高三英语高考形容词、副词 一轮基础专题篇课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,1.,（,2009,湖北，,28,）,The questionnaire takes,ten to fifteen minutes to complete and,can be used along with the assessment,interview.,A.Mainly,B.punctually,C.approximately,D.precisely,解析,mainly,主要地；,punctually,准时地；,approximately,大约；,precisely,精确地；确切地。,由句中的,ten to fifteen minutes,可知，此处是,“大约”估计的时间而不是确切的时间。,C,四、形容词、副词,2.,（,2009,湖南，,24,）,I can,be a,teacher.Im,not a very patient person.,A.seldom,B.ever,C.never,D.always,解析,根据后置语境,Im not a very patient,person.,可知，前句句意应为：我永远不会成为,一名老师。表示全部否定含义用,never,。,C,3.,（,2009,江苏，,27,）,Compared with his,sister,Jerry,is even more,to,and,more,easily troubled by emotional and relationship,problems.,A.sceptical,B.addicted,C.available,D.sensitive,解析,sceptical,怀疑的；,addicted,上瘾的；,available,可用的；,sensitive,敏感的。根据词义,本题应该选,D,项。句意为：与他的姐姐相比，,Jerry,在情绪和关系问题上更敏感，更容易受到,困扰。,D,4.,（,2008,湖北，,29,）,As he works in a remote,area,he visits his parents only,.,A.occasionally,B.anxiously,C.practically,D.urgently,解析,occasionally adv.,偶尔地；,anxiously,adv,.,焦急地；,practically adv.,实用地，实际,地；,urgently adv.,紧急地。句意：因为他在,一个边远的地区工作，所以他只能偶尔地回去看,望他的父母。,A,5.,（,2009,江西，,32,）,Frank put the medicine in a,top drawer to make sure it would not be,to the kids.,A.accessible,B.relative,C.acceptable,D.sensitive,解析,句意为：弗兰克把药放到最上面的抽屉,里，确保它不被孩子们够到。,accessible,意为,“易接近的”；,relative,意为“相对的，比较的”；,acceptable,意为“合意的，受欢迎的，可接受,的”；,sensitive,意为“敏感的”。根据句意应该,选,A,。,A,6.,（,2009,辽宁，,25,）,Usually John would be late,for,meetings.But,this time,to my,surprise,he,arrived on time.,A.little,B.much,C.ever,D.even,解析,句意为：约翰开会通常会迟到，但这一,次，令我非常吃惊的是，他按时到会了。修饰,“,toones,+,情感名词”用副词,much,。,B,7.,（,2008,福建，,26,）,In spite of repeated wrongs,done to,him,he,looks,to people greeting,him.,A.friendly,B.lively,C.worried,D.cold,解析,in spite of,是解题的关键词，“尽管反,复被冤枉，他看起来还是,”,，由此排除,C,、,D,两项；,friendly,友好的lively,活泼的，表示他,自己的情况，并不涉及“,people greeting him”,。,A,8.,（,2009,安徽，,24,）,Do you think its a good,idea to make friends with your students?,I,do.I,think its a great idea.,A.Really,B.Obviously,C.Actually,D.Generally,解析,句意为：,你认为和你的学生交朋友是,个好主意吗？,我认为是个好主意。由下句肯,定回答可知赞同对方的观点，故用,actually,。,C,9.,（,2009,天津，,12It was a nice,house,but,too small for a family of five.,A.rarely,B.fairly,C.rather,D.pretty,解析,rarely,很少；,fairly,相当；,rather,相当；,pretty,很；相当。,rather,可以与比较级、,too,及动,词连用，而,fairly,与,pretty,则不能。句意,为：,，但对于一个五口之家来说太小了。,C,10.,（,2009,天津，,13,）,Im not surprised that he,became a,writer.Even,as a child he had a,imagination.,A.clear,B.cautious,C.funny,D.vivid,解析,clear,清晰的；,cautious,小心谨慎的；,funny,滑稽的；,vivid,丰富的；生动的。