谈英语阅读理解的点滴感受 深圳翠园中学冯晓林.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,找寻规律 轻松,备,考,-,谈英语阅读理解的点滴感受,深,深,圳翠园中学 冯晓林,08/12/19,第四届全国新课程英语测试评价,暨广东省高考备考研讨会,找寻规律 有效备考,第一部分：,教,什么，怎么教，教到什么程,度,？,学,什么，怎么学，学到什么程,度,？,考,什么，怎么考，考到什么程,度,？,到哪里找寻？,度,高考（目的）,高考考到什么程,度,？,选拔,反拔,什么是高考？,智慧与技巧,信心和毅力,的理由,难度设置,找规律，,高考到什么程,度,？,常模考试 高考目标,高考是一种常模考试，它的选拔功能决定了要给大学输送不同层次的合格人才，决定了高考试题,的难易要分层次。而现在这种几十万考生的常模考试及招生面的扩大，决定了,难度分布,：,试卷包,括容易题、中档题和难题，其中以中档题为主。,阅读理解,也不例外。,1.,阅读理解考到什么程,度,？,大纲,要求？答：,略读,(skimming:reading for main idea.),能力,跳读,（,scanning:reading for specific info),精读,(study reading;in-depth reading),“,侧重,培养学生的阅读,能力,”。,1.,阅读理解,度,的分析：,略读,速度测试,测试,12,分,跳读,推理试题,力度测试,精读,细节试题,68,分,概括分析,语篇重建,完形填空,语法填空,1.,阅读理解,度,的分析：,“,侧重,培养学生的阅读,能力,”。,例如：,08,年广东高考英语阅读部分赋分情况：,80,40,第二部分：,找寻规律 轻松备考 以下为例：,2008,年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试,(,广东卷,),B,第一节 阅读理解,（,1,）,内容 （,2,）设题三种题型（体现真阅读,:cake story),46.You need to build a positive self-image when you _.,细节理解,47.According to the passage,our serf-images _.,细节理解,48.How should you change your serf-image according to the passage?,细节理解,49.What is the passage mainly about?,主旨大意,50.Who are the intended readers of the passage?,推理判断,1.,体现了命题的,原则,：,2.,表达了阅读的,目的,:,一,.,体现了命题,原则,：,1.,总体原则,2.,题干设计干扰项答案,（,1,）,问题,必须是,依托于文段,的，不能具有过多的常,识性，否则学生不需要阅读就可以回答问题。,（,2,）,问题,基本,根据文章顺序,分布，即根据阅读的顺,序分布。（阅读方法介绍：,介绍,1,介绍,2,）,（,3,）,问题,尽量,均匀分布在文段,的各个部分。,供老师们选题时参考。,题干暗示,（,4,）如设置词汇题，要注意有上下文提供线索以供猜测。,（遗憾的是依据材料的多样性，没有把握好）,2.,题干设计,（,1,）措辞简洁，不含生词，,句法结构难度与目标,考生水平相当，或者稍微容易一些，避免给,学生造成障碍。,因为测试的学生对于阅读文,段的理解而不是对题目的理解。,（,2,）,题干没有照搬原文，,有所变化。,（,3,）,题干最好是完整的问题，,如,what,、,when,、,how,、,who,、,where,、,which,等类问题。,如：,48.How should you change your serf-image according to the,passage?,49.What is the passage mainly about?,50.Who are the intended readers of the passage?,因为这种问题最接近真实生活中的阅读理解过程。,此外，不使用完整式题干会使学生在答题时反复,阅读题干，形成阅读负担或是记忆负担。,3.,干扰项,（,1,）措辞简洁，不含生词（,3,，,500,），句法结构难度,与目标考生相当，或者稍微容易一些，,避免给学,生造成障碍。,（,2,）不设置语法错误的选项，,避免混淆所要考查的重,点。,（,3,）,必须使用短文中所给信息。,例如：,（,4,）虽不正确，但要有一定的道理，这样才具有干扰性。,（）,选项长度相当，,都长或都短，或者是两长两短，也可以采取渐长或渐短的形式。,如果某选项长度明显不同，就会给考生不必要的暗示。,49.What is the passage mainly about?,A.How to prepare for your success.,B.How to face challenges in your life.,C.How to build a positive self-image.,D.How to develop your good qualities.,50.Who are the intended readers of the passage?,A.Parents.,B.Adolescents.,C.Educators.,D.People in general.,4.,答案,（,1,）必须只有一个答案。,（,2,）确实能够回答问题,。,（,3,）在结构和用词上与其他选项相近，避免给,考生以提示。,（,4,）看上去不要过长，或者过短，避免给考生以,提示。,（,5,）一篇短文的几个问题的答案分布要合理，注,意避免集中用某一项作为答案，例如五个答,案中有三个或四个是,A,；也不要有明显的规,则，例如,ABCD,、,DCBA,等。它是：,CBDCB,1.,体现了命题的原则：,2.,表达了阅读的,目的,:,信息：,主要信息（包括主信息主题）,辅助信息,潜在信息（意图或功能：态度）,有潜信息不考是遗憾。,如：顾 客：买这酒。,服务员：这酒名贵，,6,，,000,元一瓶。,获取信息,尤,其,是,新信息,？,信息：,主要信息（包括主信息主题）,辅助信息,潜在信息（意图或功能：态度）,还有很深厚的文化背景！,例如：,试题分析,例如：,1.,主信息（包括主信息主题）,主题句,49.What is the passage,mainly about,?,方法,（,1,）有时不只一个主信息，各个主信息,归纳起来就是一个总主信息。个别,信息为辅助信息，但以主信息主。