Chapter-13-SBⅡ-Units-3～4(1).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,立足教育 开创未来,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,高中总复习（第,1,轮）,英语,全国,统编教材,1,(1),2,3,1.,It is,also,convenient,to live close to your,work.(SB,U3),住在离上班的地方近一点儿也是方便的。,convenient,adj.,方便的；便利的,inconvenient,不方便的,4,(1),It is convenient for,sb,.to do,sth,.,对于某人干某事很方便,(2),if/when it is convenient to/for you,如果,/,当你方便时,(3),sth.is convenient for/to,适合的,/,方便的,5,My house is convenient to/for the shopping center.,我的家靠近购物中心。,convenience,n.,便利，方便,at ones convenience,在某人方便的时候,注意：,convenient,的主语不能是人，只能是物或事情，常用,it,作形式主语。,6,You can come _(,无论你什么时候方便,).,If it is quite _ to you,I will visit you next Tuesday.,A.convenient B.fair,C.easy D.comfortable,7,【,答案,】,whenever(it is)convenient to you,A,if it is convenient to/for you,如果你方便的话。,8,2.,A is to B,what,C is to D.(SB U3),A,对,B,而言正如,C,对,D,一样。,=What C is to D,A is to B.,多种变化形式：,A is to B just as C is to D,=(,Just)as,C is to D,so is A to B,=What is C to D,that is A to B,9,We are to them _(,就像鱼儿和水一样,).,Arms are to the body _(,就像树枝和树的关系,).,Engines are to machines _ hearts are to animals.,A.as B.that,C.what D.which,10,【,答案,】,what fish are to water,what branches are to the tree,C,句意：发动机对于机器犹如心脏之于动物一样。,11,课文原句高考对照,课文原句高考对照,It is also convenient to live close to your work.,住在离工作的地方很近也是很方便的。,Would it be _ for you to pick me up,at four oclock and take me to the airport,？,(2008,山东卷,),A.free B.vacant,C.handy D.convenient,解析：选,D,。句意：你四点接我然后送我到,机场方便吗？形容词,convenient,的含义为,“,使,人感觉便利的,”,，而不是,“,感觉便利的,”,，,所以主语通常为形式主语,it,。,12,课文原句高考对照,课文原句高考对照,Given more time,we would be able to do the work much better.,如果给更多的时间，我们工作会做得更好。,_ the right kind of training,these,teenage soccer players may one day grow into,international stars.,(2009,江西卷,),A.Giving B.Having given,C.To give D.Given,解析：选,D,。句意：如果给予他们正确的训,练，这些,10,来岁的足球运动员或许在将来的,某一天会成长为国际巨星。,given,在此表示该,动作与句子主语之间的被动关系，相当于,If,they are given the right kind of training,13,课文原句高考对照,课文原句高考对照,Given more time,we would be able to do the work much better.,如果给更多的时间，我们工作会做得更好。,_ from the top of the tower,the south,foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.,(2010,陕,西卷,),A.Seen B.Seeing,C.Having seen DTo see,解析：选,A,。句意：从塔顶上看，在南面的山,脚下是一片树的海洋。,14,1.,分词作状语的各种形式的考查；,2.,分词作宾语补足语的用法考查；,3.,现在分词与动名词作定语的区别；,4.with+,宾语,+,宾语补足语的考查；,5.,独立主格结构的考查。,非谓语动词（分词）,15,分词是非谓语形式的一种。分为现在分词和过去分词，既有动词的特征，又有形容词和副词的特征，不能单独充当谓语，在句中可充当定语、状语、补语和表语。其否定形式为,not+,分词。,下面讲述这两种分词的特点及其句法功能。,16,定义,现在分词的构成是在动词原形的词末加,-,ing,，它有一般式和完成式。一般式用来指和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为；完成式（,having,+,过去分词）用来指在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作，且有主动语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时，分词用被动语态,(,being done,),；分词的动作先于谓语动词的动作，就用完成式的被动形式（,having been done,）。,17,过去分词（,done,）的构成一般在动词原形后面加,-ed,也有不规则形式，过去分词只有一种形式，表被动或完成。,18,1.,作定语,(1),不及物动词的现在分词作定语表达强调动作正在进行，过去分词强调完成；及物动词的现在分词作定语强调主动，过去分词强调被动。分词的完成式一般不作定语。单个的分词作定语一般前置；分词短语、个别分词如,given,、,left,等，修饰不定代词等的分词作定语时需后置。,分词的句法功能,19,the,rising,sun,东升的旭日,a,retired,worker,退休的工人,a girl,sitting by the window,坐在窗边的女孩,no money,left,没有剩余的钱,20,(2),现在分词与动名词作定语的区别：,单个的动名词作定语主要是说明被修饰词的作用、意义等；而单个的现在分词作定语则主要是表示被修饰词正在做什么。请看下面的比较：,动名词作定语：,swimming,pool(the pool which is used for swimming),游泳池,reading,material,阅读材料,walking,stick,手杖,21,现在分词作定语：,the,sleeping,child(the child who is sleeping),熟睡的孩子,developing,countries,发展中国家,running,water,自来水,22,2.,作状语,分词作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、行为方式、伴随状况、结果等。分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果分词与句子的主语是主动关系，用,doing,表示与谓语动词同时发生或进行的动作，用,having done,表示在谓语动词之前发生的动作。如果分词与句子的主语是被动关系，则用,done,23,强调在谓语动词之前发生的动作，也可用,having been done,。