冠词 高考英语 语法.ppt

考点精讲领悟,高考集训启迪,预测模拟演练,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,工具,语法专项提升,栏目导引,冠词,1,表示,“,某一个,”,，相当于,some,，译为,“,一个,”,。,(,全国卷,)Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons,，,please,？,请告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走？,Sorry,，,we dont have a Johnson here in the village.,对不起，这个村庄里没有一个叫约翰逊的人。,Each of the students wanted to be a live Lei,Feng,.,每位学生都想成为活雷锋。2,a,most,表示,“,很,”“,非常,”,。,Qingdao is a most beautiful city.,青岛是一个非常美丽的城市。,3,序数词前一般加定冠词,the,表示顺序，但序数词前可加不定冠词,a(n,),，表示,“,另一个；又一个,”,。,Although he has failed twice,，,he would like to try a third time.,尽管他已经失败了两次，但他还想再试一次。,4,有些不可数名词如,knowledge,，,collection,，,understanding,等是由其动词转化而来，它们后面加,of.,时，前面需用不定冠词,a/an,。,Tom owns a larger collection of books than any other student in our class.,在我们班中，汤姆收集的书最多。,Many people agreed that a knowledge of English is a must in international trade today.,许多人都持相同的看法，在当前国际贸易交往中，英语知识是必备的知识。,5,不定冠词可用在形容词的比较级、最高级与序数词之前。,“,不定冠词形容词的比较级单数名词,”,表示,“,更,的一个,”,；,“,不定冠词形容词的最高级,”,无比较意义。,He went to the USA in search of a better life.,为了寻找更美好的生活他去了美国。,6,不定冠词,a(n,),用于有形容词修饰的一日三餐前。,(,山东高考,)The walk is expected to last all day,，,so bring a packed lunch.,这段路程预计要走一整天，所以带一份盒装午饭。,1.(2011,湖南十二校联考,)If we expect _much cleaner world,，,we should attract _worlds attention to protecting the world.,A,a,；,a,B,a,；,/,C,a,；,the D,the,；,/,解析：,考查冠词。第一空为泛指，指,“,一个更加干净的世界,”,；第二空,world,前通常用定冠词。,答案：,C,2,(2010,北京卷,)First impressions are the most,lasting.After,all,，,you never,get_second,chance to,make_first,impression.,A,a,；,the B,the,；,the,C,a,；,a D,the,；,a,解析：,句意为：第一印象最持久。毕竟，你不会再有机会去形成第一印象。第一空后有,second,，在此表示再一次机会，而不是表顺序，应用不定冠词；第二空中的第一印象是泛指，也不是表示顺序，又根据题干可以判断,impression,在此处是可数名词，可数名词单数表泛指时须用不定冠词，故选,C,项。,答案：,C,3,(2011,南京模拟,)We work together to achieve our common purpose,：,_world that is safer,，,cleaner and healthier than _one we found.,A,the,；,the B,a,；,/,C,a,；,the D,the,；,/,解析：,考查冠词的用法。第一空表示泛指，用不定冠词；第二空后面由,we found,限定，表特指，用定冠词。,答案：,C,1,与某些可数名词单数连用，表示一类人或事物。,The camel is a very useful animal in desert.,骆驼是沙漠中一种很有用的动物。,2,用在上文已出现过或说话双方都熟悉的事物前，表示特指意义。,Did you enjoy yourself yesterday?,你昨天玩得开心吗？,Yes,，,as you know,，,the party went on in a pleasant atmosphere.,是的，正如你所知，晚会是在愉快的气氛中进行的。,3,by,表示具体单位的名词前要用定冠词。,Surprisingly,，,in that bookstore,，,books are sold by the dozen.,真想不到，在那个书店里书按打卖。,Cleaning women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.,在大城市里，清洁工一般按小时计算薪水。,4,用在表示某世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前。,It is not rare in the 1990s that people in their fifties are going to university for further education.在二十世纪九十年代五十多岁的人上大学进修是不罕见的。,1.