高三英语高考二轮复习语法系统讲解课件-冠词全国通用 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考二轮复习,语法系统讲解,一、冠词,重温语法聚焦高考,高考冠词考什么？,一、考查不定冠词和零冠词的区别,-Is it _ English dictionary?,-Yes,and it is _ useful one.,A.a,a B.a,an C.an,a D.an,an,二、考查不定冠词和定冠词的区别,1.Theres _ dictionary on _ desk near the window.,A.a,the B.a,a C.the,a D.the,the,2._ earth we live on is bigger than _ moon.,A.The,a B.The,the C.An,a D.An,the,C,A,B,三、考查“零冠词”的用法,1.It takes us nearly _ hour to go to,Korla,by _ air.,A.an,a B.a,an C.an,/D.a,the,2.My uncle isnt _ old man,and he likes playing _ football.,A.a,a B.an,an C.the,the D.an,/,四、综合考查,_ car in front of our school gate is _.,A.The,the Turners B.A,the Turners,C./,the Turners D.The,the Turners,C,D,A,重点归纳：,1,、冠词是虚词，本身不能单 独使用，也没有词义，,它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。,2,、冠词分为不定冠词,a(an,),和定冠词,the,两种。,下面我们分别来进行讲解不定冠词，定冠词，,和零冠词的用法,一、不定冠词的用法,例1 Jacks father is _ doctor.,A.a,B.an C.some D./,分析,a,和,an,均用于单数可数名词之前，表示一类人或事物中的“任何,”,一个，相当于汉语中的“一”，但不用于强调数目的概念。,A,例,2 There is _“f”and _,“u”in the word“four”.,A.an,a B.a,a,C.an,an D.a,an,分析,在名词前使用,a,或,an,要取决于该名词的读音。如果首字母的读音是元音因素，应用,an,；,如果首字母的读音是辅音音素，应用,a,。,A,归纳,：,1.a,e,i,o,u,五个元音字母处于词首时，未必都是元音音素，,u,发音是,ju,:,或,ju,时前面用冠词,a,，,u,读,时前面用冠词,an,。,2.26,个字母中以开头为元音音素发音的字母有：,f,ef,h,eit,l el,n en,r a,；,s,es,xeks,。,There is an“R”in the word.,This is a European country.,European,词首字母不发音，,j,是辅音音素。,This is a one-eyed dog.,one,w,是辅音音素。,例,Tom is _ honest boy.We all like him.,A.a B.an C.the D./,分析,honest,中,h,不发音，读音以元音音素,放于前面，表示“一个”时应加,an,。,B,例,-Why not take _ friend with you?,-Thats _ good idea.,A.a,a B.the,the,C.a,the D.the,a,分析,使用不定冠词指某人或某物，但不具体说明是 何人或何物。,A,例5 Take the medicine,three times _ day.,A.a B.the C.an D./,分析,使用不定冠词表示单位，,fifty miles an hour,意为“每小时,50,公里”，,twice a week,意为“每周两次”。,A,例6 English is _,language.It is _,important tool.,A.a,a B.a,an,C.the,an D.a,/,分析,a language,意为“一种语言”。,language,是可数名词。,B,例,_ steel worker,makes steel.,A./B.A C.This D.That,分析,a(an),放于单数的可数名词前表示“一类”。该句中,a steel worker,是指钢铁工人们。表示一类人有三种式：,The bike is slower than the car.,A bike is slower than a car.,Bikes are slower than cars.,B,例,Tom has _ high,fever and his mother is,looking after him.,A.a B.the C.an D./,分析,表示生什么病前应用,a,have a headache,have a cold,。,A,例,Mary takes _ walk,after supper every day.,A.the B.a C./D.one,分析,give,take,have,与一些动词名词化的词连用，表示一次动作，名词前要加,a,。,have a talk(bath,look),make a living(promise),take a swim(walk,rest),give a talk(whistle,smile),B,例10 The old woman had,_ fire in her room.,A.the B./C.a D.this,分析,抽象名词和物质名词的具体化时，该名词前要加,a,。,It is a great joy to study at this college.,This kind of wood can make into a good paper.,He made a living by selling,newspaper.,C,不定冠词的用法,1,、表示一类人或事物中的“任何”,一个，相当于汉语中“一”，,但不用于强调数目的概念。,2,、指某人或某物，但不具体说明,是 何人或何物。,3,、表示单位,4,、表示“一类”,例,There is _bridge over the river._ bridge is made of stone.,A.a,A B.a,The,C.the,The D.the,A,分析,文章中第一次出现的可数名词前用,a(an),。,下次再出现此名词则用,the,。,I have a little bird.The bird is,yellow.,B,二、定冠词的用法,例,_ old workers under that tree are from Shanghai.,A.The B.An C.This D.That,分析,名词后有表示范围、地点的介词短语限定时，名词前应加,the来表示特指。