Club设计教材.ppt

按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,*,高爾夫球運動早在十五世紀的英國就已相當盛行，然而它是起源於十二世紀的蘇格蘭，傳說中，,高爾夫是由牧羊人為打發漫長的放牧時間，以一根彎曲的棍子和用羽毛捆成的橡皮球來玩的一種叫“巴卡尼克”的遊戲。,據考證，,高爾夫,(Golf),這個詞最早出現在,1457,年蘇格蘭議會檔中,。由於當時高爾夫球非常盛行，它將許多年輕人從射箭運動中吸引了過來。因此，政府準備下令禁止這項運動。,1457,年,3,月，蘇格蘭王室詹姆斯二世國王，頒佈了一項“完全停止幷且取締高爾夫球”的法令。原因是這項消遣性極強的運動，嚴重影響了蘇格蘭青年演練蘇格蘭“國術”,射箭。這項法令是第一次提到有關高爾夫運動的文件。,剛開始的高爾夫是一個蠻簡單的遊戲,(,現在也應該是,),，想像牧羊人們互相對抗，用他們的牧羊杖做球杆，看誰可以將一顆石頭或甚至羊的糞便，從草地上打入兔子的洞中，再者，他們為了增加困難度，他們將為羊挖的沙坑,(,讓羊避風的,),也加入遊戲的一部份，而成為了世界第一個高爾夫球沙坑或水池,(,因為積水,).,高爾夫球運動在蘇格蘭東岸蓬勃發展，從愛丁堡到亞伯丁，內陸延伸到伯斯，而以聖安卓為中心，聖安卓俱樂部也在,1754,年引進他們自家的銀桿，並且使用最早的,13,條規則，稍後聖安卓正式更名為皇家古球場，因為英國皇室在十五世紀與十六世紀曾經參與這項運動，聖安卓後來進一步成為世界高球的統治者。,最早的高爾夫球是以木頭作成，但是不要說去打它，在蘇格蘭惡劣的天候中，木球難免就會經常破裂或變形，因此後來就出現了羽毛作成的球。,高爾夫球大幅演進，從,18,世紀末紀開始，到今天面貌已經完全不同，最早是,19,世紀初的羽毛高爾夫球，以皮革製成，其外包覆羽毛，這種球一下子就成為市場上的主流,，不久之後以,馬來樹膠,(gutta-percha),製成的球問世,，高爾夫球慢慢變成我們現在所看到的樣式，為了提高擊球者的表現，更引進了高科技，,化學聚合物開始運動在高爾夫球之上,，讓擊球者可以將球擊得更遠，打得更精準。,目前各場牌的高爾夫球其實規格也不完全相同，有,兩層式也有三層式，兩層式的擊球距離較遠，三層式的控球較為容易，外皮主要有兩種材料，塑膠皮,(,Surlyn,),多為兩層式，質地較為堅硬，樹脂皮,(Balata),材質較軟，用來打倒旋球最適合，很多職業選手都比較偏好樹脂外皮的球。,The standardization of 18 holes can be credited to St.Andrews,.,Prior to the mid-1760s-and right up until the early 1900s-it was common to find golf courses that were comprised of 12 holes,or 19,or 23,or 15,or any other number.Then,around 1764,St.Andrews converted from 22 holes to 18 holes,.The reason?Well,everyone knows,18 holes are easier to take care of than 22!,Eighteen holes did not become the standard until the early 1900s,but from 1764 onward,more courses copied the St.Andrews model.Then,in 1858,the Royal&Ancient Golf Club of St.Andrews issued new rules.,高爾夫球場也許不只,18,洞，可能有,27,洞、,36,洞，,但是一個回合以,18,洞為標準,，,每一洞都有一個球洞，這個球洞就是擊球者的目標，以構造來說，每一洞在距離、地形都有所不同，,標準桿通常都是,3,到,5,桿，標準桿的意義也很簡單，就是指擊球者應該用幾桿將球打進球洞，球場自行訂定標準桿，訂定的原則有兩個，第一個是距離，第二個是難度。,標準桿三桿的球洞一般來說最短，通常在,240,碼之內，標準桿三桿的球洞擊者球應該開球開上果嶺，然後兩推進洞為標準；而標準桿四桿的球洞長度較長，開球無法上到果嶺，必須再打第二桿，上果嶺後兩推；至於標準桿五桿的球洞是長度最長的球洞，第二桿須盡量打到靠近果嶺的位置，第三桿再短切上果嶺，再加上兩推所以標準桿是五桿。,Difficulty Rating,10,17,13,11,7,8,6,15,3,2,9,14,16,4,18,12,5,1,Case1(Plan),Shot1 250Yard(#1W),Shot2 215Yard(#3W),Putter1(PT),Putter2(PT),Total 4 shot,Case2(Plan),Shot1 260Yard(#1W),Shot2 205Yard(#5W,#3I),Putter1(PT),Putter2(PT),Total 4 shot,Handicap,3*2+4*5+5*2=6+20+10=36,Shot1 180Yard(#7W,#5I),Putter1(PT),Putter2(PT),Total 3 shot,Shot1 250Yard(#1W)250Yard(#1W),Shot2 220Yard(#3W)200Yard(#3I),Shot3 105Yard(#Pw)125Yard(#Pw),Putter1(PT)Putter1(PT),Putter2(PT)Putter2(PT),Total 5 shot Total 5 shot,下場可帶,14,支,Club(a)3W+10Iron+PT,(b)2W+2Utility+9Iron+PT,高爾夫球桿有木桿、鐵桿、推桿、挖起桿及特殊桿等，特殊桿是專為某些特別球路而設計的球桿。