other,指,“,两者中的另一个,”,，常与,one,连用，构成,one.the other.,一个,另一个,。作定语修饰复数名词时，表示,“,全部其余的,”,。,The other students in my class are from Italy.,我班其余学生都是意大利人。,(4)others,是,other,的复数形式，泛指,“,别的人或物,”,(,但不是全部,),，不能作定语，可构成,some.,，,others.,。,Some students are cleaning the classroom,；,others are playing on the playground.,一些学生在打扫教室，另一些在操场上玩。,(5)the others,是,the other,的复数形式，特指,“,全部其余的人或物,”,。,I have got ten,pencils.Two,of them are red,；,the others are blue.,我有十支铅笔，两支红的，其余都是蓝色的。,二、,such,作指示代词的用法,such,修饰可数和不可数名词，构成,such,(a),adj,.,n,.,的结构。,He has had such a lovely day today.,他今天过得很愉快。,We have had such fun.,我们得到了极大的乐趣。,such,和,all,，,any,，,many,，,no,，,one,，,some,，,few,等一起修饰名词时，,such,需放在这些词之后。,I have seen many such people.,我见过许多这样的人。,All such possibilities must be considered.,所有这种可能会发生的事件都要考虑到。,三、,so,作指示代词可代替形容词、名词或前句中的内容，常常与,believe,，,expect,，,hope,，,imagine,，,suppose,，,be afraid,等连用。,He is an honest boy and I believe so.,他是个诚实的孩子，我相信这点。,Will the train arrive on time,？,I don,t expect so.,火车会正点到达吗？,我想不会。,四、,it,的用法,(1),指代事物、动物、婴儿或未知的人。,Look at the,baby.Isn,t,it lovely?,看那个小婴儿，它不可爱吗？,Who is that,？谁在那里？,It,s only me.,我。,(2),指天气、时间、距离、自然现象，环境等。,It,s very cold today.,今天很冷。,It,s twenty miles to the zoo.,到动物园,20,里路。,(3),作先行代词代替不定式、动名词、名词性从句，作形式主语或形式宾语。,It,s of great help to master a foreign language.,掌握一门外语很有帮助。,I find it quite necessary to make some changes.,我发现有必要做出改变。,It,s no good(no use,，,useless,，,senseless,，,dangerous,，,enjoyable,，,worthwhile),v,.,ing,.,It,s no use arguing with him.,同他争论没什么用。,(4),表示,“,喜欢、恨,”,等心理方面的动词后面接,it,，构成固定结构，这类动词常用,enjoy,，,prefer,，,love,，,like,，,hate,，,dislike,，,appreciate,等。,I will appreciate it if you can give me a hand.,如果你能帮我一把，我会很感激。,I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone.,有时，非得用法语打电话，我感到很讨厌。,I like it when she sings a song for me.,我喜欢她为我唱歌。,I can,t help it if he is always late.,如果他总是迟到，我也没办法。,1,(2009,年全国卷,)One of the most important questions they had to consider,was_of,public health.,A,what,B,this,C,that D,which,【,解析,】,句意为：他们必须考虑的最重要的问题之一就是公众健康问题。此题考查的是,that,的指代用法，,that,在此等于,the question,。,【,答案,】,C,2,(2009,年全国卷,)Charles was alone at home,，,with_looking,after him.,A,someone B,anyone,C,not one D,no one,【,解析,】,句意为：查尔斯独自一人在家，没有人照顾他。,no one,nobody,没有人。,【,答案,】,D,3,(2009,年全国卷,)The CDs are on sale,！,Buy one and you,get_completely,free.,A,other B,others,C,one D,ones,【,解析,】,句意为：,CD,减价销售了！买一赠一。此处,one,用来替代,a CD,。,【,答案,】,C,4,(2009,年北京卷,)Being a parent is not always easy,，,and being the parent of a child with special needs often carries,with_extra,stress.,A,it B,them,C,one D,him,【,解析,】,句意为作家长不容易，作一个孩子有特殊需求的家长更具有压力。此题考查代词。,it,指代前面的,“,being the parent of a child with special needs,”,。,【,答案,】,A,5,(2009,年上海卷,),Wow,！,You,ve got so many clothes.,But_of,them are in fashion now.,A,all B,both,C,neither D,none,【,解析,】,句意为：,哇！你衣服真多啊。,但是没一件是跟得上潮流的。根据句意，,but,引导转折句，空格处应用否定词,none,。,【,答案,】,D,6,(2009年重庆卷,)Over the past 20 years,，,the Internet has helped change our world,in_way,or another for the better.,A,any B,one,C,every D,either,【,解析,】,句意为：在过去的,20,年里，因特网以某些方式改善了我们的世界。在本题中，,one way or another,是固定搭配，意思是,“,by some means,，,methods,，,etc,”,。,【,答案,】,B,7,(2009,年浙江卷,),I,ve read another book this week.,Well,，,maybe_is,not how much you read but what you read that counts.,A,this B,that,C,there D,it,【,解析,】,句意为：,这星期我又读了一本书。,嗯，也许重要的不是你看了多少，而是看了什么。考查强调句：,It is/was,被强调部分,that,从句，故选,D,。,【,答案,】,D,8,(2009,年四川卷,)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,，,but I don,t have enough money to buy_.,Aone B,it,C,this D,that,【,解析,】,句意为：我喜欢这套带漂亮前院的房子，但是我没有足够的钱去买它。