高考英语复习——定语从句.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Attributive Clause,学习方法指导,概念：,用一个句子放在一个名词或代词的后面作定语。,She is,the girl,whom,I am looking for.,先行词,关系代词,This is,the village,where,she grew up.,先行词,关系副词,一、引导定语从句的关系词,指代人,who,，,whom,，,that,指代事物,which,，,that,所属关系,whose,，,of which,，,of whom,指地点,where,指时间,when,指原因,why,指人,指物,主语,宾语,that,which,who,whom,关系代词在从句中可以,：,何时可以省略？,关系代词（副词）在定从中的成份：,1.The man,who,came to our school is Mr.Wang.,2.The girl,(whom),I met is Lucy.,3.A child,whose,parents are dead is called Tom.,4.I like the book,(which),you bought yesterday.,5.His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone,whosefamily was poor.,6.I like the person,to whom,you just talked.,7.We shall never forget the days,(that),we spent together.,8.We shall never the days,when,we lived together.,一、关系词选择的步骤,第一步：先判断是什么从句,一般定语从句的结构是,“先行词,+,关系代,/,副词,+,从句”。,(,牢固树立这一概念后，可减少很多不该出现的错误。,),第二步：是关系代词，还是关系副词,关键是,如何选择关系词。,方法一,依据,在从句中所做的成分,关系代词,(that,，,which,，,who,，,whom,等,),主要用作,主语,和,宾语,；,关系副词,(when,，,where,，,why),主要用作,状语,；,作,定语,时用,whose,。,方法二：,完全取决于从句中的,谓语动词,。,及物动词后面无宾语,，就必须要求用关系代词；而,不及物动词,则要求用关系副词,。,This is the village,where,I stayed last year.,This is the mountain village,which/that,I visited last year.,第三步：看先行词,如选择关系代词：是人还是物如选择关系副词：地点,时间,原因（,reason),是用关系代词还是关系副词,1,May 1 is the day _Ill never forget,2,May 1 is the day_we spent together,3,May 1 is the day _I joined the army,A,that/which B,when,误：,This is the house where we lived in last year,正：,This is the house which,that we lived in last year,译：这是我们去年住过的那个房子。,定语从句中的关系副词,when,where,why,when,在定语从句中作时间状语，相当,于,“,介词,+,关系代词（,which,）,”,。,Ill never forget the day,when,I joined,the league.,on which,where,在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词,+,关系代词（,which,）,This is the house,where,I lived two years ago,.,in which,why,在定语从句中作原因状语，,相当于,“,介词,for+,关系代词,which,）,”,。,Do you know the reason,why,she,was late.,for which,“,of+which/whom”,可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。,e.g.1.In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.,that B.who,C.from whom D.to whom,二、考点：介词,+,关系代词,1.,根据从句中动词或形容词,与介词,的习惯搭配，如：,e.g.Can you explain to me how to use these idioms,about which,Im sure.,关系代词前介词的确定,The girl _ which he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.,He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.,for,on,He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.,Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, all of which activities dolphins are expert.,with,in,2.,根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请体会：,e.g.Is that the newspaper,for which,you often write articles?,3.,根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请体会：,e.g.1949 was the year,in which,the P.R.C.was founded.,The rate _ which wild animals are being destroyed has increased.,This is our classroom,_which there is a teachers desk.,at,in the front of,1.The sun gives us heat and light,_ which we cant live.,2.The student _ whom we were talking just now is the best student in our class.,3.Ill never forget the day _ which she said good-bye to me.,4.Who can give me the reason _ which he hasnt turned up yet?,without,about,on,for,三,.,非限制性定与从句中，要表示先行词的一部分时，可用“,名词,/,数词,/,代词,+of+,which/whom,”,的结构，如：,e.g.There are 50 students in our class,two-thirds of whom,have been to Beijing.,The committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.,The book contains 50 poems,most of _ was written in 1930s.,There are two left,one of _ is almost finished,and the other of _ is not quite.,I have a sentence,the meaning of _ I dont understand.,whom,which,which,which,which,名词,/,代词,/,数词,+of+which/whom,四,.Whose,从句可转换为“,of+,关系代词”型，如：,e.g.They live in a house,whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house,of which,the door opens to the south.,They lived in a house,the door of which,open to the south.,There are 20 students in this class,_ are different.,A.whose backgrounds,B.the backgrounds of whom,C.of whom the backgrounds,D.the backgrounds of whose,五,.,主语和谓语一致,1,、关系代词在定语从句中主语，其谓语动词与先行词保持一致。例如：,The boy who is standing at the door is my son.,2,、在,one of the+,复数名词,+,定语从句”结构中，复数名词是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用复数形式。例如：,This is one of the best books that have ever been written on the subject.,3,、在“,the only one of the+,复数名词,+,定语从句”结构中，,one,是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语，其谓语动词用单数。例如：,This is the only one of the best books that has ever been written on the subject.,