unit1_Friendship__grammar.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Direct speech,Indirect speech,直接引语与间接引语,Q1:The students asked,Are you interested in the film?”,Q2:The students asked,“when did you see the film?”,I said,“I saw the film yesterday and I am quiet interested in it because its puzzling plot(,情节,).”,The students asked me if/whether the film was interesting.,The students asked me when I had seen the film.,I said that I had seen the film the day before and I was quiet interested in it because its puzzling plot.,Direct speech,Indirect speech,直接引语变为间接引语时的变化,1.,时态的变化,2.,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和方向性动词的变化,概念,3.,直接引语是陈述句,4直接引语是一般疑问句,5.,直接引语是特殊疑问句,7.,注意点,6.,直接引语是祈使句,Outline,直接引语,(Direct speech),直接引述别人的原话,一般放在引号内,He says,I leave my book in your room.”,间接引语,(Indirect speech),用自己的话转述别人的话,He said that he left his book in my room.,直接引语一般前后要加引号，间接引语不用加引号,间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句,The definitions of Direct speech and Indirect speech,时态的变化,:,主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变为间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态上要做相应的变化,.,如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态无须变化,.,(1),一般现在时 一般过去时,:,He,said,I,am,upset because of the test.”,He,said,that he,was,upset because of the test.,(2),现在进行时 过去进行时,He said,”,Im packing,my books.”,(3),现在完成时 过去完成时,She said,“,He,has been,in power,since May.”,(4),一般过去时 过去完成时,He said that he,was packing,his books,.,She said that he,had been,in power since May.,He said,，”,I,tried,to,calm myself down.”,He said that he,had tried,to calm himself down.,(5),过去完成时不变,He said,”I,had set down,what happened before supper.”,(6),一般将来时 过去将来时,She said,”I,will,go outdoors tomorrow.”,He said that he,had set down,what happened before supper.,She said that she,would,go outdoors the following day.,直接引语时态,间接引语时态,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,一般过去时,过去完成时,过去完成时,不变,一般将来时,过去将来时,指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和,方向性动词的变化,指示代词,this,that,these,those,地点状语,here,there,方向性动词,come,go,bring,take,now,then,Today,That day,Tonight,That night,Ago,Before/earlier,Yesterday,The day before,Last night,The night before,Tomorrow,The next/following day,Next week,The next/following week,The day after tomorrow,In two days time,The day before yesterday,Two days before/earlier,时间状语,:,直接引语,间接引语,指示,代词,时 间 状 语,地点状语,方向性动词,this,that,these,those,now,then,today,that day,this week,that week,yesterday,the day before,last week,the week before,four days ago,four days before,the day before yesterday,two days before,tomorrow,the next day,next month,the next month,here,there,come,go,bring,take,陈述句,statement,用连词,that,引导,(that,在口语中常省略,),。,主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的,said,也可用,told,来代替,（,注意，可以说,said that,said to sb.that,told sb.that,，不可直接说,told that,）,She said,“we will have a debate face to face tomorrow.”,She said,that,_ a debate face to face _.,we would have,the next/following day,Rose said to Jack_.,that,she was flying,Titanic,He told her _.,that,she was in there because of him,Twilight,There is no baby playing with me now.,She said that there was no baby playing with her then.,You may go back to your room first.,Unluckily,I have known all your secrets.,The man said:“You may go back to your room first.”,The girl said:I have known all your secrets.”,The girl said that she had known all his secrets.,The man said that she might go back to her room first.,Exercises:,1.“I dont know the address of my new home,”said Anne.,2.“Ive got tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows,”Anne said to her father.,3.“I need to pack up my things in the suitcase very quickly,”the girl said.,Anne said that she,did,nt know the address of,her,new home.,Anne told her father that she,had got,tired of looking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.,The girl said that she,needed,to pack up,her,things in the suitcase very quickly,.,一般疑问句,general question,由,if/whether,（是否）引导,whether.or not,原来的疑问句语序变为,陈述句语序。,主句的谓语动词多用,ask,“Do you have enough time to walk your dog?”My friend asked me.,My friend asked me _I _enough time to walk_ dog.,if/whether,had,my,Q:They said to us,“Are you afraid to leave this house?”,They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house.A.that were wethis B.that we werethat C.if were we this D.if we werethat,He_.,asked if/whether he forgot what team he was playing for,Avatar,Nate asked her _.,if/whether you were saying it wasnt cheating.,特殊疑问句,special question,由,who,what,when,why,who,how,等,原来的疑问词,引导,原来的疑问句语序变为,陈述句语序,。