高中英语必修一unit4单词.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 4 Earthquake,New words,smelly adj.,发臭的；有臭味的,smelly,是有,smell,这个词加上后缀,-y,而形成的。也就是说,n+-y,可以变成,adj.,，如：,blood+-y=bloody rain+-y=rainy,cloud+-y=cloudy wind+-y=windy,snow+-y=snowy greed+-y=greedy,dream+-y=dreamy,taste+-y=tasty,ice+-y=icy,fat+-y=fatty,mud+-ymuddy fog+-y=foggy,sun+-y=sunny,流血的,多云的,下雪的,幻想的,冷漠的，冰的,泥泞的,肥胖的,下雨的,多风的,贪婪的,美味的,阳光灿烂的,有雾的,2.burst vi.(burst,burst),爆裂，爆发,;(,堤坝等,),决口,短语：突然,burst into+n,；,burst out+doing,eg,:,她突然笑起来。,She burst out laughing.,She burst into .,他突然大哭起来。,He burst out crying.,He burst into .,n.,突然爆裂，爆发,短语：,a burst of,一阵,eg,:,一阵笑声,laughter,tears,a burst of laughter,勃然大怒,a burst of anger,burst into,burst with,闯入,充满,3.event n.,事件，大事,;,赛事,(,体育比赛等的,),项目,辨析,event,affair,matter,thing,business,event,affair,matter,侧重,大事，要事,，有意义或不寻常之事，或体育赛事，演出或聚会,“,复杂的，较多的事情,，,事务,”，常用复数,affairs,表示商业事务或政府的日常事务，如财政管理，外交事务等。,侧重指,须留心的要事或问题，难题,The election was the main,event,of 1999.,这次选举是,1999,年的主要大事。,He shows great interest in international,affairs,.,他对国际事务很感兴趣。,Dont worry.Well look into the,matter,soon.,别着急，我们将很快调查此事。,3.event n.,事件，大事,;,赛事,(,体育比赛等的,),项目,辨析,event,affair,matter,thing,business,thing,business,最,普通的用词,，意为“事情，事务”，不管大事小事，好事坏事均可称为,thing,；复数,things,还可作“形式，情况”解,作“事务”解时一般不能用复数，常指所指派的任务，责任；有时说的是指派的工作或,商业性的买卖活动,What is the next,thing,we have to do.,我们下一步必须做的事是什么？,Students in the course must learn about all aspects of,business,.,学这门课程的学生主要商业的各方面知识。,4.at an end,结束，终结,eg,:,炎热的天气终于结束了。,The hot days,are,at last,at an end,.,The hot days,come to an end,at last.,be at an end=,come to an end,结束,短语：,put an end to=bringto an end,使,结束,eg,:,他们应该结束战争。,They should,put an end to,the war.,They should,bring,the war,to an end,.,辨析：,at an end,in the end,at the end of,by the end of,1).at an end:,表示“终结，结束”，与,be,动词连用。,eg,:,战争结束了。,The war,was at an end,.=The war,came to an end,.,2).in the end:,表示“最终，终于”，,单独使用作,状语,。,eg,:,最终他们放弃了那项计划。,They gave up the plan,in the end,.(,at last,),3).at the end of:,表示“在,的尽头,/,末尾”,eg,:,今年年底，我父亲要回家。,My father will come home at the end of this year.,He is at the end of his patience.,他已经忍耐到极限了。,4).by the end of:,到末为止，常与,完成时态,连用。,by the end of last,用于,过去,完成时,by the end of next,用于,将来,完成时,eg,:,到上个月末为止，他在那条船上已经待了两年。,By the end of last month,he,had been on,that,ship for two years.,到下学期末为止，我将学会,3000,多个英语单词。,I,will have learned,more than 3000 English words,by the end of next term.,5.nation n.,民族，国家，国民,单词积累：,national adj.,国家的，民族的，国营的,nationality n.,国籍,辨析：,nation,country,state,易混词,辨析,例句,nation,country,state,侧重指“人民”，即,“国民”,The whole,nation,was in deep sorrow.,举国悲痛。,侧重指,“疆土”,，即“国土”。,He has been to many African,countries,.,他去过许多非洲国家。