中英文对照-建筑材料课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Civil Engineering Materials,Words and Phases,Catalogue,Chapter 1,Basic Properties of Materials,Chapter 2 Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials,Chapter 3 Cement,Chapter 4 Ordinary Concrete,Chapter 5 Construction Mortar,Chapter 6 Wall Materials,Chapter 7 Building Steels,Chapter 8 Water Proofing Materials,Chapter 9 Bituminous Mixture,Catalogue,Chapter 1,Basic Properties of Materials,Chapter 2 Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials,Chapter 3 Cement,Chapter 4 Ordinary Concrete,Chapter 5 Construction Mortar,Chapter 6 Wall Materials,Chapter 7 Building Steels,Chapter 8 Water Proofing Materials,Chapter 9 Bituminous Mixture,Words and Phases,m,aterial,材料,d,ensity,密度,a,pparent,density,表观密度,b,ulk,density,堆积密度,s,olidity,密实度,p,orosity,孔隙率,p,ore,孔隙,v,oidage,空隙率,v,oid,空隙,Chapter 1,Words and Phases,s,trength,强度,e,lasticity,弹性,p,lasticity,塑性,b,rittleness,脆性,t,oughness,韧性,d,urability,耐久性,c,ompressive,strength,抗压强度,t,ensile strength,抗拉强度,s,hearing strength,抗剪强度,Chapter 1,Words and Phases,b,ending strength,抗弯强度,d,eformation,变形,b,ending strength,抗弯强度,d,eformation,变形,s,tole,石材,c,ement,水泥,c,oncrete,砼,m,ortar,砂浆,g,lass,玻璃,Chapter 1,Words and Phases,p,ottery陶瓷,s,teel,钢材,w,ood,木材,w,etting,angle,润湿角,h,ydrophilic,property,亲水性,h,ydrophobic,property,憎水性,w,ater,-absorbing quality,吸水性,w,ater,absorption,吸水率,w,ater,percentage,含水率,Chapter 1,Chapter 2,Air Hardening Inorganic Binding Materials,Back,Back,Words and Phases,h,ardening,硬化,s,laking,消化,h,ydration,水化,q,uick,lime,生石灰,s,laked,lime,熟石灰,g,round quick lime,生石灰粉,g,round quick lime,生石灰粉,g,round hydrated lime,熟石灰粉,l,ime,paste,石灰膏,a,sphalt,沥青,Chapter 2,Words and Phases,d,olomite,ground slaked lime,白云石消石灰粉,o,ver,-burnt lime,过火石灰,u,nder,-burnt lime,欠火石灰,c,rystallization,结晶,c,arbonization,碳化,s,oundness,体积安定性,water,retentivity,保水性,s,hrinkage,收缩,Chapter 2,Words and Phases,l,ime,paste,石灰浆,m,ilk of lime,石灰乳,s,ilicate,products,硅酸盐制品,c,arbonated,lime board,碳化石灰板,l,ime,-sand brick,灰砂砖,a,ctive,blended materials,活性混合料,Back,Chapter 3,Cement,Back,Words and Phases,P,ortland cement,:,波特兰水泥,(,硅酸盐水泥,),O,rdinary Portland cement,:,普通硅酸盐水泥,ordinary Portland cement:,普通硅酸盐水泥,furnance,-slag cement:,矿渣硅酸盐水泥,Portland,Pozzlana,cement:,火山灰质硅酸盐水泥,Portland fly-ash cement:,粉煤灰硅酸盐水泥,composite Portland cement:,复合水泥,h,igh-alumina cement,:,高铝水泥,Chapter 3,Words and Phases,magnesium-oxy-chloride cement,:,氯氧镁水泥,general cement,:,通用水泥,special cement,:,专用水泥,c,haracteristic,c,ement,:,特性水泥,aluminous cement,:,铝酸盐水泥,sulfoaluminate,cement,:,硫铝酸盐水泥,Chapter 3,Words and Phases,carbon dioxide,:,二氧化碳（,CO,2,）,calcium oxide,:,氧化钙（,CaO,）,t,ricalcium,silicate,:,硅酸三钙,d,icalcium,silicate,:,硅酸二钙,t,ricalcium,aluminate,:,铝酸三钙,t,etracalcium,aluminoferrite,:,铁铝酸四钙,s,hrinkage,:,收缩,c,alcium,hydroxide:,氢氧化钙,calcium silicate hydrate,:,水化硅酸钙,sulfate,:,硫酸盐,Chapter 3,Words and Phases,masonry,:,砌筑,c,alcium,aluminate,hydrate:,水化铝酸钙,c,alcium,ferrite