,“What did you suffer?”He asked me.,He asked _.,what,I had suffered,Q:Jane said,“What did he hear about a week ago?”,Jane asked _ about _.A.that he hearda week ago B.what he had heardthe week before C.what he had heard a week ago D.if he heardthe week ago,Q:Black asked me,“Why havent you left Netherlands yet?”,Black asked me,why,_ yet.A.I hadnt left Netherlands,B.I havent left Netherlands,C.hadnt I left Netherlands,D.havent I left Netherlands,He _.,asked his mother,how,she could have a Christmas without a Christmas tree,Home Alone 2,1.He said to me,，“,Whats your name?”,He asked me what my name was.,2.He asked us,“How many car factories have been built in your country?”,He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.,3.“Why were you late again?”The teacher said to me.,The teacher asked me why I was late again.,祈使句,imperative sentence,ask/tell/order sb.(not)to do,sth,.,“Please ignore these unkind words.”He said.,He,ask,ed me,to,ignore those unkind words.,The teacher said,”Stop gossip!”,The teacher,ordered,me,to,stop,gossip.,“Turn off the radio!”The mother said to her child.,The mother,told,her child,to,turn off the radio.,Jack_.,asked Lucy to keep her eyes closed,直接引语和间接引语可分为四大类：,1,）陈述句,4,）祈使句,2),一般疑问句,that,引导的从句,ask/tell/order sb.(not)to do,sth,.,3),特殊,疑问句,if/whether+,陈述句,疑问词,+,陈述句,由直接引语转变为间接引语,下列情况时态不变,:,1.,客观真理、自然现象,The teacher told the students,“The sun,goes,around the earth.”,The teacher told the students that,the sun,goes,around the earth.,He said,Light,travels,much faster than sound.”,He said that light,travels,much faster than sound.,2.,直接引语为,一般过去时,并且与,具体时间状语,连用,The teacher said,“World War,ended,in,1945,.”,The teacher said that World War,ended,in 1945.,She said:I,was born,in,July,1993,.,She said she,was born,inJuly,1993.,3.,主句谓语动词的时态是,现在时态,，或者,将来时态,，在引述时，时态不变。,She,says,“,I,cannot,forget,the days in the country.”,She,says,that,she,cannot,forget,the days in the country.,He,will say,“I,will,try my best to help you.”,He,will say,that he,will,try his best to help me.,间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序,即主、谓、宾的顺序。,Her mother asked her,“How do you get along with your classmates?”,Her mother asked her,how,_.,she got along with her classmates,“,What is/was the matter?”,”,what is/was wrong?”,变为间接引语时,语序不变,.,The teacher asked the boy_.,A.what the matter was B.what was the matter,C.what the matter is D.what is the matter,1.He askedHow much do you pay for the computer,？”,He asked _ for the computer.,A.did you pay how much B.you paid how much,C.how much did I pay D.how much I paid,2.“Have you seen the film?”he asked me.,He asked me _.A.had I seen the film B.have I seen the filmC.if I have seen the film D.whether I had seen the film,Work in groups of 3.Two students make the dialogue,and the third one retells the red part.,A:Have you heard of a popular program,“Happy Boys”?And the champion(,tmpin,冠军,)is Li Wei.,B:_.As far as I am concerned(,依我看来,),it is(no)pleasure_.,Are you crazy about everything to do with it?,A:_.,I can well remember that there was a time when_.,B:,Which boy do you like/dislike most?,A:I like/dislike_ most.,Thank you!,根据留言提示，完成下列对话：,Mom and Dad,I will be on train No.166 in 3 days.The train will arrive at 11:00pm at No.4 Platform.One of my classmates father will drive us home.So dont worry about me.Ill get home safe and sound.Im looking forward to seeing you.Besides,I wonder if you has received my test report of the final exam.So how about Toms final examination and whats the mark that he has got?,Kate,Dad:Kate called when you went out shopping.,Mom:Really?When will she come back?,Dad:She said _.,Mom:When will the train arrive at the station?,Dad:She said _.,Mom:That would be late.Its dangerous for a girl to walk alone in the street late a t night.,Dad:Dont worry.She said _,and _.,Mom:That is kind of him.Has she mentioned the test report,?,Dad:Yeah,She asked _.,Mom,:,You should tell her that we have got it to make her relieved.What else did Kate say?,Mom and Dad,I will be on train No.166 in 3 days.The train will arrive at 11:00pm at No.4 Platform.One of my classmates father will drive us home.So dont worry about me.Ill get home safe and sound.Im looking forward to seeing you.Besides,I wonder if you has received my test report of the final exam.So how about Toms final