,have a,vivid imagination,有丰富的想象力。,D,11.,（,2009,浙江，,15,）,John is very,if he,promises to do something hell do it.,A.independent,B.confident,C.reliable,D.flexible,解析,句意为：约翰非常可靠，他答应的事情,就一定会做到。,independent,独立的；,confident,有信心的；,reliable,可靠的；,flexible,灵活的。,C,12.,（,2009,浙江，,19,）,In the good care of the,nurses,the,boy is,recovering from,his heart operation.,A.quietly,B.actually,C.practically,D.gradually,解析,句意为：心脏手术后在护士们的精心护理,下，这个男孩渐渐地痊愈了。,quietly,静静地；,actually,实际上；,practically,实际地；,gradually,逐渐地。,D,13.,（,2008,山东，,33,）,Would it be,for you,to pick me up at four oclock and take me to,the airport?,A.free,B.vacant,C.handy,D.convenient,解析,句意为：,4,点钟你来接我再送我去机场方,便吗？,free,自由的；,vacant,未被占用的；,handy,手边的，附近的；,convenient,便利的，方便的。,D,14.,（,2009,福建，,30,）,It seems that living green,is,easy and,affordable.A,small step,makes a big difference.,A.exactly,B.fortunately,C.surprisingly,D.hardly,解析,句意为：看来绿色生活是出人意料的容,易和可以负担得起费用的，很小的一个步骤会,带来很大的差异。由下句“,A small step makes,a big difference.”,可知此处选择,surprisingly,出人意料地；,exactly,确切地；,fortunately,幸运地。,C,15.,（,2009,全国,，,23,）,How much,she,looked without her glasses!,A.wellB.good,C.best,D.better,解析,句意为：她不戴眼镜看起来好看多了！,much,修饰比较级，故只有,better,正确。,D,形容词、副词比较级、最高级的常用句型及用法,1.,在表示比较的句型中，要注意,than,as,前后的比,较对象的一致性。,The director gave me a better offer than,.,A.that,of Dicks,B.Dicks,C.that,he gave Dick,D.those,of Dick,解析,A,、,B,、,D,都是,Dick,的条件或,Dick,提供的条件，,只有,C“,他提供给,Dick,的条件”才能与前面的“他提供,给我的条件”进行比较。,C,2.“the+,比较级”特指两人或两个事物中较为突出的一个。,If the manager had to choose between the,two,he,would say John was the better choice.,如果经理必须在两个中选一个的话，那么他认为约翰好一些。,3.,除了,“,the+最高级”外，最高级还有其它表达方式。如：否定词never与比较级连用、比较级+than,any,other+名词单数、比较级+than,any of the,other+名词复数、比较级+than,anyone,else等,。,How beautifully she,sings!I,have never heard a better voice.,她唱得太美了！我从来没听过这么好听的嗓音,。,4.,含有名词的,as.,as,结构需要注意词序的问题：,句型,a as+,adj,.+a/an+,名词单数,+as=a+,名词单数,+as+,adj,.+as,He is as honest a man as you.,(=He is a man as honest as you.),他和你一样诚实。,句型,b as many+,名词复数,+as,as,much+(a,/an)+,名词,+as,It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.,人们普遍认为教学既是一种艺术也是一门科学。,句型,c,倍数,+as+,adj,.+,名词,+as,After the new technique was,introduced,the,factory produced twice as many tractors in 2007 as the year before.,自从引进新技术之后，这家工厂,2007,年生产的拖拉机数量是上一年的两倍。,5.as.,as,(not)so,.as,结构中的形容词、副词只能用原级，不能用比较级。,John plays football as well,as,if,not better,than,David,.,约翰的足球踢得和戴维一样好。,6.senior,（年长的；高级的），,junior,（年幼的；初级的），,superior,（优越的），,inferior,（下等的，低劣的）等词与,to,连用，表示比较级。,He is three years senior to me.,他比我大三岁。