,侧重指,“政权”,“政体”，即“国权”,Hes a head of,state,.,他是一位国家元首。,6.ruin,n.,【C,】,倒塌的建筑物，废墟,短语：be/lie in ruins,倒塌，破败不堪,fall into ruins,衰落，败落,eg,:,现在这座城市已成为一片废墟了。,The city now is/lies in ruins.,n.,【U】,毁坏，毁灭，灭亡,vt,.(,完全地,),毁坏，毁掉，使破产,辨析：,ruin,destroy,damage,1).ruin,一般指对,物体或生命,彻底的破坏,，但往往是非暴力的，也不是一次打击的结果，常指对美好的活希望中的事物的破坏。,2).destroy,表示在,肉体上，精神上或道义上彻底摧毁,，使之,无法复原,，也可以表示对某物体进行完全的毁灭。,3).damage,一般指对,物体或生命的,局部损伤,，,使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值，无作用,。这种损伤可以是暴力的或一次性破坏的结果，也可以指非暴力的或长期损害的结果，,可修复,。,7.injure,vt,.,损害，伤害,单词积累：,injured adj.,受伤的,injury n.,伤害，损害,辨析：,injure,hurt,wound,harm,injure,hurt,wound,harm,指损害健康，成就，容貌等，强调功能的丧失，常指,事故中,的伤害,普通用语，既可指,肉体,上的伤害，也可指,精神,上，,感情,上的伤害,指枪伤，刀伤，刺伤等皮肉之伤，尤指,战场,上所受的伤,一般指伤害有生命的东西，常指伤,及人的健康，权利，事业,等,A bullet injured his left eye.,一颗子弹伤了他的左眼。,I dont want to hurt you.,我不想伤害你。,The soldier was wounded badly.,这位士兵严重受伤。,Smoking seriously harmed his health.,吸烟严重地损害了他的健康。,8.shock,vi.&vt,.(,使,),震惊，震动,n.,休克，打击，震惊,单词积累：,shocking,令人震惊的，令人吃惊的,shocked,震惊的，吃惊的,短语：,be shocked by/at,对,感到吃惊,eg,:,对这个消息他并未感到吃惊。,He wasnt shocked by/at this news.,辨析：,shock,surprise,易混词,辨析,例句,shock,surprise,表示来得,突然,，而且常指,不好,的事情,Chucks death came as a complete shock to all of us.,查克的去世让我们大家都感到十分的震惊。,表示,意外,的事情，但,不一定,是不好的事情,It was quite a surprise to know I was actually good at drawing.,我发现自己原来对画画很在行，真叫人大感意外。,9.rescuen.&vt,.,援救；营救,短语：,rescue from,从,中救出,come to,sbs,rescue=go to,sbs,rescue,营救某人,eg,:,他们救了一个溺水的男孩。,They,rescued,a boy,from,drowning(,淹死，溺死,).,辨析：,rescue,save,1).rescue,救助，援救，营救。重在强调,迅速行动,，从直接的，,迫在眉睫,的危险中解救。,eg,:A team was sent away to rescue the people trapped in the fire.,一个小队被派去营救困在火中的人。,2).save,救，救助拯救。为,普通用词,，使用广泛，常指把处于危险或危急状态的人或事物解救出来，,使之得以保全,。,eg,:They could think of no way to save the situation.,他们想不出什么办法来挽救局势。,9.bury,vt,.,埋葬，掩埋，隐藏,eg,:,她被安葬在她丈夫的坟边。,She was buried beside her husbands grave.,她双手捂着脸哭了起来。,She buried her face in her hands and cried.,短语：,bury oneself in=be buried in.,专心于,，埋首于,bend ones mind/efforts/thoughts to,devote oneself to=be devoted to,专心于,，献身于,be lost in,陷入,中,10.shelter n.,掩蔽，躲避处，避难，保护,短语：,take shelter from,躲避,vt.&vi,.,庇护，掩护,(,常与,from,搭配使用,),意为“保护,不受,的伤害,/,侵害”,eg,:,人们在百货商场躲避阵雨。,People,took shelter from,the shower in the,department store.,那些树木庇护田地不受冷风侵袭。,The trees,shelter,the field,from,the cold wind.,11.damage,n.&vt,.,损失，损害,eg,:Smoking can damage your health.,抽烟会损害你的健康。,短语：,do damage to,对,造成损害,12.frighten,vt,.,使惊吓，吓唬,frightened adj.,受惊的，受恐吓的,frightening adj.,令人恐惧的,短语：,be frightened at,受,惊吓，见,大吃一惊,be frightened of,sb/sth,害怕某人,/,某物,同义词：,shock,近义词：,surprise,13.express,vt,.,表示，表达,短语：,express oneself,表达自己的意见或感情,express,sth,to,sb,向某人表达某事,eg,:,他向我们致谢。,He expressed his thanks to us.,单词积累：,expression n.,表达，表情,