专题突破系列(一).ppt

专题突破系列（一）,单项填空之,“,删、补、还,”,三招御敌,【,典题示例,】,.,试着用删除法选出题目答案。,1.(2012,重庆高考,)Before you quit your job,_ how your family would feel about your decision.,A.consider B.considering,C.to consider D.considered,【,点拨,】,结合选项来分析句子结构，逗号前为时间状语从句，如果删除，后面句子实际上是一个祈使句。由此可知，,A,选项符合题意。故选,A,。,2.(2010,安徽高考,)It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner.,A.where B.that C.when D.which,【,点拨,】,考查强调句型。迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句,that she had bought in the village,。如果能很快发现,that she had bought in the village,其实是一个冗余成分并删除，答案就一目了然了。故选,B,。,【,点津,】,从以上两题可知在单项填空题中，通过分析句子成分或结构不难发现有些成分是冗余的，只要删除就能轻松找到答案，此法为删除法。,.,试着用补全法选出题目答案。,1.(2010,浙江高考,)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if _ regularly,can improve our health.,A.being carried out B.carrying out,C.carried out D.to carry out,【,点拨,】,考查省略句式。句意：这项实验表明，适当的运动，如果有规律地进行，能够有助于我们的身体健康。当主从句主语一致时，从句可以使用省略形式，即“连词,v,.-,ing/,v,.-ed”,形式。本句中,if,条件状语从句省略了,they are,，补全后可知用被动，所以答案选,C,项。,2.(2009,湖南高考,)Every evening after dinner,if not _ from work,I will spend some time walking my dog.,A.being tired B.tiring,C.tired D.to be tired,【,点拨,】,考查省略句式。在,if,引导的条件状语从句中，从句补全后应为,if I am not tired from work,，根据省略的原则，答案显而易见为,C,项。,【,点津,】,以上两题均为省略句式，需要补全句子成分才可以找到正确答案，此法为补全法。,.,试着用还原法选出题目答案。,1.(2012,湖南高考,)Care of the soul is a gradual process _ even the small details of life should be considered.,A.what B.in what,C.which D.in which,【,点拨,】,考查定语从句。句意：对心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程，在这个过程中，甚至生活中那些微小的细节都应该加以考虑。还原句子,even the small details of life should be considered in a gradual process,可知定语从句与先行词之间用,in,，意为“在,的过程中”，故用,in which,引导定语从句，,which,指代前面的,process,。故选,D,。,2.(2011,全国卷,)The next thing he saw was smoke _ from behind the house.,A.rose B.rising C.to rise D.risen,【,点拨,】,考查非谓语动词作定语的用法。句意：接下来他看到的是烟从房子的后面冒出来。,rise(,升起来,),和,see(,看到,),这两个动作是同时发生的，因此选择现在进行时表示非谓语动词动作和谓语动词动作同时发生。还原句子为,the smoke was rising.,。故答案为,B,。,【,点津,】,从以上两题可以看出：在单项填空题中通过变化句子结构来干扰学生，此类试题可以通过还原句子，用正常句式来突破，此种方法为还原法。,【,专家支招,】,1.,为何用删除法？命题人通过添加插入语、限定语、定语从句、同位语等成分，增加了句子的复杂程度，造成学生的视觉差异，从而导致思维错位，产生误导。,巧用删除法,:,去掉多余信息,(,插入语、限定语、倒装句、定语从句、同位语、非正常语序和强调句等,),，答案就显而易见了。,2.,为何用补全法？省略句很容易影响学生对句子结构的准确把握。典型的省略句有：不定式的省略、状语从句的省略、句子谓语的省略、主谓语的省略及强调句型的省略等。,教你用补全法,:,把省略的句子结构补充完整，干扰因素也就随之消失，答案也就容易判断了。,3.,为何用还原法？命题人可以利用强调句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、感叹句、拆分句等特殊结构来改变句子的正常语序，造成搭配上的假象，从而达到干扰的目的。这类题有相当大的迷惑性，极易导致学生上当。,活用还原法,:,把主从复合句还原为两个简单句；把疑问句还原为陈述句；把强调句结构还原为普通句式结构；把倒装结构还原为正常结构；把被动结构还原为主动结构等。,