高三英语如何指导学生写开放作文课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Open-ended,writing,开放作文,开放作文试题特点：,1,）借助一幅漫画，鼓励学生发散思维，表达,自己对画面中内容的理解。,2,）在观察、理解试题的前提下，从不同角度,展开想象，表达自己观点。,3,）试题的趣味性与解题的挑战性；,4,）能力的发展性与答案的开放性。,开放作文：,审题最为关键,关注开放作文文章结构,例,1,：,2008,北京卷 开放作文,请根据下面提示，写,一篇短文,.,词数不少于,50,。,In an English speech competition,you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how you understand it.,From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hard-working pencil.The compasses are big,drawing a circle with ease,while the pencil is small,drawing a line with great effort.,I think the compasses are reasonable to be proud because no one else can do the job better.At the same time,however,he should realize the pencil has his own advantages.The pencil can do other shapes better than the compasses,even pictures.,So in my opinion,while we are confident in ourselves,we should recognize strengths in others and show due respect for them.,An open-ended composition,Describe a picture,Interpret its implied meaning,Point out its implications in our life,Give your own comment,一、立意与议论,理解图片（,2/3,篇幅）：理解时要,有升华，有深度，结合现实生活,围绕话题进行议论。,1.,两个物象的立意与议论,图中出现两个主要物象时，描图和议论时注意两者之间的对比关系。这是最近几年高考的热点。,2006,年城市雕塑长衫的老者和时髦的少女；,2007,年大鸟和小鸟；,2008,年的铅笔和圆规。,例,1,：,2008,北京卷 开放作文,请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。,词数不少于,50,。,In an English speech competition,you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to the judges how you understand it.,可接受的观点,思路,1,：,圆规,骄傲，而,铅笔,努力、执著。宣扬一种奋斗精神。,思路,2,：,圆规,原地徘徊，而,铅笔,永往直前。鼓励人们为实现人生目标而前进。,思路,3,：,圆规可以画出精彩的圆，,铅笔,可以画出笔直的线。选择适当的工具完成不同的目标。,思路,4,：,圆规,可以画出精彩的圆，,铅笔,可以画出笔直的线。不同的事物有自己的优势和劣势。号召人们发挥优势，完成目标。,2.,单个物象的议论,图中出现一个物象时，描图和议论时注意抓住漫画所表达的引申含义。,例,1,：北京西城区,2008,年高三英语抽样检查试题,请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于,50,。,In your English class,，,you are asked to describe this picture of a wooden barrel and explain to your classmates how you understand it,审图：,1.,一个由不同长度木板构成的木桶，水从最短板处流出。,2.,结论：人要全面发展，个别缺点会影响人的成功。,团队要共同发展，个别人落后会影响整体的进步。,文体：议论文,时态：一般现在时,人称：第一人称,Possible ideas,1.What you see at the first glance may limit your thinking.,2.We must look deeper so as not to be cheated by the surface.,3.Everyone can grow old.Treasure your time.,4.,Its more than one way to look at something.,5.,We should have positive attitude towards failure.,(improper),3.,多个物象的议论,图中出现多个物象时，描图和议论时注意抓住漫画所表达的主要矛盾，要有的放矢、中心突出。,例：北京市海淀区,2008,高三年级第二学期期中练习,请根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于,50,。