examination and whats the mark that he has got?,Kate,Dad:She asked Toms final examination,and_.,Mom,:,Oh,she,cares so much about her brother.She has never been away before.I am looking,forward to seeing her.,Mom and Dad,I will be on train No.166 in 3 days.The train will arrive at 11:00pm at No.4 Platform.One of my classmates father will drive us home.So dont worry about me.Ill get home safe and sound.Im looking forward to seeing you.Besides,I wonder if you has received my test report of the final exam.So how about Toms final examination and whats the mark that he has got?,Kate,根据留言提示，完成下列对话：,Mom and Dad,I will be on train No.166 in 3 days.The train will arrive at 11:00pm at No.4 Platform.One of my classmates father will drive us home.So dont worry about me.Ill get home safe and sound.Im looking forward to seeing you.Besides,I wonder if you has received my test report of the final exam.So how about Toms final examination and whats the mark that he has got?,Kate,Dad:Kate called when you went out shopping.,Mom:Really?When will she come back?,Dad:She said _.,Mom:When will the train arrive at the station?,Dad:She said _.,Mom:That would be late.Its dangerous for a girl to walk alone in the street late a t night.,She would come back on Train No.166 in 3 days.,the train would arrive at 11:00pm.,Dad:Dont worry.She said _,and _.,Mom:That is kind of him.Has she mentioned the test report,?,Dad:Yeah,She asked _.,Mom,:,You should tell her that we have got it to make her relieved.What else did Kate say?,one of her classmates father would send them home.,she would get home safe and sound.,if?/whether we had received her test report of the final exam.,Mom and Dad,I will be on train No.166 in 3 daysThe train will arrive at 11:00pm at No.4 Platform.One of my classmates father will drive us home.So dont worry about me.Ill get home safe and sound.Im looking forward to seeing you.Besides,I wonder if you has received my test report of the final exam.So how about Toms final examination and whats the mark that he has got?,Kate,Dad:She asked Toms final examination,and_.,Mom,:,Oh,she,cares so much about her brother.She has never been away before.I am looking,forward to seeing her.,Mom and Dad,I will be on train No.166 in 3 days.The train will arrive at 11:00pm at No.4 Platform.One of my classmates father will drive us home.So dont worry about me.Ill get home safe and sound.Im looking forward to seeing you.Besides,I wonder if you has received my test report of the final exam.So how about Toms final examination and whats the mark that he has got?,Kate,what the mark was that Tom had got,Thank you!,变 化,例 句,直接引语,间接引语,this,that,The lawyer said,“I will come,this,morning.”,The lawyer said that she would go,that,morning.,these,those,He said,“,These,books are mine.”,He said that,those,books were his.,now,then,She said,“It is nine oclock,now,.”,She said that it was nine oclock,then,.,ago,before/earlier,Bob said,“My sister was here,three days ago,.”,Bob said that his sister had been there,three days before/earlier.,today,that day,David said,“I havent seen her,today,.”,David said that he hadnt seen her,that day,.,yesterda,y,the day before,She said,“I went there,yesterday.,”,She said that she had gone there,the day before,.,tomorrow,the,next/following,day,She said,“I will go there,tomorrow,.”,She said that she would go there,the next/following day,.,the day after tomorrow,in two days time,The captain said,“They will arrive,the day after tomorrow,.”,The captain said that they would arrive,in two days time,.,come,go,here,there,the day before yesterday,two days before/earlier,She said,“I,came,here,to see the doctor,the,day before yesterday,.”,She said that she had,gone there,to see the doctor,two days before/earlier,时态的变化,例 句,直接引语,间接引语,一般现在时,一般过去时,“I,dont want,to set down a series of facts in a diary,”said Anne,Anne said that she,didnt want,to set down a series of facts in a diary,现在进行时,过去进行时,The boy said,“,Im using,a knife.”,The boy said that he,was using,a knife.,现在完成时,过去完成时,Cella,said,“I,have not heard,from Jordan since May.”,Cella,said that she,had not heard,from Jordan since May.,一般过去时,过去完成时,They said,“We,saw,her in the street.”,They said that they,had seen,her in the street.,过去完成时,不变,He said,“I,had finished,my homework before supper.”,He said that he,had finished,his homework before supper.,一般将来时,过去将来时,Zhou,Lan,said,“,Ill do,it after class.”,Zhou,Lan,said that she,would do,it after class.,