下場擊球不能攜帶超過,14,支,，一般裝在一個球桿袋內以便攜帶,。,：軟鉄鍛造,：,TXD-65,角,9.5,10.5,角,58,角,-0.5,体積,370,長,44.5,重,316（S）,D2,（,S）,SR,S,X,重,59,60,61,4.8,4.7,4.6,調子,手元,1.,木桿,木桿的桿頭早先是用木頭製成，故稱木桿，目前已很稀少。現今木桿桿頭已多為金屬製成，稱為金屬木桿，以不銹鋼與鈦金屬材質為大宗。,木桿可分為,1,、,2,、,3,、,4,、,5,、,6,、,7,、,8,、,9,號，但是市面上以,1,、,3,、,4,、,5,、,7,號較常見。,1,號木桿最長通常用於擊遠距離開球用，桿頭角最小，擊球有力，稱為開球桿，一般在,4,桿洞場地和,5,桿洞場地開球使用。而其它,Wood,稱為球道桿,(Fairway Wood),一般使用在第二桿之,Fairway,上,.,Loft,Lie,Face Angle,Head,體積,Club,長,Club,重,Balance,Flex,重量,Torque,調子,番手,3,5,7,角,15,18,21,角,58.5,59,59.5,角,-1,体積,140,130,130,長,42.25,41.25,40.25,重,(S),328,336,343,(S),D2,SR,S,X,重,62,65,67,3.2,調子,中,番手,3,5,7,SR,S,X,-,硬度,扭力,重量,(g.),彈射點,Driver,揮桿速度,/,飛行距離,最長可加長之長度,X Stiff,NA,110 to 130,High,105 mph/273,碼,2,英吋,Stiff,NA,110 to 130,Mid/High,90 to 105/234 to 273,碼,2,英吋,Regular,NA,110 to 130,Mid,80 to 90/208 to 234,碼,2,英吋,A Flex,NA,110 to 130,Low/Mid,60 to 80/156 to 208,碼,2,英吋,Lady,NA,110 to 130,Low,60 mph/156,碼,2,英吋,標準桿身長度如下表,(,女性球友的桿身長度減,1(1,英吋,=2.54,公分,),WOODS,木桿,一般金屬桿頭,&,鋼製桿身,一般金屬桿頭,&,碳纖桿身,鈦金屬桿頭,&,碳纖桿身,1,43.5,44.0,45.0,2,43.0,43.5,44.0,3,42.5,43.0,43.5,4,42.0,42.5,43.0,5,41.5,42.0,42.5,6,41.0,41.5,42.0,7,40.5,41.0,41.5,番手,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,PW,PS,SW,角,21,24,27,31,35,39,43,48,53,58,角,60.5,60.5,60.75,61,61.5,62,62.5,63,63,63,長,38.5,38,37.5,37,36.5,36,35.5,35,35,34.5,D2,D4,D4,NS PRO 950GH,D0,D2,D2,2.,鐵桿,鐵桿的桿頭因桿面的角度與球桿長短不同可打出不同距離，一般分為長、中、短三種，按長度分為,111,號，,1,、,2,、,3,、,4,、,5,號鐵桿稱為長鐵桿，桿身長但是總重量較輕，擊球距離遠；,6,、,7,、,8,號鐵桿稱為中鐵桿，,9,、,10(PW),、,11(F,或,A),號鐵桿稱為短鐵桿，用於近距離或不易擊球的球位。推桿專用於果嶺上擊球。,3.,挖起桿,挖起桿按用途分為劈起桿、沙坑桿。劈起桿桿頭角較大，桿身短但是總重量較重，在百碼之內專打高且近的球。沙坑桿,(SW),專用於沙坑上擊球。有為在近距離將球打上果嶺或要越過眼前障礙時使用的劈起桿,(PW),以及為由沙坑中將球救出時使用的沙坑挖起桿,(SW),。,Chrome Wedge Specifications:,Model,Loft,Lie,Bounce,Length,Benefits,900,*,46,64,8,35.50,Traditional lofted PW for all turf conditions.,*,48,64,8,35.50,Weak lofted PW for all turf conditions.,*,50,64,10,35.25,This modern lofted Gap Wedge compliments the 45 and 46 perfectly.,*,52,64,6,35.25,Fills gap between PW and SW,good from firm turf conditions.,Low Bounce,*,52,64,10,35.25,Fills gap between PW and SW.,*,54,64,10,35.00,Strong lofted SW for firm turf and sand conditions.,番手,U2,U3,U4,U5,U6,角,16,19,22,25,27,角,59.5,60,60.5,61,61.5,角,+0.5,体積,118,117,111,109,109,TSU-50,長,40.25,39.75,39.25,38.75,38.25,重（,R,）,320,323,327,331,336,（,R,）,C9,特殊桿,(Utility),依據個,人及須求所設計之同,時擁有,Wood,及,Iron,特性之,Club.,LS-01,LS-02,LS-03,LS-04,LS-01L,角,3,角,72,長,34,重,480,490,480,4.,推桿,球上果嶺後用推桿將球推進洞，不可用其他桿具。