,The boys here are interested in sports.,A,例3 _ first one sat,down and the second,stood up.,A.The B.A C.One D.An,分析,序数词前表示顺序时前加,the,。,Mary is the third to come in.,A,例,Winter is _,coldest season of the,year.,A.a B.the C./D.so,分析,形容词最高级前及,Only,修饰的名词前均要加,the,。,Mary is the only girl who is often late for class.,B,例,_ moon moves,around _ earth,and,they both are smaller than,_ sun.,A.The,the,the B.A,an,a C.The,an,the D.The,the,a,分析,定冠词用于表示世界上,独一无二的物体名词前。,A,例,We live in _,south of China.,A.the B./C.a D.some,分析,表示东、南、西、北方的名词前要加,the,。,The sun rises in the east.,A,例,_ browns are,watching TV at home at,the moment.,A./B.The C.Mr.D.A,分析,the,放于姓氏的复数形式前时，表示一家人或一姓的夫妇二人。,B,例,He will go to see you,off at _ Railway,Station.,A.a B.an C.the D./,分析,the,普通名词构成专有名词。,the United States,the United Nations,the Peoples Republic of China,C,例,I was playing _,piano at eight yesterday morning.,A.a B./C.the D.this,分析,play,乐器表示弹奏时，该乐器名词前加,the,。,Alice likes to play the violin while Kate likes to play the flute.,表示数量时可用,a,。,This is a new piano against the wall.,C,例10 Our teacher gets up,early in _ morning.A.the B./C.a D.an,分析,牢记一些含,the,的习惯用语，在句中用作时间状语。,in the afternoon(evening),in the daytime,at the beginning,in the end,A,例11 There is a large ship in,_ middle of the river.,A.a B./C.the D.any,分析,牢记一些含,the,的习惯用语，在句中用作地点状语。,on,the right(left),in,the front of,in,the middle of the meeting,at,the foot of the hill,C,例12 Last night we,went to _ cinema.,A.the B.a C./D.those,分析,牢记一些固定搭配：,go to the concert(theatre)A,例13 _ young should care for and help _ old.,A.The,a B.The,the,C.A,the D.An,an,分析,the,形容词（形容词名词化）表示一类人或事物。,the poor/the rich/the sick/the beautiful,B,例,14 The small town lies on _,Yangtzi,River.,A.a B.an C./D.the,分析,定冠词,the,用在江河、海洋、山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面,the Dead Sea/the Black Sea,the North China Plain,华北平原,D,二、不用冠词的场合,例1Paper is made of,_ bamboo.,A.a B.the C./D.that,分析,物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词。,Wood can be made into chairs and tables.,Iron is a kind of metal.,C,例,_ January is the first month of the year.,A.The B.A C./D.That,分析,表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加,the,。,Spring is coming.,He was born in December.,如果表示有某年限定的季节和月份时季节和月份前要加,the,。,He was born in the Summer of 1964.,C,例,We have no classes,_ Sundays.,A.the B.these C.D.those,分析,表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词。,C,例,I studies _ English in,_ England.,A./,/B.an,the,C.an,an D./,the,分析,学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词。,learn Chinese(,maths,physics,chemistry),China is in Asia.,in Germany(Japan),in Africa(Europe),A,例,They often take a,walk in _ Hyde Park.,A.the B.a C./D.this,分析,在一些专有名词（地名、节假日）之前不加冠词。,Christmas Day New years Eve,National Day Childrens Day,Teachers Day Wall Street,C,例,The thief was thrown,into _ prison.,A.the B.a C.this D./,分析,表示某一概念，而不是某具体工作的,部门时，名词前不加冠词。,背会下列词组：,go to work(college,school,hospital,church),be,in hospital(school,bed,prison),go to school/go to the school,上这所学校,go to bed/be on the bed,东西摆在床上,go to class(be in class)/be in the class,在教室里,D,例,He doesnt have,_ breakfast at home.,A.a B.the C.this D./,分析,表示三餐的名词前不加冠词，如果前面有形容词修饰该词，表示“一顿,的饭”，可加,a,。