(2010,浙江卷,)Many lifestyle patterns do,such_great,harm to health that they actually speed,up_weakening,of the human body.,A,a,；,/B,/,；,the,C,a,；,the D,/,；,/,解析：,句意为：很多生活方式对身体健康是很有害的，实际上它们能加快体质变弱。,do harm to.,为固定短语，意为,“,对,有害,”,；第二空为特指的用法，即特指体质变弱，故用定冠词,the,。,答案：,B,2,(2010,辽宁卷,)There are over 58,000 rocky objects in,space,，,about 900 of which could fall down,onto_earth,.,A,the,；,the B,/,；,the,C,the,；,/D,a,；,the,解析：,句意为：太空中有,58,000,颗星体，其中有,900,颗左右可能坠落到地球上。第一空,in space,“,在太空,”,，固定用法，类似用法还有,in nature,，,in society,等；第二空表示地球，独一无二的事物前须加定冠词,the,，如,the moon,，,the sun,等，所以选,B,答案：,B,3,(2011,西城,5,月,)What do you think about _dress in the shop window?,Oh,，,its,beautiful.You,may give it to Linda as _birthday present.,A,a,；,a B,the,；,a,C,a,；,the D,the,；,the,解析：,考查冠词的用法。第一空表特指橱窗里的那一件，所以要用定冠词,the,；第二空泛指一件礼物，所以要用不定冠词。,答案：,B,4,(2011,陕西宝鸡检测二,)During the camp trip,，,children were fascinated by _wonders of _nature.,A,/,；,/,B,/,；,the,C,the,；,/D,the,；,the,解析：,考查冠词。第一空指在宿营中看到的那些大自然中的奇观，应该用定冠词表特指；第二空不用冠词，因为,nature,，,society,和,space,前常不带任何冠词。,答案：,C,5,(2011,烟台四校联考,)It is clear that _little money the invention will bring him can hardly support so large _company.,A,/,；,the B,a,；,the,C,a,；,/D,the,；,a,解析：,考查冠词。句意为：很显然，这项发明带给他的不多的钱很难支撑如此庞大的一个公司。此题的关键在于,hardly,的暗示，说明钱不多或很少，用,little,表示,“,少量的，不多的,”,，后面又有定语从句修饰，故其前应加定冠词,the,；第二空处是,so,adj,.,a,可数名词结构。,答案：,D,1,系动词,turn(,变成,),后的单数名词作表语，用零冠词。,Has he turned scientist,？他成为科学家了吗？,After graduation from college he turned teacher(became a teacher),大学毕业后，他成了一名教师。,3,在独立主格结构中的某一形式中。,The teacher came in,，,book in hand(,with a book in his hand,/holding a book in his hand/,a book(held)in his hand),老师进来了，手里拿着一本书。,4,man,意为,“,人类,”,，,word,意为,“,消息,”,时，其前不用冠词。,Air is to man what water is to fish.,人离不开空气就像鱼离不开水。,Word came that the Chinese Women Football Team won the second prize in the World Cup.,消息传来说中国女足在世界杯获得第二。,5,no,与,such,连用时应放在,such,之前，,such,后的名词不用冠词。,No such thing has ever happened in this village.,村子里从未发生过这种事。,1.(2010,江苏卷,)The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact,that_people,from all walks of life are working hard,for_new,Jiangsu.,A,/,；,a B,/,；,the,C,the,；,a D,the,；,the,解析：,句意为：来江苏的游客都对此印象颇深,为了一个崭新的江苏，来自各行各业的人都在努力工作着。,people,为复数名词，此处为泛指的用法，故第一空用零冠词；一般地名前不用冠词，但是如果前有形容词修饰时，表示类指，前面要用不定冠词。,答案：,A,2,(2011,江西六校联考,)The driver was,at_loss,when _word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.,A,a,；,the B,/,；,/,C,the,；,the D,a,；,/,解析：,句意为：当由于超速驾车而被禁驾的消息传来时，那位司机感到不知所措。,at a loss,为固定习语，意为：不知所措，困惑不解，亏本；,word,作,a piece of news,，,message(,消息，信息,),讲时，与零冠词连用。又如：,Please send(me),/leave word of your safe arrival/,that you have arrived safely.,请您把平安到达的消息告诉我。