,7.,注意下列结构中各个词的排列顺序：,（,1,）,what+a,/an+,形容词,+,可数名词单数,（,2,）,what+,形容词,+,不可数名词,/,名词复数,（,3,）,such+a,/an+,形容词可数名词单数,（,4,）,such+,形容词,+,不可数名词,/,名词复数,（,5,）,no such+,名词（名词前不能加冠词）,（,6,）,so many/so much/so few/so little+,名词（其中的,many,much,few,little,等词都表“多少”之意，,little,还可当“小”解释，这时用,such little+,名词）。,Oh,John,what,a pleasant surprise you gave me!,哦，约翰，你给了我们一个大惊喜！,Can you believe that in such a rich country there should be so many poor people?,你能想像在这样一个富裕的国家里还有那么多的穷人吗？,As I,know,there,is no such car in this neighborhood.,据我所知，这附近没有这样的一辆车。,It was so bad a day that I didnt want to do anything.,今天太糟糕了，我什么也不想做。,同级比较的用法易错点,Our neighbor has,ours.,A.as,a big house as,B.as,big a house as,C.the,same big house as,D.a,house the same big as,本题是对同级比较,as,.,as,.,结构的考查，是同级比较问题中的一个特殊结构：,as,+,adj,.,+,a,/,an,+,可数名词单数,+,as,。,【,解题探究,】B,。英语中常用的相关结构有：,（,1,）,so+,adj,.+a/an+,可数名词单数。,so good a book,如此好的一本书（相当于,such a,good book,）,（,2,）,too+,adj,.+a/an+,可数名词单数。,too fine a day,特别好的一天,（,3,）,how+,adj,.+a/an+,可数名词单数,+it is,。,How fine a day it is!,多么好的天气！（相当于,What a fine day it is!,）,形容词和副词的比较等级易错点,Did you enjoy yourself at the party?,Yes,Ive,never been to,one before.,A.a more excited,B.the,most excited,C.a,more exciting,D.the,most exciting,考生易误选,A,项或,D,项，其实本题是对形容词比较级及动词,-,ing,型、动词,-,ed,型形容词的考查。动词,-,ed,型形容词表示被动的含义，多用于说明人的感受，意为“（人）感到,”,；动词,-,ing,型形容词表示主动的含义，多用于说明事物的性质，意为“令人,”,。由于题中的,one,指代,party,，为表示事物的词语，故选项,A,和,B,首先被排除；分析句意“我还从没有去过比这更让人兴奋的聚会”可知，横线处应为一个比较级结构，故选项,C,为本题的正确答案。,【,解题探究,】C,。在英语中，表达最高级含义时，除,了可以直接使用最高级外，还可以使用“否定词,+,比,较级”结构。若该比较级后修饰一个可数名词单,数，它前面通常要用不定冠词,a,或,an,。,Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91,seconds,and,I,have not seen better this year.,Bob,在,9.91,秒的时间内跑完了,100,米，今年我没有,见到比这更好的成绩。,more,than,not,better than,等结构的误用,Do you need any,help,Lucy,?,Yes.The,job is,I could do myself.,A.less,than,B.more,than,C.no,more than,D.not,more than,在英语中，,less than,意为“少于”，,more than,意为“超过”，,no more than,意为“仅仅”，,not more than,意为“不超过由“你需要帮助吗，,Lucy,？”及“是的。这份工作超出了我的个人能力。”可知，选项,B,为本题的正确答案。,【,解题探究,】B,。在英语中，,more,than,not,more,than,等是常用、常考的结构，考生应予以重视。,（,1,）,less than.,意为“少于,”,。,It had cost Tom less than five dollars.,汤姆花了不到五美元买了这件东西。,（,2,）,not less than.,意为“不少于,，至 少,”,，表示客观陈述。,He is not less than 80 years old.,他至少,80,岁。,（,3,）,no less than.,意为“多达,，竟有,之多”，表示数量很多。,No less than a thousand people came.,来的人竟有一千人之多。,（,4,）,no less.than.,意为“正像,那样,，同,一样,”,，含有强调的意味。,English is no less important than maths.,英语同数学一样重要。,（,5,）,not less.than.,意为“不亚于,”,，表示客,观陈述。,English is not less important than maths.,英语的重要性不亚于数学。