有时为了强调，分词前面的连词,when,while,once,though,although,if,unless,until,even if/though,等需保留。,24,While,reading,the book,he nodded from time to time.,（时间）,读书时，他不时地点头。,Given,more time,I could have solved that riddle.,（条件）,如果给予更多的时间，我会猜出那个谜语。,25,The teacher came in,followed,by some students.(,伴随或方式,),这位老师进来时后面跟着一些学生。,His parents died,leaving,him an orphan.(,结果,),他父母去世了，只剩他一个孤儿。,Even if,invited,I wont go.(,让步,),即使被邀请，我也不去。,26,3.,作宾语补足语,当宾语与作宾语补足语的动词之间是主动关系,而且动作正在进行之中，用现在分词。如果是被动关系，一般应用过去分词作宾语补足语。若将句子变为被动语态，宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。,27,(1),在感官动词,see,hear,feel,notice,watch,find,后。,I heard my mother,calling,me.,我听到妈妈在喊我。,I heard my name,called,by my mother.,我听到妈妈在喊我的名字。,28,He felt his collar,pulled,by someone from behind.,他感到有人从背后拉他的衣领。,He was seen,going,upstairs.(,主语补足语,),有人看见他上楼。,29,(2),在使役动词,get,have,make,leave,keep,等后。,I wont have youtalking,to mother like that.,我不允许你那样和母亲说话。,He got/had/kept the machine,working,all the time.,他让机器一直在工作。,30,He had his bike,stolen,yesterday.,他昨天丢了自行车。,They kept the fire,burning,.,他们让火一直在燃烧。,The detective and his assistant kept/left themselves,locked,in the room all night.,这个侦探和他的助手把他们自己整晚锁在房间里。,31注意：,动词,make,后的宾语补足语可用不带,to,的动词不定式或动词的,-ed,形式，但不可用动词的,-,ing,形式。,She spoke slowly to make herself,understood,.,她慢慢地说以便使自己被理解。,32,(3),在表希望、意愿的动词,want,wish,prefer,would like,should,后用过去分词作宾补，而不用现在分词。,I want my opinion(to be),discussed,after class.,我想把我的观点放在课后讨论。,33,4.,作表语,现在分词作表语，主语和它之间是主动关系，而过去分词作表语时，它们之间是被动关系。,The story is,encouraging,.,这个故事令人振奋。,He was,encouraged,by the story.,他受到故事的鼓舞。,34,The leader was,inspiring,.(,领导有感召力,),领导令人鼓舞。,That the fathers expression was,disappointed,showed that his son didnt pass the examination.(,指父亲感到失望，这种感情体现在父亲脸上,),父亲无望的表情表明他的儿子没通过考试。,35,5.,作插入语,分词作插入语，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语，不必遵循分词的逻辑主语与句子主语一致的原则。有下列固定格式：,generally speaking,一般说来,talking of,（,speaking of,）,说道,strictly speaking,严格地说,judging from,从,判断,all things considered,从整体来看,taking all things into consideration,全面看来,allowing for,考虑到；顾及到,36,Judging from,his accent,he must be from Canada.,从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大。,All things,considered,we are doing quite well.,综合考虑，我们做得不错。,37,6.“with+,宾语（名词,/,代词）,+,宾语补足语”结构,这种结构在句中充当定语和状语。当宾语与宾补之间是主动或主动进行关系时，就用现在分词作宾补，如果它们之间是被动或被动完成关系时就用过去分词。,He stood there with his hands,raised,.,他举起手站在那儿。,38,With you,helping,me whenever Im in trouble,I feel very obliged to you.,无论什么时候我有困难，你都帮助我，我十分感激你。,I have to go,with many friends,waiting for,me.,我得走了，有很多朋友在等我。,39,The goalkeeper left Japan with his flaws,laid,bare.,守门员离开日本时他的缺点暴露无遗。,注意：,此结构还可用于以下形式：,with,名词（代词）介词短语,/,形容词,/,副词,/,不定式,40,Mary was sitting near the fire,with her back,towards the door,.,玛丽坐在火炉旁边，背朝着门。,He liked to sleep with the door,open/closed,.,他喜欢睡觉时开着门,/,关着门。,The man lived in a room with himself,in,.,这位男子一个人住在房间里。,41,He died with his daughter yet,a schoolgirl,.,他去世时，女儿还是一名学生。,With Mary,to help,him,he is sure to succeed.,(,不定式在此结构中表示动作未发生,),有了玛丽的帮助，他一定会成功。,42,7.,独立主格结构,当分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同时，分词前必须加上自己的主语，此结构被称为独立主格结构。,构成：,名词普通格或代词主格,+,现在分词,/,过去分词,/,不定式,/,名词,/,形容词,/,副词,/,介词短语等,。,43,注意：,使用独立主格结构是因为出现了与句子主语不一致的情况。,The weather,（,being,）,fine,we decided to go on an outing.,天气放晴，我们决定去郊游。,There,being,no buses,we had to walk home.,因为没有公交车，我们只得步行回家。,44,The teacher came in,(a)book,in(his)hand,.,老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。,Time,permitting,we will go outing this weekend.,如果时间允许，我们这个周末出去。,45,He suggested going for a picnic,Mary,to provide,the food.,他建议野餐，玛丽带食物。,The guests,having taken,their seats,the party began.,客人全部就座后，晚会开始。,