Unit 12 Teaching Writing.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,Teaching Writing,Unit 12,3/3/2026,1,I.The nature of writing in reality,1.What do we write in reality?,2.Why do we write?,3.How do we write?,4.Is writing in our English teaching,classrooms the same as writing in reality?,Wang:207-208,3/3/2026,2,accuracy-based,writing tasks,designed to practise certain target structures,insufficient preparation before the writing stage,no sense of audience/authenticity,no opportunity for creative writing,test-oriented,II.Problems in Classroom Writing Tasks,Wang:212,3/3/2026,3,Generally speaking,the place of written exercises is to consolidate the newly learned language.However,mechanical writing activities do not themselves motivate the students much.,III.Communicative,approach to writing,3/3/2026,4,In order to motivate students to write,it is necessary to engage the students in some act of communication.i.e.writing for a specific recipient,or engaging in an act of creative writing where their work is intended to be read by other people(intended audience).In short,students can be motivated by authentic writing tasks that have some communicative elements.,3/3/2026,5,It should be noted that at the stage of language learning,not everything can be purely communicative;the learners do many activities while keeping an eye on certain language elements.So writing activities can be between“,writing for learning,”and“,writing for communication,”.,(Wang:209),3/3/2026,6,practice,Do Task No.2 and No 3.,(Wang:209211),3/3/2026,7,Product approach,Process approach,IV.A process approach to writing,(Wang:208),(Wang:213-219),3/3/2026,8,T,he,process approach,is defined as an approach to the teaching of writing which stresses the creativity of the individual writer,and which pays attention to the development of good writing practices rather than the imitation of models.(Tribble,1996,p160).Thus,the,focus,shifts from the final product itself to the different stages the writer goes through in order to create this product.That is by breaking down the task as a whole into its constituent parts.,3/3/2026,9,Writing Processes,Creating a motivation to write,Brainstorming,Mapping,Free writing,Outlining,Drafting,Editing,Revising,Proofreading,Conferencing,(Wang:213-219),3/3/2026,10,Read the part of your textbook at Page 214 and get some idea about the features of process writing.,Features of Process writing,3/3/2026,11,1.Pre-writing,Pre-writing,is a very important stage of the whole writing process.During this stage we can help our students to work out a general plan for their writing.Activities may include deciding on,the purpose,the audience,the contents,and,the general outline.,3/3/2026,12,Developing a sense of purpose,and a sense of audience,To have a sense of purpose and a sense of audience will significantly influence the first stage of the writing process,that of exploring possible content and planning outline.,(,Gu,:14-17,Book 2),(Wang:214),3/3/2026,13,practice,Suppose you are told to write on the topic,“My Town”without being told who the,reader is and what the purpose of writing is.,Now take a few minutes to write down a list,of things you would include in this topic.,3/3/2026,14,Situation 1,You have,been asked,to write a,report on,your town,to attract,possible,investors.,Contents,StylesLocation,Industrial resources,Energy resources,Communications&transport,Main forms of industry,Population figures&distribution,Main forms of employment,Unemployment figures,Cost of land and property,Local government incentives,Impersonal,Formal,Technical terms,3/3/2026,15,Situation 2,You have,been asked,to write,about your,town for,a tourist,brochure.,Contents,Styles,Location,Geographical features,Size,Population,Places of historical interest,Beauty spots,Places of entertainment,Hotels,Restaurants,Local specialties,Local festivals,Shopping facilities,Transport,Impersonal,Formal,(possibly informal depending on the style of the guide),General terms,3/3/2026,16,Situation 3,Your head,has asked,you to write,a letter to a,foreign,teacher,who will come,to teach at,your school,next year.,Contents,Styles,Location,Size,Population,Style of buildings,Main features of the town,Main features of the region,The school,The students,The teaching timetable,Housing available,Shopping facilities,Transport facilities,Sports facilities&parks,Entertainment facilities,Personal(to a slight degree),Informal&friendly,General terms,3/3/2026,17,ii.Generating ideas,to gather information or ideas about the topicactivities like questions and answers,group discussion,or brainstorming/bring some sample reading materials for the students to read before talking about their own ideas)(,Gu,:17-18),Brainstorming,Wang:214-215,3/3/2026,18,iii.Organizing ideas,to design some tasks to organize the ideas according to the sequences,categories or sub-topics of the general ideas.The purpose is to help students to group ideas and to form a general structure of their writing.(,Gu,:19-21),Mapping,Wang:215,3/3/2026,19,Editing,The writing process is a constant recycling of planning,drafting,reviewing,re-planning,and revising until there is the final product.Editing is the most important activity of the post-writing stage and its purposes are to check for accuracy,provide feedback to a piece of writing for further improvement,and make the final version.,Wang:216-218,3/3/2026,20,1.Self-editing,2.Peer editing,Different Kinds of Editing,Wang:216-218,3/3/2026,21,practice,Finish reading the left part of the textbook about process approach to writing and then do Task No.6,3/3/2026,22,V.Motivating students to write,Question,How can teachers motivate students to write?,3/3/2026,23,Principles,Read the part of the textbook from Page 221 to Page 223.,3/3/2026,24,VI.Designing writing tasks,Read the four sample writing tasks.Discuss with your partners about what implications you can have about how to design good writing tasks.,3/3/2026,25,VII.Using the Internet to promote,process writing,3/3/2026,26,Homework,Finish Task No.10 after class.,3/3/2026,27,Thank You!,3/3/2026,28,