高三语法填空专题复习.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammatical Filling,高考语法填空专题复习：,题型解读,语法填空这种题型的显著特点都是将,语言知识,或,语法知识,放在语篇中进行考察,.,文章内容、体裁多样化（如体现文化内涵，或给人心灵以启迪故事等。）,一共,10,道小题,每道,1.5,分,.,（单词拼写及大小写错误为,0,分）,People are not so honest as they once,1,(be).The temptation to steal is greater than ever before-especially in large shops.A detective,2,_(recent)watched a well-dressed woman who always went into a large store on Monday mornings.One Monday,there were,_3_,(little)people in the shop than usual when _4_ woman came in,5 _,it was easier for the detective _6_(watch)her.The woman first bought a few small articles.,were,recently,fewer,the,so/therefore/thus,to watch,After a little while,she chose _7_ of the most expensive dresses in the shop and handed it to an assistant _8_ wrapped it up for her as quickly as possible.Then the woman simply took the parcel and walked out of the shop _9_ paying.When she was arrested,the detective found out _10_ the shop assistant was her daughter.The girl gave her mother a free dress once a week!,one,who,without,that,题型特点,一、纯空格填空（无提示词）：,/,二、提示词填空（适当形式）,：,/,虚词为主,实词,介词,连词,冠词,代词,助动词,动词,形容词,数词,名词,副词,高考语法填空考点解读与解题技巧,技巧,1,：,缺主语或宾语，考虑填,_,_,。如：,例,1,A real trial began when I stood on the platform with my legs trembling and my mind blank.Gradually I found,back,giving out my speech with difficulty,代词,(,多考代词,),注意：,在冠词,the,后若要填虚词，一般是,_,等代词,one(s,),other(s,),myself,一、纯空格填空（填虚词为主）的解题技巧。,技巧,2,：,名词前面，若没有限定词,很可能是填限定词,(_,_),。如：,例,2 After the student left,the teacher let _ student taste the water.,another,冠词、形容词性物主代词、,不定代词,技巧,3,：,当“,_(+,限定词,)+,名词”或“,_+,代词”,在句中不充当主语或宾语时，该空格通常应填,_,。此外，填的时候，除了考虑与其后,_,的搭配外，也要考虑与前面的,_,的搭配。,。,例,3 The young man came home _ a happy heart.,介词,with,名词,动词、形容词,技巧,4,：,若两句,(,一个完整主谓关系算一个句子,),之间没有连词，也没有句号考虑填,_,。,例,4 I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to _ should have the honor of receiving me as a guest in their house.,who,并列连词或从属连词等,例,Now,，,Valentines Day is celebrated in many countries around the world.However,the traditions often differ from place to place.In Japan,for example,it is normal for the woman to send chocolates to the man,_ in Korea April 14th is known as“Black Day”,while,技巧,5,：,若结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文,时态不一致或主谓不一致时,，很可能是填,_,或表示,_,的,_,。,情态动词,助动词,(do,does,did,等,),例,6 Whats amazing is,Pluto_ understand everything dad says.Their communication is as near to being perfect as possible.,does/can,强调或倒装,技巧,6,：,由特殊的句式结构来判断空格应填的词。,(1),由,it is/wasthat,强调结构形式,如：,例,7 I wasnt used to being taken care of like that and,it,was at this moment _ his unspoken concern caught me by surprise.,that,(2),由,it,作形式主语或形式宾语,的句式判断如：,It is adj./n.+to do/doing/that,find/feel/think/consider,it,+adj./n./,+to do/doing/that,例,8,Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult _ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.,it,(3)so that,句型,例,9 This made the goat,so,jealous,_,it began plotting against the donkey.,(4)morethan(,与其说,不如说,，比,更,),句型,例,10Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember,more,how much a manager cares _ how much he pays.,that,than,二、提示词填空（填实词）的解题技巧,动词填空,词性、词义、词形转换填空,例,11 When my mother told me about my fathers response,much later,when I _ (recover)from my fit of anger,then I immediately,felt ashamed of my violent behavior,1.,给出了动词的试题的解题技巧,技巧,1,：,若所需的是动词首先，判断要填的动词,_,，,再考虑,_,。