在代词中，,one,用于泛指某类中的一个；,it,用于特指，指前面提及的单数个体；,this,用于指已经提到或已知的人、物、主意等；,that,用于名词或代词前，那个，指人或事物，尤指在空间或时间上较远的物等。,【,答案,】,B,9,(2009,年江苏卷,)Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared,with_of,their parents.,A,those B,one,C,both D,that,【,解析,】,句意为：,9/10,的父母认为，与自己的父母相比，他们在教育孩子的方法上有很大的不同。这里,that,指的是,approach,。,【,答案,】,D,10,(2009,年山东卷,)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn,t,face_day,like that.,A,Other B,another,C,the other D,others,【,解析,】,句意为：昨天一整天我都感觉很糟糕，所以今天早晨我决定不能像那样面对另一天了。,another,泛指别的任何一天；,other,作定语，其前通常加,some,，,several,，,one,等限定词；,the other,强调两者中的另一个；,others,不作定语。,【,答案,】,B,1,(2010,届湖南长沙市一中月考,)The best job,is_that,uses your skill in doing something together with your,inetrest,in the subject.,A,it B,the one,C,that D,one,【,解析,】,考查代词。,one,泛指,“,一个，一份,”,，代指同类事物中的一个，,it,代替前面所提到的事物，,the one,指特定的那个。句意为：最好的工作是可以发挥你的能力并且你感兴趣的工作。,【,答案,】,D,2,(2010,届南开中学期中测试,)The cars on show are so cheap,，,but still I can,t afford_.,A,it B,this,C,one D,that,【,解析,】,考查代词。展出的那些车都很便宜，但是我还是买不起一辆车。用,one,表示没有具体所指的,“,一个,”,，这里相当于,a car,。,【,答案,】,C,3,(2010,届襄樊四中月考,),Which one can I take?,You can,take_of,them,；,I,ll keep none.,A,all B,any,C,both D,either,【,解析,】,考查代词。依据下文的,none,一词可知，该处所说的事物不止两个，所以,C,错误；再依据题意可知，这里是让对方都拿走，所以用,all,。,【,答案,】,A,4,(2010,届日照期中测试,)I would appreciate_,，,to be frank,，,if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.,A,you B,this,C,it D,myself,【解析,】,考查代词。此处,it,作形式宾语，代替后面的,“,if goods could be delivered as soon as possible,”,。,to be frank,为插入语。,【,答案,】,C,5,(2010,届安徽师大附中一模,)His test results are not very,consistent.He,does,well_week,and badly the next.,A,one B,another,C,the other D,some,【,解析,】,one.and the next.,表示,“,一个,另一个,”,。,【,答案,】,A,6,(2010届浙江嘉兴一中摸底测验,),Do you want tea or coffee?,_.I really don,t mind.,A,None B,Neither,C,Either D,All,【,解析,】,由,“,I really don,t mind,”,可知，答话人对于是喝,tea,还是,coffee,都无所谓，即要哪一个都行。,【,答案,】,C,7,(2010,届天津市河东区一模,)All of us want very much to see these amusing movies,，,especially_you,referred to just now.,A,Any B,it,C,the one D,one,【,解析,】,考查代词辨析。,one,可以用来指代前面提到的人或事物。,you referred to just now,修饰,one,，故此处用,the one,，表示特指。,【,答案,】,C,8,(2009,年西城,4,月,),Would you like to go and watch a tennis match this weekend with us?,I,m sorry,，,but I,ve,got_plans,.,A,other B,another,C,some D,more,【,解析,】,考查代词辨析。语境表示没有具体交代的看网球比赛之外的,“一些计划,”,，用,other,复数名词。,【,答案,】,A,9,(2009,年海淀一模,),What do you think of,Obama,s,address to the nation?,I,like_of,what he,said.His,success has proved that the American dream can be turned into a reality.,A,many B,few,C,much D,little,【,解析,】,考查代词的辨析。我们通常把,what,连接的名词性从句视为不可数名词，因此应从选项,C,和,D,之间选择。由于下一句表示肯定意义故选,much,。,【,答案,】,C,10,(2010,届东城第一学期检测,)Flowers growing in a,well,equipped,greenhouse,find_hard,to survive in the wild.,A,it B,that,C,So D,very,【,解析,】,在,think/feel/find,等词后，常接,it,作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在后面，所以答案为,A,。其实，该句还可以转换为：,Flowers growing in a,well,equipped,greenhouse find that it is hard to survive in the wild.,【,答案,】,A,11,(2009,年江西重点中学协作体联考,),There must be a dozen hands in this house but I can never find one when I need it.,Be,patient._is,sure to turn up.,A,One B,It,C,This D,That,【,解析,】,考查代词的用法。此处表示泛指，代替单数可数名词，故用,one,。,it,用来代指上文提到的同一个事物。,【,答案,】,A,12,(2009,年河南省示范三联,)Chinese parents think less of money,when_comes,to educating their children.,A,one B,he,C,that D,it,【,解析,】,句意为：当涉及对孩子的教育时中国的家长很少考虑花钱多少。,when it comes to,sth,./doing,sth,.,相当于,when it is a case,，,matter or question,of(doing)sth,.,当涉及,时。,【,答案,】,D,