,Word came that he had been admitted to,Qinghua,university.,消息传来说他被清华大学录取了。,答案：,D,3,(2011,东北三校第一次联考,)The chairman will be pleased at _scene that everything is in _place.,A,a,；,a B,the,；,the,C,the,；,/D,/,；,the,解析：,考查冠词的用法。,scene,后有定语从句修饰，是特指；,in place,表示,“,在正确的位置，准备妥当,”,，是固定搭配。,答案：,C,1,(2010,山东卷,)If we sit,near_front,of the bus,，,well,have_better,view.,A,/,；,the B,/,；,a,Cthe;a D,the,；,the,解析：,句意为：如果我们坐在公共汽车前部，视野就会更好些。,the front of,表示某物体内部的前面；比较级前加不定冠词表示,“,更,”,。,答案：,C,2,(2010,四川卷,)In _most countries,，,a university degree can give you _ flying start in life.,A,the,；,a B,the,；,/,C,/,；,/,D,/,；,a,解析：,句意为：在大多数国家，一张大学文凭能够赋予你人生中一个良好的开端。,most countries,为泛指，前面不用冠词；,start,此处是可数名词，也是泛指，前面需用不定冠词。,答案：,D,3,(2010,重庆卷,)Everything comes,with_price,；,there is no,such_thing,as a free lunch in the world.,A,a,；,a B,the,；,/,C,the,；,a D,a,；,/,解析：,句意为：一切都是有代价的，因为天下没有,“,免费的午餐,”,。第二空用,“,no such,单数名词,”,，在此结构中，因,no,本身含,not,a(an,)/any,，故单数名词前需用零冠词，排除,A,、,C,两项；第一空后的,price,为单数名词，在本句中表泛指，故用不定冠词。,答案：,D,4,(2009,辽宁卷,)This area,experienced_heaviest,rainfall,in_month,of May.,A,/,；,a B,a,；,the,C,the,；,the D,the,；,a,解析：,本题句意应为：该地区在五月经历了最大降雨。,heaviest,是最高级，所以其前加定冠词,the,。,in the month of May,是习惯用法，,of,表示同位关系。,答案：,C,5,(2009,浙江卷,)I dont understand what the engineer means,，,but Ive,got_rough,idea,of_project,plan.,A,the,；,a B,/,；,the,C,the,；,/D,a,；,the,解析：,句意为：我不明白那个工程师的意思，但我已大致了解这个项目计划。,have a rough idea,是固定短语,“,大致了解,”,，而,plan,在本句中表特指，故用,the,。,答案：,D,6,(2009,安徽卷,)We can never,expect_bluer,sky unless we,create_less,polluted world.,A,a,；,a B,a,；,the,C,the,；,a D,the,；,the,解析：,句意为：如果我们不能创建一个污染越来越少的世界，就永远不要期待有一片更蓝的天空。世界上独一无二的名词和一些抽象名词之前如果有形容词修饰，可加不定冠词。如：,a red sun,一轮红日；,a great success,一次巨大的成功。,答案：,A,7,(2009,重庆卷,)Washing machines made by China have,won_worldwide,attention and,Haier,has,become_popular,name.,A,a,；,the B,/,；,a,C,/,；,the D,the,；,a,解析：,句意为：中国制造的洗衣机赢得了世界的关注，海尔已成为大众喜爱的一个品牌名称。,attention,是不可数名词，此处表泛指，用零冠词；,name,是可数名词，此处也表泛指，需用不定冠词修饰，故,B,项正确。,答案：,B,8,(2009,四川卷,)In order to,find_better,job,，,he decided to,study_second,foreign language.,A,the,；,a B,a,；,a,C,the,；,the D,a,；,the,解析：,句意为：为了找到一个更好的工作，他决定再学习一门外语。第一个,a,表示泛指；,a second(.),又一。,答案：,B,9,(2009,陕西卷,),What_pity,that you couldnt be there to,receive_prize,!,A,a,；,a B,the,；,a,C,a,；,the D,the,；,the,解析：,句意为：你没能去领奖，真是遗憾！第一空中,a pity,为固定结构：,used to show that you are disappointed about,sth,.,“,遗憾，可惜,”,，根据题意可知第二空后的,prize(,奖品,),是双方都知道的事物，表特指，故用定冠词。,答案：,C,10,(2009,全国卷,)Lets go,to_cinema,thatll take your mind off the problem,for_while,.,A,the,；,the B,the,；,a,C,a,；,the D,a,；,a,解析：,句意为：让我们去看场电影吧,那将会让你暂时放下头脑中的问题。,go to the cinema,为固定搭配，意为,“,去看场电影,”,；第二空,for a while,为固定搭配。,答案：,B,练规范、练技能、练速度,