,had recovered,是谓语动词还是非谓语动词,时态,/,语态,/,主谓一致,技巧,2,：,若一个句中已有谓语动词，又不是,并列谓语时，所给动词就是,_,。,例,12 The building_(build),in our school is for us teachers.Though theres noise most of the day,we still feel happy about it.,例,13 _(tell)the whole story,Tom decided not to see the film.,非谓语动词,being built,Having been told,2,、词类、词义、词形转换题,(n./adj./adv.),解题技巧,根据该词在句子中所作的句子成分确定用,哪种形式,：,技巧,1,：,作表语、定语或补语，通常用,_,形式。,adj.,技巧,2,：,修饰,_,_,，作状语，用副词形式。,例,14 As I looked _ (close)at this,girl,I found that,例,15_(fortunate),the boy had an accident and was drowned.,closely,Unfortunately,动词、形容词、副词，,或整个句子,技巧,3,若是形容词或副词，也有可能是考查其,_,若两者之间的比较，或者有,than,就用,_,例,16 We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words.When it was time to leave,I said“thank you”in Korean,using some of the few words I had learned.I felt _(lonely)than I had expected that night.,注意,:,在形容词或副词前填,_,等构成的降级,比较等级,比较级,less lonely,less,least,2),不出现,than,的隐含式比较级，要,注意语境,理解,例,17 Just up the road from my home is a field,with two horses in it.From a distance,each horse looks like any other horse.But if you get a _(close)look you will notice one of them is blind.,closer,3),若是多者之间的比较，或者有,in,of,等介词短语表示比较范围，要用例,18 The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be _(sweet).,注意：否定词加比较级表示最高级的含义。,sweeter,最高级,技巧,4,：,作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，冠词或者形容词性物主代词后面用,_,形式。,例,19 When Chinas ancient scientific and technological _(achieve)are mentioned,the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.,achievements,名词,技巧,5,：,对于词义转换题，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思以及前后逻辑关系，在词根前面加,_,或者在词根后面加,_,表示相反含义,例,20 Mind chief executive Paul Farmer said focusing on problems or insecurities can lead to feeling of _(hope),low self-esteem and even mild depression.,un-/,im,-/in-,等,hopelessness,-less等,Conclusion,考查范围,1.,语境,(,上下文,),；,2.,语法：动词,（时态、语态、语气,、,主谓一致、非谓语形式）、,名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级及最高级,、,构词法、倒装等。,能力要求,:,词汇量,构词法的变化和运用（词性转换）,较强的句子分析能力与语法运用能力,对文章大意的理解及上下文语义、语境的逻辑判断及推理能力,解题技巧：,快速通读全文，把握中心意思。,弄清文章的体裁和题材、写作主线。,注意分析长句和复合句的句子结构。,注意上下文的联系。,根据上下文，分析空白处应填的词语的,词性和语义。,对所填词语的语法形式是否准确进行检查,Practice 1,用括号中所给的词的适当形式填空。,1.Most of the _(Africa)are still living in poverty.,Africans,。在冠词后用名词，根据,are,得知，主语用复数,Africans,。,2.Chinas _(develop)of economy,needs more careful planning.,development,。在,Chinas,后面且作主语用，用名词。,3.But Jane knew from past experience that her _(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.,choice,。作,that,引导从句的主语且在形容词性物主代词后一定是用名词形式。,4.Can you tell me the_,(long)of the Great Wall?,length,。在动词,tell,后作宾语，用名词。,5.Going out for a part-time job can _,(rich)ones social experience.,enrich,。做谓语，且因情态动词后要接动词原形。,6.He is _(comfort)because hes ill.,uncomfortable,。在系动词,is,后作表语，用形容词,根据,hes ill,，要填,uncomfortable,。,7.The boy jumped up and down_,(happy)at the news.,happily,。修饰动词,jumped,作状语，用副词。,8.The lady was broken down by a car.,_(fortunate)there was no one,nearby.,Unfortunately,。在句前作状语，用副词，且根据句意为否定意义，还要大写。,9.The telephone_(ring),but by the time I got indoors,it stopped.,was ringing,。,意思是电话在我进门之前，正在响个不停，表示过去一段时间一直在发生的动作。,10.,If their marketing plans succeed,they,_(increase)their sales by 20 percent.,will increase,。