,In your English class,，,you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it,run down,Possible ideas,：,1.sunset-forget the past-value the normal daily life;,2.two girls-one brave(success);one afraid(failure),3.sunset-sad-let it pass-wait for sunrise,4.two girls help each other-friendship help us succeed,5.watch sunrise-get hope/courage-get over the difficulties,图片信息：,两个孩子,孩子面前的弯弯的小路、高山、树木,远方光芒四射、蓬勃而出的太阳,二、描图,用第三人称和一般现在时描述图片内容，描图时做到内容充实、具体、形象、生动。描图时尽量不加入个人观点。,描图是为下文对漫画的理解奠定基础，要根据所要阐明的理解内容有的放矢、中心突出，而并非仅仅将漫画中的所有看到的内容都逐一罗列出来。,描图篇幅一般不超过,1/3,。,From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hard-working pencil.The compasses are big,drawing a circle with ease,while the pencil is small,drawing a line with great effort.,In the picture,we can see it is raining hard.But to our surprise,a gentleman is watering flowers,holding an umbrella in his hand.,In the picture,a boy is trying hard to push forward the hour hand of the clock while an old man is making a great effort to push backward the minute hand of the same clock.Both of them are trying their best,but in the opposite directions.,From the picture I can see a pair of proud compasses and a hard-working pencil.The compasses are big,drawing a circle with ease,while the pencil is small,drawing a line with great effort.,In the picture,we can see it is raining hard.But to our surprise,a gentleman is watering flowers,holding an umbrella in his hand.,In the picture,a boy is trying hard to push forward the hour hand of the clock while an old man is making a great effort to push backward the minute hand of the same clock.Both of them are trying their best,but in the opposite directions.,开放作文的立意,1),两个物象（大树和小草）的对比。大树虽然强壮，但经不住狂风；小草虽然弱小，但是很坚韧。内心的力量强大很重要。,2),尺有所短，寸有所长。每个人都有自己擅长的一面。不要因为自己在某方面比别人强，就因此而看不起别人。他人也有你所不及的地方。取长补短，互相学习才能自我完善。,开放作文的立意,3,）不以外表判断人；,4,）坚持真理，刚直不阿；,5,）学会适应环境，适者生存；,6,）面对不同的形势要学会灵活的改变；,7,）遇到困难要学会改变自我；,8,）攀登越高，风险越大；,开放作文的,dozens of,不当立意,1),主观臆断型：树干是空的；骄傲自大易败；,2,）空穴来风型：乐观积极的态度；风不能乱吹；,3,）无病呻吟型：态度决定一切；坚持就是胜利；,4,）胡言论语型：独生子女问题；常怀怜悯之心；人不能太另类；,5,）文化干扰型：木秀于林，风必吹之；枪打出头 鸟；树大招风；,6,）一叶障目型：环境污染，生态平衡；,图片信息：,1.,狂风,2.,一棵树被狂风吹折；,3.,草只被吹弯，依然挺立；As can be seen in the picture,a tree is broken by the strong wind,while the grass still stays as it is.Weak and small as the grass is,it can stand the strong wind.,注意：,1.,图片概括的意境；,2.,描图的倾向性；,3.,各个环节的衔接过渡；,2006,雕塑,:,现代与传统,第三人称,单数,一般现在时,为主,描述历史变化,表达寓意理解,2007,漫画,:,大鸟与小鸟,第三人称,一般现在时,为主,描述自然现象,表达寓意理解,2008,漫画,:,铅笔与圆规,第三人称,单数,一般现在时,为主,描述文具功能,表达寓意理解,2009,漫画,:,洋人吃面条,第三人称,单数,一般现在时与现在进行时,描述行为方式,表达寓意理解,开放作文试题：,开放作文试题的要求：,1,）文章扣题：,描述是为理解奠定基础，应根据所要阐明的理解,内容有的放矢，突出主题；切忌将漫画中所有看,到的内容逐一罗列出来。,2,）思维活跃：,试题提供了广阔的发散思维空间，有利于考生从,不同的、全新的角度看待分析一个事物或现象。,3,）内容健康充实：,内容要点可用不同方式表达，但要以乐观向上，,积极的态度进行表达。,开放作文试题的要求：,4,）逻辑清楚：,完整呈现推理过程，对漫画的描述与个人理,解的表达相互呼应，构成一个有机的整体。,5,）语言规范，交际得体：,用词准确，表述清晰，有条理，语言流畅。,学生的表达语境（英语口语竞赛、英语课堂,发言等），尽可能口语化。,