,（,6,）,more than.,意为“超过，不仅仅，非常”等。,There are more than fifty students in the class.,这个班有,50,多个学生。（,more than,这时多与数词连用）,Peace is much more than the absence of war.,和平不仅仅是意味着没有战争。（,more than,这时多与名词连用）,She is more than selfish.,她非常自私。（,more than,这时多与形容词连用）,（,7,）,more A than B,意为“与其说是,B,，不如说是,A”,，其中的,A,和,B,为相同的结构。,It is more a poem than a picture.,与其说这是一幅画，不如说是一首诗。,（,8,）,not more than.,意为“不超过,，不多于,”,，表示客观陈述。,I have not more than ten books in my bag.,我的书包里的书不多于,10,本。,（,9,）,no more than.,意为“仅仅,，正好,”,，强调数量少。,I have no more than ten books in my bag.,我的书包里的书仅仅有,10,本。,（,10,）,not more.than.,意为“不比,更,”,，表示客观描述。,Tom isnt more clever than Jim.,汤姆不比吉姆更聪明。,（,11,）,no more.than.,意为“和,一样都不,”,，含有强调的意味。,Tom is no more clever than Jim.,汤姆和吉姆一样都不聪明。（,=Tom is not clever any more than Jim.,）,（,12,）“,more than+,主语,+can/could+do+.”,结构意为“（主语）不能够,”,。本例题便是对该种结构的考查。,The beauty of Hangzhou is more than words can describe.,杭州的美景是语言所不能描述的。,形容词和副词的一些固定用法的误用,Must I turn off the gas after cooking?,Of course.You can never be,careful with,that.,A.EnoughB.too,C.soD.very,本题是对英语中固定句型“,cannot,/,can never be too,.”,的考查，意为“越,越好”或“再,也不过分”。,【,解题探究,】B,。,too.to.,结构是中学阶段一个很常用的结构，意为“太,而不能,”,，是一个否定的结构。但在下面的情况下却表示肯定的含义：（,1,）当在该结构中的,too,或,to,前加上否定词,not,或,never,等时，该结构即为表示肯定含义的结构。,cannot/can never.too.to.,为常见的用法，它可以与,cannot/can never.enough to.,结构进行转化。,When crossing the street,you can never be too careful/careful enough.,你过马路时，越小心越好。,（,2,）当,too.to.,结构中的副词,too,后接,apt,ready,anxious,eager,glad,willing,等形容词时，该结构表达的即为肯定的含义。,She is too willing to marry him.,她很愿意嫁给他。（,3,）当,too.to.,结构中的副词,too,前面有,all,but,only,quite,等修饰时，该结构表达的也为肯定的含义。,I am only too pleased to help you.,我很高兴帮助您。,多个形容词作定语时的排序问题,This,girl is Lindas cousin.,A.pretty little Spanish,B.Spanish little pretty,C.Spanish pretty little,D.little pretty Spanish,考生易错选,D,项。原因是对此类题的排序把握不清。本题是对多个形容词作定语时排序问题的考查。pretty,为主观描绘性的形容词，,little,为表示大小的形容词，,Spanish,为表示国籍的形容词，根据英语语法知识可知，选项,A,为本题的正确答案。,【,解题探究,】A,。在高考英语中，多个形容词作名词 的定语时的排序问题是常考问题。形容词的排序规则如下：,主观描绘性质、特征的形容词（如,pretty,）描写尺寸大小的形容词（如,little,）描写形状的形容词（如,round,）描写年龄的形容词（如,young,）描写颜色的形容词（如,green,）描写国籍、地区、出处的形容词（如,Spanish,）描写制造材料的形容词（如,wooden,）描写用途的名词、动名词或形容词（如,a waiting room,中的,waiting,）。有口诀如下：,限定描写大小高，,形状年龄和新老。,颜色国籍出材料，,作用类别往后靠。,多个形容词作定语时，形容词之间通常不用加,and,；但是，当这些形容词为表示同一方面的形容词（如颜色等）时，这些形容词之间通常要加,and,，例如：,a black and white cat,（一只黑白相间的猫）。,单项填空逻辑型,任何语言表达都是有语境和逻辑关系的，只要弄清选项与题干内容之间的逻辑关系，就能选出正确答案，因此可以根据上下文的信息进行相关推理，分析它们之间的逻辑关系。,语篇逻辑关系,单项填空题中语篇逻辑关系信息主要指承接语意的关联词，常见的关联词通常用来表达因果、顺承、转折、递进、让步、比较、归纳等关系。这些题目选项往往非常类似，迷惑性很强，考生必须理清前后的逻辑关系才能找出正确答案。