其材質、角度、長短與形式應有盡有。,Club,評價方式與廣告特色需求,Shaft,特色說明與評價設備,USGA,針對,Club,之測定方法與規則,Head,部位名稱及功能,Real loft(Face,與,Shaft,中心線之角度,),Roll,F.P,(Face Progression),Face,角,重心,Angle,Sole,寬,(,中心,),Sole,寬,(,Heel),Sole,寬,(,Toe),Toe,Crown,Score line,Blade,Hosel,Pocket,Neck,SWING,WEIGHT,亦稱為,SWING,BALANCE,次此數值,之發明是以,Club,總重量來表達,Club,揮動之難易度,.,測定原理,.,如上圖所示,自,Grip,端點往,Head,方向,14,inch,之位置為測定支撐點,(,紅色 位置,),此時,Club,重量*,L,力距,=14,inch*15.25Ounce=213.5inch.ounce=Do,上図示赤三角位置（,GRIP,END,角,14inch,位置）水平,GRIP END,角重量。回転測。回転記号。,回転,inch,（,25.4mm,）、,ounce,（,28.35g,）,計算。,D0,inchounce,14inch15.25ounce,1Point,1.75,inchounce,全長（表示長）,44.75(44.5),44.75(44.5),重量,315,305,振動数,feeling,feeling,D0,C9,実測,実測,9.5,11,57,59,DESIGN,DESIGN,DESIGN,DESIGN,HOSEL,長,55,55,重量,196,195,体積,390,430,高,50,50,長,95,95,肉厚,2.7,2.7,BULGE,250,300,ROLL,250,250,幅,DESIGN,DESIGN長,DESIGN,DESIGN,厚（,CARBO,）,1,1,幅,DESIGN,DESIGN,長,DESIGN,DESIGN,厚,1.2,1.2,高,DESIGN,DESIGN,厚,DESIGN,DESIGN,試打決定,t,部品位置,t,部品体積,t,部品重量,Face,材料,TVC,TVC,塗装色,DESIGN,DESIGN,表面処理,無,無,角度,無,無,角度,DESIGN,DESIGN,長,1111.7,1111.7,形状,肉厚,重量,65,60,S,4.5,5,45%,50%,V,中,先,材料,塗装色,DESIGN,DESIGN,表面処理,DESIGN,DESIGN,外径,feeling,feeling,形状,feeling,feeling,肉厚,feeling,feeling,重量,49,45,硬,入,無,色,DESIGN,DESIGN,材料,M.S.E.,設計,Maximun,Sweet-AreaEffect,横慣性,体積大大,bulge,大,効果,重心深度,Bulge,Hook,回転,Heel,回転,Gear,效果,重心深度與,Bulge,之,Balance,Toe-Hook,迴轉,HeelSlice,迴,轉,體積越大,Head,之,Bulge,越大,橫慣性,Moment,住友,(,Dunlop,-Jpn,),之,Shaft,設計理論,彎曲剛性分佈,扭轉剛性分佈,機能分析,飛,Boll,初速,Spin,量,擊,打出角,度,C.O.R.,ImpactLoft,重量,HeadSpeed,Swing,軌道,ImpactLoft,重心高,摩擦係数,Swing,軌道,ImpactLoft,重心高,機能分析,曲,按,Square,方向揮動,時補正,重心,Angel,重心距離,重心深度,Torque,Flex,慣性,Moment,重心深度,Gear,効果,Torque,機能分析,振易,振,思通振,Shaft,曲剛性,Shaft,捩剛性,方向性,重量,重量分布,End,回慣性,Moment,機能分析,稀少機能,高耐久,高級感,高機能感,色,光沢,HeadShape,高強度,高耐傷性,高耐食性,高耐候性,HeadShape,機能部品,音,品質特性品質値,品質特性値満足品質値決,Shaft,彎,曲剛性,Shaft,扭轉,剛性,方向性,Square,方向揮動,思通振,重量,Shaft,重量分布,慣性,Moment,Shaft,剛性曲線,Club,化,重量分布曲線,Club,化,Flex,TorqueS.B.,是,代用特性,1.,The COR limit remains at 0.830,for all play in the United States and its territories.?Scores may be posted for handicap purposes only when achieved with clubs that satisfy the 0.830 COR limit.,The USGA proposes to change the method of determining conformance to Rule 5,Appendix II limiting the,spring-like effect,of the,clubhead,for driving clubs with loft of 15 degrees or less.If adopted,this change would go into effect beginning Jan.1,2004.,The United States Golf Association on Tuesday formally approved