,例如：,1.,主信息（包括主信息主题）,主题句,方法（,2,）新闻,A murderer who had stolen 10,000,yuan,and ran away after shooting down two guards was caught recently in,Dalian,a city in,Liaoning,Province.Han,Junping,was trying to change into womens clothing in a ladys room at,Dalian,railway station when he was noticed by two women passengers.They called the police who arrested Han.He had more than 8,000,yuan,on him.,1.The best headline for the above news story is_.,A.Women Arrest Murderer,B.Two Brave Women,C.Murderer Caught,D.Police Get 8,000 Yuan,方法（,3,）,Sure we all know that were the apple of our parents eyes,and that our Grandmas think were great talents and our Uncle Roberts think that we will go to the Olympics.,but,sometimes its a lot harder to think such nice thoughts about ourselves.If you find that believing in yourself is a challenge.,it is time you build a positive self-image and learn to love yourself.,信号词,46.You need to build a positive self-image when you _.,dare to challenge yourself,49.What is the passage mainly about?,C.How to build a positive self-image.,方法（,3,）,Thus,changing the way you think,about yourself is the key to changing your self-image and your whole world,.,信号词,！,方法,（,4,）,Practice makes perfect,48.How should you change your serf-image according to the passage?,A.To keep a different image of others.,B.To make your life successful.,C.To understand your own world.,D.To change the way you think.,例如：,2.,潜信息（意图、态度）,推理题,50Who are the intended readers of the,passage?,A.Parents.,B.Adolescents.,C.Educators.D.People in general.,Sure we all know that were the apple of,our parents,eyes,and that our Grandmas,分析：,学生犯错主因（命题人利用学生学习,中典型弱点进行信息干扰）,对,词语,错误,联想,联想错误,对,信息,错误,联想,对,信息,错误,判断,50.Who are the intended readers of the passage?,A.Parents.,B.Adolescents.,C.Educators.D.People in general.,Sure we all know that were the apple of,our parents,eyes,and that our Grandmas,1.,对,词语,错误,联想,2.,对,信息,错误,联想,3.,对,信息,错误,判断,分析,1,50.Who are the intended readers of the passage?,A.Parents.,B.Adolescents.,C.Educators.D.People in general.,our parents,Grandmas,Robert Uncles,people,those.,推理关系,（,1,）过宽（,2,）过窄,分析,2,puipls,例,3,辅助信息,细节题,(Supporting Details),篇章信息包含,:,信息组合,:,并列关系,语序关系,因果关系,正反关系,目的与手段,“,细节”决定成败,例（,1,）（,08,广东高考）,47.According to the passage,our serf-images _.,A.have positive effects,B.are probably untrue,C.are often,changeable,D.have different functions,Dont allow,doubts,to occur in it.,It very well might be that you are experiencing a,negative self-image because you,cant move past one flaw or weakness,that you see about yourself.,untrue,答案在关键词的周围，范围于某一局部,错误根源,:,定位不准,;,语意转化与原文有出入。,切忌通过自己对某类知识的主观了解做出凭空想象的判,断，每一道题目的选择都离不开对原文的理解和把握，,答题时要力求紧扣文章中心来寻找解题的线索。,.but sometimes,信号词支持,例（,2,）,07,年高考,(,广东卷,),英语,55.Which of the following questions has,NOT,been discussed in the passage?,A.How can we know one is suffering from malaria?,B.How many people are killed by malaria each year?,C.Why are there so many people suffering from malaria7,D.What has been done to keep people unaffected for long,？,毅力、细心与技巧,正题反问,把本来会做答案的肯定信息变为否定，使它们成为干扰项，这种技巧，把正常用正面问的问题变成反面提问，有点不自然，而受试者一时没有注意题干里的否定词，便会上当。即使注意到这是否定，脑子也一时转不过弯，容易被搞糊涂。,找寻规律 轻松备考,-,谈备考英语阅读理解的点滴感受,第一部分：考什么，怎么考，考到什么程度？,第二部分：,找寻规律 轻松备考,（,以,08,广东卷,B,篇阅读试题为依据）,1.,浅析了命题的原则；,2.,阅读的目的和对策。,0755-25089836,szfengxiaolin,You are welcome anytime!,Thats all,thank you!,Goodbye,！,