,Can all the donation be delivered to the,earthquake-stricken area?,Hard to say.Even if only 1%can reach them,I,am still glad to do it,as the saying,goes,“,”.,A.The more,the better,B.Easier said than done,C.Better late than never,D.Better than nothing,答案,D,解析,考查语篇逻辑。答语的句意为：很难说。但即使只有百分之一的捐献能到达灾民手中，我仍会很高兴地捐助。正如谚语所说,有总比没有好。根据句意可知，此处应用“,Better than nothing.”,。,The more,the better.,越多越好；,Easier said than done.,说时容易做时难；,Better late than never.,迟做总比不做好。,常见语篇逻辑关系的关联词语,（,1,）表示程度递进：,besides,whats more,whats worse,in addition,furthermore,moreover,especially,in particular,even,to make matters worse;,（,2,）表示解释说明：,for example,for instance,such as,in this case,in fact,actually,namely,take.for example;,（,3,）表示因果关系：,because,because of,since,now that,as,thanks to,due to,therefore,as a result,（,of,）,for this reason;,（,4,）表示转折关系：,but,however,while,though,or,otherwise,on the contrary,on the other hand,despite,in spite of,even though,except,（,for,）,instead,unfortunately;,（,5,）表示条件关系：,as,（,so,）,long as,on condition that,if,unless,suppose,in case;,（,6,）表示让步关系：,though,although,as,even if,even though,however,whoever,whatever,whichever,wherever,whenever,no matter how,（,who,what,which,where,when,whom,）,;,（,7,）表示比较关系：,be similar to,similarly,the same as,compared with(to),just like,just as,be equal to,be superior to,be inferior to;,（,8,）表示强调：,indeed,in fact,surely,certainly,no doubt,without any doubt,truly,obviously;,（,9,）表示概括归纳：,in a word,in short,on the whole,generally speaking,in summary,in conclusion,。,非谓语动词与被修饰成分间的关系,在解答非谓语动词类的题时，辨清其与逻辑主语之间的关系是答题的关键。,of stealing money from the bank,he was questioned by the police.,A.AccusingB.Accused,C.Having accusedD.To accuse,解析,此题考查非谓语动词的用法。,accuse,与,he,在逻辑上是动宾关系，故应用其过去分词的形式表被动。,accuse sb.of doing sth.,意为“控告某人干某事”。,B,解答这样的题应注意：,（,1,）动词,-ing,形式在句中作状语时，和句中的主语在逻辑上是主谓关系；作定语时，和被修饰的词在逻辑上是主谓关系；作宾补时，与宾语在逻辑上是主谓关系。（,2,）过去分词作状语时，与句中的主语在逻辑上是动宾关系；作定语时，和被修,饰的词,在逻辑上是动宾关系；作宾补时，与宾语在逻辑上是动宾关系。（,3,）不定式的主动式作状语时，不定式与句中的主语在逻辑上是主谓关系；如果不定式和主语在逻辑上是动宾关系，用不定式的被动式。,答案,B,1.(2009,金丽衢十二校二次联考,),What do you think of the blind man?,Ive never seen a man with,sense of,touch.,A.the betterB.a better,C.a goodD.the best,解析,此处的比较级表示最高级，答语意为：我,从来没见过触觉比这个盲人更好的人。,B,2.(2009,金丽衢十二校二次联考,)These people,were mentioned at the meeting,，,Tom,Helen and Brown.,A.speciallyB.especially,C.simplyD.namely,解析,考查副词。句意为：这些人在会议上被提,到了，即Tom,，,Helen,和,Brown,。,namely,是副词，意,为“即，也就是”。,D,3.(2009,金丽衢十二校二次联考,),Will you be,this afternoon,John?,It depends.Im afraid Ill be called by my,manager.,A.availableB.suitable,C.convenientD.accurate,解析,考查形容词。