高考英语英语阅读理解专题讲座--猜测词义.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,阅读理解,猜词,高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求,要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：,、理解主旨要义；,、理解文中具体信息；,、根据上下文推断生词的词义；,、作出简单判断和理解；,、理解文章的基本结构；,、理解作者的意图和态度,。,20012005,年阅读理解试题分类情况,题目设计数量,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,试题设计分类,事实细节题,3,5,11,4,主旨大意题,3,3,3,3,词义猜测题,4,4,4,1,4,推理判断题,9,7,2,9,识图计算题,1,1,上下文,构词法,猜测词意,2007英语高考专题讲座,阅读理解之,猜测词意,信号词：,be,be called,means,be defined as,A,mosquito,is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood.,Desert,can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation to support human life.,1定义或解释说明,蚊子,沙漠,Ex.1,A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a,carpenter,.,His uncle is a,zoologist,an expert who does research on animals.,The,herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650 yuan a year.,We are on the,night shift,-from midnight to 8 a.m.-this week.,木匠动物学家,牧人,夜班,2,、对比关系,信号词,:but,however,yet,otherwise,while,though,on the one handon the other hand,for one thingfor another thing,instead of,等,Though Toms face has been washed quite clean,his neck still remains,grubby,.,John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things,his wife,however,is verythrifty,.,污秽的,节约的,Ex.2,In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of,turmoil,.,If you agree,write“yes”;if you,dissent,write“no”.,Some human actions are learned,but quite a few other actions are,innate,.,Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money,I was sure that he was,innocent,of the theft.,混乱,无辜的,天生的,不同意,3,、因果关系,信号词,:because,since,as,for,due to,so,therefore,sothat,suchthat,thus,Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very,elastic,.,The river is so,turbid,that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.,弹性的,混浊的,Ex.3,Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting,I bought a,replica,.An inexperienced eye could not tell the difference.,Hes such a,shrewd,businessman that he loses no money in any trade.,She wanted the hairdresser to,trim,her hair a bit because it was too long.,复制品,精明的,修剪,装置,4,、举例法,信号词,:such,such as,like,for example/instance,especially,include,consist of,Cars must have certain safety,devices,such as seat belt,headlights,and good brakes.,On the farm they mainly raise,poultry,such as chickens,ducks and geese,for their eggs and meat.,家禽,5,、重述,信号词,:or,that is(to say),in other words,to put it another way,i.e.,In some countries where there is very little rain,the farmers have to,irrigate,or water,their fields.,All whales fall into two groups,those with teeth and those without,Dolphins belong to,odontoceti,that is to say,they are toothed whales.,灌溉,灌溉,有牙齿的,6,、同义词、近义词,信号词,:or,like,asas,the same as,The new tax law,supersedes,or replaces,the law that was in effect last year.,Mother was tall,fat and middle-aged.My aunt was an old woman,almost as,plump,as mother,and much shorter.,推迟,圆胖的,7,、生活经验,生活常识,逻辑推理,When a doctor performs an operation on a patient,he usually gives an,anaesthetic,to make him unconscious,because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him.,When you throw a stone into still water of a lake,you will watch,a,ripple,spread in rings on the surface of water.,Metal,expands,when heated and,contracts,when cooled.,麻药,波纹,膨胀,冷缩,Ex.,One of,symptoms,caused by the peculiar illness is a high fever.,Because this chemical liquid is highly,volatile,we must keep it in a bottle which has a tight lid.,In the strong wind,the beggar,shivered,with the terrible cold.,症状,易挥发的颤抖,小试身手,Alberts success after much effort and practice proves the value of,persistence,.,A.time B.competition C.perseverance,2.All his attempts to unlock the door was,futile,because he was using the wrong key.,A.,成功的,B.,徒劳的,C.,有效的,D.,匆促的,3.Though Mr.Smith has been manager for just 3 months,he has already made much greater achievements than his,predecessors,.,A.,上级,B.,前任,C.,同事,D.,下级,祝,功,成,你,!,4.She didnt hear what you said because she was completely,engrossed,in her reading.,A.,心不在焉的,B.,紧张的,C.,全神贯注的,D.,睡意浓的,5.Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl.But her sister was quite,sedate,.,A.pretty Bcalm C.protective D.energetic,6.He is a,resolute,man.Once he makes up his mind to do something,he wont give it up halfway.,A.strong B.firm C.kind D.clever,祝,功,成,你,!,7.The official asked the man what his,occupation,was.The man told him that he worked as an engineer.,A.work B.study C.name D.interest,8.Those new comers were not used to the life in the,suburbs,which was so different from that inside the city.A.town B.capital C.country D.house,9.You can take any of the,periodicals,:The World of English,Foreign Language Teaching in School,or English Learning.,A.dictionaries B.story-books C.magazines D.newspapers,祝,功,成,你,!,10.The flowers in the vase,withered,because they had no water.,A.became sweeter B.became red C.became dry,11.Just for fun,they decided to try a very,circuitous,country road instead of the more direct highway.,A.direct B.indirect C.straight,12.That museum is so,immense,that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day.,A.small B.large C.dull,祝,功,成,你,!,celebrity (A.,名人,B.,作家,C.,主持人,)Two years ago that singer had no money and no fame.Now she is a famous,celebrity,.,enterprising (A.,令人惊讶的,B.,神秘的,C.,有进取心的,)Frank is a very,enterprising,person.He always thinks of new ideas to make his business run better.,in the public eye,That actress has been,in the public eye,almost all her life.She first appeared on a TV show when she was 8 years old.,promote (A.,提升,B.,推销,C.,遥控,)If you want the boss to choose you for the job,promote,yourself as the best person.,ultimately(A.,按时地,B.,最终,C.,幸福地,)Bob just started dating(,约会,)Susan.He hopes this relationship will,ultimately,lead to marriage.,经常在公开场合露面,What does“,in the public eye,”mean?,A.,公众熟悉的,出名的,Tips,:,in public,在公众场合,the public,大众,eye,眼睛,Guess,B.,在群众的眼里,C.,公开的,D.,令人眼热的,Mr Zhang often appears,in public,.,But he is not famoushe is not,in the public eye,.,8.,根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义,例题：,Tom cant find,his,sneakers,.,C.shoes,Tom cant find his,white sneakers,Tom cant play tennis now because he cant find his white,sneakers,.,A.money,B.bowls,l,）,Jane is usually,prompt,.,A,late B,on time C,pleased,Jane is usually,prompt,for her classes,Jane is usually,prompt,for all her classes,，,but she arrived in the middle of her first class.,adj.,敏捷的,迅速的,即时的,adv.,准时地,2,）,Tom saw,an owl,last night,A,a bird B,an animal C,the sun,Tom saw,an owl,in a tree last night,Tom saw,an owl,last night but it flew away when he got near,猫头鹰,3,）,The boy wants a,pony,A,dog B,cat C,horse,The boy wants a brown,pony,The boy wants to ride a brown,pony.,小型马,4,）,The children are looking at,an ape,.,A,a kind of monkey B,a kind of snake C,a kind of bird,The children are looking at,an ape,at the zoo,The children are looking at a large,hairy(,毛的,),ape,at the zoo,猿,5,）,The,trout,is very cheap,A,fish B,fruit C,apple,The fresh,trout,is very cheap,The fresh,trout,is very cheap,but I dont know how to cook it,鲑鱼,6)The lady asked the waitress to get her a,saucer,A,a glass B,a cake C,a small plate,The lady asked the waitress to get her a clean,saucer,The lady asked the waitress to get her a clean,saucer,to put her coffee cup on,茶托,7,),We seldom see a,sparrow,now.,Aa kind of dog Ba kind of plane,Ca kind of bird,We seldom see a,sparrow,in the sky.,We seldom see a,sparrow,in the sky because the air is not so clean now as used to be,麻雀,