,have a big supper(nice lunch),D,例,We go to work by _ bus.,A./B.a C.the D.one,分析,表示交通工具的手段时，用,by,名词表示，该名词前不用冠词。,by bike(taxi,car,train,plane,spaceship),或,by sea(water,air,land),如果用介词,in,或,on,，,名词前,要加冠词或物主代词。,A,例,_ running is good.,A.The B.A C./D.An,分析,动名词前一般不用冠词。,Walking on the moon is difficult.,Seeing is believing.,C,例10 These boys play _ football after class.,A.a B.the C.that D./,分析,球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。,D,例11 The students of _,Grade One are having a meeting.,A.these B./C.a D.an,分析,名词数词表示顺序时，前面不加冠词,the,；,序数词名词表示顺序数，序数词前加冠词,the,。,turn to page3/the third page,Lesson One/the first lesson,gate Five/the fifth Gate,B,例12 There is no _ book on the desk.,A.the B.a C.an D./,分析,名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或,Any,和,no,时，均不再用冠词。,No books,not a book,not any,books,D,例13 He often works late at _ night.,A./B.the C.a D.all,分析,表示时间或地点的一些介词名词的词组和一些固定词组中，均不加冠词。,at home,in town,at noon,at,daybreak,in trouble,in danger,in fact,等。,A,例14 What does this word mean,_?,A.my father B.Father,C.father D.a father,分析,家庭成员的称呼、称呼语或只一人担任的职务名词前不用冠词。,He is secretary of our lab.,Mother is cooking while father is reading newspaper.,father,和,mother,大写时前不加物主代词，小写时前要加物主代词，如：,my father,his mother,。,B,定冠不定冠 意思差千万,有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其意义有所不同。,如：,1)at table,在吃饭；,at,the,table,在桌子旁,2)in class,在上课；,in,the,class,在班级中,注意一些特殊的情况：,3)go to school,去上学,;,go to,the,school,到那所学校去,4)go to bed,上床睡觉,;,go to,the,bed,到床那边去,5)in front of,在,的前面,;,in,the,front of,在,的前部,.,不定冠词的用法,1,、表示一类人或事物中的“任何”,一个，相当于汉语中“一”，,但不用于强调数目的概念。,2,、指某人或某物，但不具体说明,是 何人或何物。,3,、表示单位,4,、表示“一类”,定冠词的用法1,、文章中第一次出现的可数名词前,用,a(an,),。下次再出现此名词,2,、名词后有表示范围、地点的介词,短语限定时,3,、序数词前表示顺序时,4,、形容词最高级前及,Only,修饰的名词前,5,、定冠词用于表示世界上独,一无二的物体名词前,6,、表示东、南、西、北方的名词前,7,、姓氏的复数形式前时，,表示一家人或一姓的夫妇二人,8,、,the,普通名词构成专有名词。,9,、,play,乐器表示弹奏时，,该乐器名词前加,the,。,10,、,the,形容词（形容词名词化）,表示一类人或事物,11,、定冠词,the,用在江河、海洋、,山脉、湖泊、群岛名称的前面,不用冠词的场合,1,、物质名词和抽象名词前一般不加冠词,2,、表示节日、月份的名词前一般不加,the,3,、表示一周中七日的名称前一般不加冠词。,4,、学科前和国名、洲名前一般不加冠词。,5,、在一些专有名词（地名、节假日）,之前不加冠词,6,、表示某一概念，而不是某具体工作的,部门时，名词前不加冠词。,7,、表示三餐的名词前不加冠词,8,、表示交通工具的手段时，用,by,名词表示，,该名词前不用冠词。,9,、动名词前一般不用冠词。,10,、球类、棋类、游戏名称前不加冠词。,11,、名词数词表示顺序时，前面不加冠词,the,12,、名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、,名词所有格或,Any,和,no,时，均不再用冠词13,、表示时间或地点的一些介词名词的词组,和一些固定词组中，均不加冠词,14,、家庭成员的称呼、称呼语或只一人担任,的职务名词前不用冠词,精选习题,1.This is,song Ive told you about.,Isnt it,beautiful one?,A,the/theB,a/a,C,the/aD,a/the,2._Yellow River is _,second longest river in China.,A./,the B.The,the,C./.A D.The,a,C,B,3.-How far is it from our school,to_ seaside?,-It is _eight-,kilometre,walk from here.,A.the;an B./;an C.the;a D./;a,4,_China is_old country,with _ long history.,A,The,，,an,，,a B,，,an,，,a,C,，,an,，,the D,，,the,，,a,A,B,*,5.They had _ wonderful train ride to Chengdu before they went on to _ Mount,Emei,by bus.,A.a;the B./;the,C.a;/D.the;a,属于,5,、在一些专有名词（地名、节假日）,之前不加冠词,C,同学们如果有疑问也可以和我沟通交流,联系方式：,QQ343836231,E-mail:wenbinwell530,