,条件从句用一般现在时，主句应用一般将来时。,11.He _(achieve)a lot in the field of science in the past ten years.,has achieved,。主语,He,后面为谓语，因,in the past ten years,要用动词的现在完成时态，故填,has achieved,。,12.The first seat has been occupied but the,_(two)is vacant.,second,。此题考查基数词变序数词，句中“,the first”,作定语修饰“,seat”,，“,the second”,作主语。,13.The glass doors have taken the place of,the wooden ones at the entrance,_(let),in the natural light during the day.,letting,。,根据句子的主语,the glass doors,与动词,let,的关系可判断出要用动词,ing,形式作结果状语。,14.,If there is a lot of work _(do),Im,happy to just keep on until it is finished.,to do,。,本题考查动词不定式做定语的用法。,15.With the governments aid,those _,(affect)by the earthquake have moved to the,new settlements.,affected,。,本题考查过去分词做定语的用法。,16._(show)around the Water,Cube,we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games.,Having been shown,。,此题考查现在分词的完成被动式做状语的用法。,show,与,We,为被动关系，且发生在主句谓语动词之前，用现在分词的完成被动式。,17.I know you dont like music very much.But what do you think of,music in the film we saw yesterday?,the,。,music,是不可数名词，前面不使用定冠词；但其有后置定语,in the film,，表示特指电影中的音乐故要加定冠词。,18.For him _ stage is just _ means of making a living.,the;a,。,The stage,表示“舞台”这一类事物。,means,单复数相同，,a means of making a living,一种谋生的手段。,19.,His efforts to raise money for his program,were_vain,because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.,in,。,in vain,意为“徒劳”。,20.,I began to feel,home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces.,at,。表示“感到像在家里一样”，是,feel at home,。,21.,_ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger,more prosperous economy.,It,。,it,在此作形式主语，指代,that,引导的主语从句。,22.,To know more about the British Museum,you can use the Internet or go to the library,or _.,both,。句意为“要了解更多关于英国博物馆的信息，你可以上网或去图书馆查阅，或者两个都可以”。,23.,A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.,whose,。先行词是,a person,，与,e-mail account,是所属关系，所以用,whose,。,24.,The reason,he was late was that he missed his train.,why,。先行词是,reason,，定语从句不缺主语或宾语，所以选用关系副词,why,。,25.,she grew older,she became more beautiful.,As,。,as,强调主句和从句的动作在同一时间进行，常译成“一边,一边,随着”。,26.,It is almost five years,we saw each other last time.,since,。“自从,”,，通常主句用现在完成时，此句系表结构相当于完成时态。,27.,Scientists say it may be five or six years,it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.,before,。本题考查句型“,It is/was/will be+,一段时间,+before+,从句”表示“过了一段时间才,”,的用法。,28.,I dont care about,you have money or not.,whether,。介词后的宾语从句或宾语从句中有,or not,时，只用,whether,，不用,if,。,29.,Why not try your luck downtown,Bob?,Thats,the best jobs are.,where,。根据句子分析，空格后面是表语从句，再根据句意“那是好工作所在的地方”，所以应选,where,。,30.,There is much chance,Bill will recover,from his injury in time for the race.,that,。,同位语从句一般放在,fact,，,news,，,idea,，,promise,，,suggestion,等抽象名词之后，说明或解释这些抽象名词的具体内容。多用,that,引导，不能由,which,引导。,31.,Tell me the truth,Im not going to leave the room.,or,。表示选择关系的有：,or,eitheror,，,or,表示“否则”之意。,32.,Only then,she realize how much damage had been caused.,did,。当一个作状语的副词、介词短语、从句受副词,only,的修饰且置于句首时，其后面部分要部分倒装。,33.,I wont go to attend your former wifes,evening party even if,(invite).,invited,。在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句主语一致时，可省去“主语,+be”,部分，,even if invited=even if Im invited,。,34.,You have no idea how she finished the relay race,her foot wounded so much.,with,。本题考查,with,复合结构之一，“,with,宾语过去分词,(,短语,)”,。,Goodbye,