高考英语结构型单项填空题课件.ppt

基础复习,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考英语结构型单项填空题课件,句型结构的正确理解和把握对语言的运用是十分必要的，如果不能正确分析和理解句子结构就会对句子产生歧义，因此，高考单项填空题中对句型结构考查的目的就是要求考生能够正确区分某些易混淆的句型结构，从而为正确理解句义提供前提条件。从对近几年高考试题的分析可以看出，结构型试题的考查重点在于对强调句型、,it,句型（形式主语、形式宾语）、倒装句型以及对其他句型结构的考查。,备考策略,做结构型单项填空题，掌握句型结构是基础。只有熟练掌握句型，才能正确理解句意，做题时才能正确分析句型结构，并最终作出正确的选择。,1.,掌握句型结构,高中重点句型归纳,1.notuntil/till2.This/It is the+,序数词,/last+time that.3.with+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,4.once+,时间状语从句,5.,表示倍数的句型,:,A+be+,倍数,+as+adj./adv.+as+B A+be+,倍数,+,形容词或副词的比较级,+than+B A+be+,倍数,+the size/length/height/depth/width+of+B A+be+,形容词的比较级,+than+B+by+,倍数,6.so+many/much/little/few+n.+that such+a/an+adj.+n.+that such+adj.+n.(pl)/n.(u)+that,7.would rather do sth 8.The reason whybe that,高中重点句型归纳,9.,感叹句,:What a/an+(adj.)+,可数名词单数,+(,主语,+,谓语,)What+(adj.)+,可数名词的复数,+(,主语,+,谓语,)How+adj./adv.+(,主语,+,谓语,)How+adj.+a/an+,可数名词单数,+,主语,+,谓语,10.It be+,一段时间,+since,从句,11.the sameas/it is the same with 12.more than/no more than13.be supposed to do sth 14.as+,形容词,/,副词原级,as15.,祈使句,and,陈述句；祈使句,or,陈述句,16.It is+v-ed+that.17.make+,宾语宾语补足语,18.It takes/took,sb,to do,19.There is no doubt that 20.Make sure that21.It is adj.(for/of),sb,to do sth22.See,宾语 宾语补足语,23.be+of+,名词,24.,主语,be+adj.+to do sth25.It looks/looked as if/though26.have+,宾语宾语补足语,27.no longer/notany longer28.find+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,29.tooto30.,sb,/sth be likely to do 31.How do you find?32.why not?/why dont you?,高中重点句型归纳,33.call,宾语宾语补足语,34.,疑问句,-ever(,No matter)+,疑问词让步状语从句,35.adj./adv.+enough to do36.be used to sth/doing sth 37.It is time(for,sb,)to do38.be+to do 39.be to blame40.prevent(from)doing sth 41.There is no need(for,sb,)to do sth 42.keep+,宾语,+,宾语补足语,43.not onlybut also44.,主语,must have+,过去分词,45.have difficulty(in)doing sth46.be doing when,高中重点句型归纳,47.There be,句型,48.be worth doing/sth49.It is+adj.+that,从句,50.as well as51.warn,sb,to do sth52.get,过去分词,53.,独立主格结构,:,名词,/,代词名词；名词,/,代词形容词；名词,/,代词副词；名词,/,代词介词短语；名词,/,代词现在分词；名词,/,代词过去分词；名词,/,代词动词不定式,54.,比较级,and+,比较级,55.no soonerthan56.It is useless to do/doing,高中重点句型归纳,备考策略,要摒弃孤立句型结构知识的学习，在训练中培养按特定语境的实际要求运用所学知识的能力。这里列出几个解结构型单项填空题的解题技巧。,所谓,“,技巧,”,建立在掌握句型结构的基础之上，没有扎实的基础知识就没有技巧可言。,2.,加强解题技巧和解题思路训练,技巧,1,删除干扰部分,有些试题的考点本来十分简单，但命题人却通过使用定语从句、加插入语等，把我们所熟悉的句子结构有意拆分，将句子复杂化，给我们解题造成困难。对于这类题，我们应仔细分析句子结构，先将插入语、定语从句等“枝叶”剔除，找出句子主干，从而准确分析出各部分的成分。,例,The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see,_ the nextyear.A.carried out B.carrying out C.carry out D.to carry out,此题结构比较复杂，此句的主干是：,The managers discussed the plane.“that they would like to see the next year”,是修饰名词,the plan,的定语从句，而在这个定语从句中，关系代词,that,用作动词,see,的宾语，所以定语从句的本来面目便是,they would like to see the plan the next year,。显然，其中的,the plan,与横线处的,carry out有被动关系，故应填过去分词,carried out,，即此题正确答案为,A,。,技巧,2,适当转换句式,有些试题的题干中使用了倒装,、强调等句型，容易使我们产生错觉，无法分清句子成分,。对于这类题，我们应,把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题干变换为陈述句，再作选择就容易多了,。,例,Mr,Wang,whom would you rather _ the important,meeting?,Jane.A.have attend B.have attended,C.having attend D.have to attend,此题题干为疑问句，如将此改为陈述句就是：,I would rather have Jane attend the important meeting.would rather,后应接动词,原形，,have,sb,do,sth,是“要某人作某事”。故此题正确答案为,A,。,技巧,3,补全省略成分,为了避免重复，使上下文衔接更紧密，常常会使用省略句。,单项选择题的题干中常常会出现省略现象，在做此类题时，若先将,被省略的部分补充完整，做题就容易多了。,例,What do you think made Mary so upset?,_ her new bike.,A.As she lost B.Lost C.Losing D.Because of losing,将答句补全就是：,_ her new bike made her so upset.,显,然，空白处所缺成分是句子的主语。在各选项中只有动名词,losing,能作主语，故此题答案为,C,。,备考策略,有许多试题，从表明上看是一种结构，而事实上命题人考查的却是另一种结构，如不仔细辨别，则很容易出错。这就要求在复习时注意区分容易混淆的句型，做题时认真分析题干，谨防结构型单项填空题中的结构陷阱。,3.,谨防结构陷阱,3.,谨防结构陷阱,【,解析,】,从选项来看，似乎选,B,、,C,、,D,均可以，因为,have to go,have,gone,has to go,等本身从语法上看都是可能的，而最不可能选,的就是A,，因为,have go,这结构本身就有点怪，似乎不妥。但,其实正确答案正是,A,。看下面句子：,I would rather have Jim go with me.,我宁愿要吉姆同我一道去。,句中的,have,为使役动词，所以其后用作宾语补足语的不定式,go with me,不带,to,。假若对此句中的,Jim,提问，就成了,Whom would you rather have go with you.,例,1 Whom would you rather _ with you,Jim or Jack?A.have go B.have to go C.have gone D.has to go,3,.,谨防结构陷阱,【,解析,】,许多同学根据,pay.for.,这一搭配推断出此题应选。但,A,是错误的。,若单独说,He paid$5 000 for the car.,(,他付了,5 000,美元买这车,),并没有错，但问题是，本题中前半句说,He was in great need of money(,他急需要钱,),，既然是“急需要钱”，又怎么还会花,5000,美元去买车呢？尤其还需注意的是,car,前的物主代词,his,，这说明是为自己的车花,5000,美元，不合情理。此题的正确答案是,B,，,take,在此表示,“获得”，句意为“他,急需要钱，所以以,5000,美元把自己的车卖掉,了”。,例,2He was in great need of money,so he _$5,000 for his car.,A.paid B.took C.cost D.spent,