高三英语一轮复习 语法部分定语从句课件 牛当版 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,英语句子的基本结构,主语,+,谓语,1.be +,表语,2.vt.+,宾语,3.vi.+/,+,介词,+,宾语,+,状语,定语从句,一、定语从句的分类,限制性定语从句：从句对主句起限制作用，从句必不可少。,e.g.He is the man that I am looking for.,2.,非限制性定语从句：从句对主句进行补充，,用逗号隔开。,e.g.This is the farm,where he used to live.,二、定语从句的重要组成成分,先行词：定语从句所修饰的词。一般由名词或代词构成。“,的,”.(,走在定语从句前面的词。,),2.,连接词：连接定语从句与主句。,e.g.He is,the man,that I am looking for.,先行词 定语从句,三、连接词（关系词）的作用,连接：即连接主句与从句。,替代：连接词替代先行词，即从句中不再出现先行词。,作成分：连接词在从句中充当成分，即先行词所作的成分由连接词替代。,e.g.He is the man,that,I am looking for.,宾语,四、连接词（关系词）的分类,关系代词：主语、宾语、表语、,定语。,that/which/,who/whom/whose/as,关系副词：状语,when/where/why,关系词,五、限制性定语从句中,先行词,主语,（表语）,宾语,定语,(,的,),人,who/that,who/whom,/that/,省略,whose,/of whom,物,which/that,which/that,/,省略,whose,/of which,注意：,1.主语、宾语、表语、定语，指的是从句中所缺的成分；,2.非限制性定语从句中，将上表的that去掉。而且，作宾语不能省略。,3.whose+n.=the+n.+of which whose name=the name of,whom,练习：,1.Do you know the man,_,name is Tom?2.He is not the man _ he was before.,3.This is the farm _ we visited yesterday.,4.He is the student _ the teacher likes the best.,5.This is the farm,_ we visited yesterday.,六、定语从句中只能用,that,，不用,which,的情况,先行词是不定代词（,all,something,few,little,anything,few,little,much,）。,当先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,当先行词既有人又有物时。,当句中已经有,who/which,时。,当先行词被,the only,the very(,恰好，恰巧,),，,the same,the last,修饰时。,七、定语从句中只用,which,，不用,that,的情况,非限制性定语从句中，只能用,which,。,介词提前的时候（介词后面，表物只能用,which,，表人只能用,whom,）,e.g.He is the student,of whom,the teacher is proud.,关系副词的用法,在从句中作状语,(,关键是分析句子成分！,),表时间,when,，表地点,where,表原因,why,e.g.,I cant forget the day,when,I reached here.,This is the farm,where,we worked before.,区别关系代词,与,关系副词,关键是分析定语从句中所缺的成分！,I will never forget the days,that,we spent,together.,I will never forget the days,when,we met,each other.,介词,+which,关系副词可以用“介词,+which”,替换。根据从句中动词的搭配，来选择介词。,e.g.,This is the farm,where,I worked before.,(I worked in the farm.),This is the farm,in which,I worked before.,2.,介词,+which,表人；介词,+whom,表物,特殊用法,the same as ;such as,e.g.He is,such,a great teacher,as,all the students like.,2.what=the thing(person)that,e.g.,我不喜欢你说的那个人。,I dont like,what,you talked about.,I dont like,the person that,you talked about3.,在定语从句中：,which/as,可以,指代整个句子,（整件事情）。,which,引导的从句，用于主句后。,as,引导的从句，可置于主句前、后。,as is known to us,正如我们所知的一样,e.g.The earth is round,as is known to us.,4.where,经常用于表示抽象的地点。,e.g.,Things have reached to a point,where,the,police were called.(where,表示抽象的地点,),what,的用法,What=,先行词,+,连接词,即,what =the thing that(,物,),=the man that(,人,),e.g.,他就是我要找的人,.,He is the man that I am looking for.,He is what I am looking for.,做定语从句练习题的步骤：,先找先行词，确定先行词是人还是物。,再找定语从句。,分析定语从句中所缺的成分。,