,available,可用到的，可利用,的，有空的；,suitable,适当的；相配的；,convenient,便利的，方便的；,accurate,正确的，,精确的。这里的意思是“你今天下午有空吗？”,A,4.(2009,温州市二次适应性测试,)Do you have,any seats,on the flight for Mexico,leaving at 316 pm?,A.availableB.accessible,C.acceptableD.adaptable,解析,该题考查形容词。,available,可用的，有效,的,;accessible,可得到的，可进入的；,acceptable,合意的，可接受的；,adaptable,能适应的；可改编,的。根据语境可知,A,项正确。,A,5.(2009,杭州二次质检,)The rainy season is,coming and lets make full use of the,days to dry whatever is needed.,A.few last sunnyB.last few sunny,C.last sunny fewD.sunny last few,解析,该题考查词序。依据“县（限定词）官（观,或评价性形容词）行（形状大小）令（年龄及,新旧）杀（颜色）国（国家或出处）材（材料）”,这一口诀可知此处应选,B,。,B,6.(2009,杭州二次质检,)Experts warn that,global warming will cause dramatic climate,changes including more,floods,heat,waves and droughts.,A.usualB.ordinary,C.frequentD.common,解析,该题考查形容词。,usual,经常的；,ordinary,普通的；,frequent,频繁的；,common,平常的，共同,的。由语境“全球变暖会导致气候的巨大变化，包,括频繁的洪涝,”,可知，只有,C,项符合语境。,C,7.(2009,杭州二次质检,)When it was his turn,to deliver his speech,he walked,towards the microphone.,A.nervously and embarrassingly,B.nervous and embarrassedly,C.nervously and embarrassing,D.nervous and embarrassed,解析,该题考查形容词作状语。形容词一般作定,语，但也可作状语。如：,He lay in bed,awake.,再,如：,Her husband came back,drunk.,。,D,8.(2009,安徽名校联考,(,二,)The question is far,from being settled.We shall,，,，,return to,this at our next meeting,as there is much to be,discussed today.,A.thereforeB.however,C.otherwiseD.besides,解析,考查副词辨析。句意为：这个问题远没有,被解决，今天有许多问题要讨论，因此我们下次开,会再讨论它。,A,9.(2009,皖南八校三次联考,),So big a whale!It weighs 10 tons.,Yes.I have never seen,one.,A.a heavyB.the heaviest,C.a heavierD.heaviest,解析,否定词,+,比较级相当于最高级。句意为：我,从未见过一只更大的鲸（这是我见过的最大的）。,C,10.(2009,皖南八校三次联考,)Every member,tries their best to finish the important work,they arent permitted to go home on,time.,A.thereforeB.meanwhile,C.otherwiseD.somehow,解析,therefore,因此；,meanwhile,同时；,otherwise,否则，不然,;somehow,用某种方法。这,里用,C,，语意为“否则他们就不能准时回家”。,C,11.(2009,合肥市三次质检,)No technology hasever developed,as that in IT in the,21st century.,A.too fastB.faster,C.so fastD.fastest,解析,表示“前者不如后者”用句型“,not as/so+,adj,.”,或“,adv,.,原级,+as+,比较对象”。,C,12.(2009,南京二次调研,),Why dont you do some shopping in the,second-hand store?,Well,the goods there are,but,.,A.more expensive;worse,B.more expensive;not as bad,C.cheaper;good enough,D.cheaper;not as good,答案,D,解析,考查形容词的比较级。解答本题的关键在,于并列连词,but,。根据语境“那儿的货物（价格）,比较便宜，但（质量）不如,”,可知，,D,项正确。,13.(2009,沈阳二次质检,)If you sleep short of,7 hours,you are three times,to catch a,cold.,A.possibleB.certainly,C.probableD.likely,解析,句意为：如果你的睡眠（时间）少于,7,个,小时，你患感冒的可能性会是（原来的）,3,