a proposal to measure a drivers,coefficient of restitution(COR),using a new pendulum device that require only a low speed strike to the club face by a small weight.,This new device,called the,Pendulum Tester,has significant advantages over the currently used COR test device.These advantages include:,1.The test is non-destructive.It can be performed on a complete club without removing the,clubhead,from the shaft.,非,破壞,2.The test takes less time to perform than the current USGA test.,省時,3.No golf ball is used in the test.,不使用球,4.The test equipment is simpler and easier to maintain than the current USGA test.,5.The tester is portable.,(,簡單易保養且可攜帶,),The Pendulum Tester measures the,flexibility or spring-like effect,of a driver head by striking the club face at low impact speeds with a defined metal mass suspended on a pendulum.The metal mass is instrumented to measure a time of contact between it and the club face.This time of contact is directly related to the amount of spring-like effect of the,clubhead,.The greater the time of contact,the greater the spring-like effect.The time measured is called the Characteristic Time(CT)of the,clubhead,.,The pendulum device measures Characteristic Time in micro seconds.The results of the test correlate very closely with a high degree of reliability to the currently used USGA COR test.The USGA proposes to limit spring-like effect to a CT value of 250 micro seconds,which includes a test tolerance.This correlates directly with a COR reading of 0.830.,Head,角度量測,(,伸峰角度台,),青,時傾向高、低、飛距離得適弾道見。,緑,柔傾向弾道高、球地面落期待。,水色,硬傾向弾道低、得。,Shaft,設計分類與理念,(,Flex,為依據,),藍線佳,綠線太軟,水藍色線太硬,学,FUJIKURA SHAFTOLOGY,重量文字通、総重量。重中負荷（慣性）密接関係、振、振影響。,硬度（曲）一般呼硬、手元端固定、先端部荷重加時量測定。大大、軟。硬方、,X,、S,、,R,、,A,、,L,F0,、,F1,、,F2,、,F3,表示。独自曲率曲線測定、考方用。,（,F,表示）通常表示表一部対、独自表示加。、静的物性軟、中動、戻早三軸織物使用等対象。,表,参考。,F3,L,A,、,F2,R,、,F1,SR,S,、,F0,SX,以上目安。,Shaft,重量,Shaft Flex,Shaft,硬度,力加曲、断面真円長円形変。変形現象認識。最小限度抑,三軸織物,。,（）際、特切返時時生。度合示数値。固定、一定力発生時角度表示。小小、向安定、事生抑、小硬感、取、安定初中級者、程度大手助。,Shaft,壓潰,Shaft Torque,曲率曲線硬度、重要要素先端部手元、部分最事。計測曲率分布、独自曲率曲線。横軸手元先端取、縦軸量取、部分、一目分。最大部分、最小部分差,Z,量表、量大中大意味。表示曲率曲線、主張個性一。,当（重量,）及曲率曲線、,45,長,60g,台,R,、,70g,以上,S,測定。,（,S,測定）,剛性分佈,E.I,、現曲率分布曲線表示。、目安、,T,（先）、,M,（中央）、,B,（手元）分類提供。,WOOD Shaft,T-ZONE,M-ZONE,B-ZONE,幅,小,大,小,大,小,大,|,感,高 速,SPD468,(F0,、,F1),SPD952,SPD757,SPD869,SPD553,SPD661,SIX,SPD693HK,中 速,SPD652,PROS3,S.SLK,SPD569,SPD573,LTL,SPD351,SPD468,(F2 F3),SPD557,PRO95,PRO80,HKL,SKW,SPD550,低 速,LTH,GADEL2,SS2,UL,Boron Light,MRV,SIQ,GADEL,