hydrate:,水化铁酸钙,e,ttringite,:,水化硫铝酸钙（钙矾石）,paste:,浆体,initial period:,初始反应期,induction period:,潜伏期,capillaries:,毛细管,fineness:,细度,Chapter 3,Words and Phases,final setting:,终凝时间,soundness:,体积安定性,poor dimensional stability:,体积安定性不良,disassociated:,游离的,bacillus:,杆状菌,Le,chatelier,soundness test:,雷氏夹法,mortar:,砂浆,compressive strength:,抗压强度,bending strength:,抗折强度,Back,Chapter 4,Ordinary Concrete,Back,Words and Phases,shotcrete,concrete:,喷射混凝土,mass concrete:,大体积混凝土,concrete pumping:,泵送混凝土,plasticity:,塑性,durability:,耐久性,ingredient:,组成材料,aggregate:,骨料,coarse aggregate:,粗骨料,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,impurities:,有害杂质,mica:,云母,silt:,淤泥,organic substance:,有机物,sulphide,:,硫化物,sulphate,:,硫酸盐,chloride:,氯化物,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,unit screening rate:,分计筛余百分率,accumulated screening rate:,累计筛余百分率,grading region:,级配区,grading curve:,级配曲线,fineness modulus:,细度模数,o,ptimized,Sp:,合理砂率,d,eformation,:,变形,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,s,equent,Gradation:,连续级配,d,iscontinuous,Gradation:,间断级配,s,ingle Gradation:,单粒级,igneous rock:火成岩,metamorphic rock:,变质岩,aqueous rock:,水成岩,crushing index:,压碎指标,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,s,oluble,matter:,可溶物,concrete admixture:,混凝土外加剂,rheological,behavior:,流变性,water-reducing admixture:,减水剂,air entraining admixture:,引气剂,pumping aid:,泵送剂,set,retarder,:,缓凝剂,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,hardening accelerating:,早强剂,flash setting admixture:,速凝剂,water-repellent admixture:,防水剂,anti-freezing admixture:,阻锈剂,expanding admixture:,膨胀剂,anti-freezing admixture:,防冻剂,coloring admixture:,着色剂,surfactant:,表面活性剂,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,hydrophilic group:,亲水基团,hydrophobic group:,憎水基团,flocculation structure絮凝结构,Lignin,sulfonate,water-reducing admixture:,木质素减水剂,large,moulding,:,大模板,sliding formwork:,滑模施工,Naphthalene,sulfonate,water-reducing admixture:,萘系减水剂,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,r,esinous,water-reducing admixtures:,树脂系减水剂,c,hloride,hardening accelerator:,氯盐类早强剂,s,ulfate,hardening accelerator:,硫酸盐类早强剂,o,rganic,amine hardening accelerator:,有机胺类早强剂,r,osin,soap:,松香皂,rosin,pyrolytic,polymer:,松香热聚物,molasses:,糖蜜,citric:,柠檬酸,sodium aluminates:,铝酸钠,calcium aluminates:,铝酸钙,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,caulking engineering:,堵漏工程,initial setting time:,初凝时间,final setting time:,终凝时间,impermeability:,抗渗性,m,ineral,admixture:,矿物掺合料,fly ash:,粉煤灰,silica fume:,硅粉,grounded slag:,磨细矿渣,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,sintered clay:,烧粘土,z,eolite,:,沸石粉,volcanic tuff:,火山凝灰岩,equal replacement:,等量取代法,excess replacement:,超量取代法,adscititious,:,外掺法,s,ilica,fume:,硅粉,f,errosilicon,:,硅铁合金,silicon steel.:,硅钢,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,workability:,和易性,f,resh,concrete:,新拌混凝土,m,obility,:,流动性,v,iscidity,:,粘聚性,w,ater,retention:,保水性,workability:,和易性,slump:,坍落度,viscosity:,粘性,segregation,：离析,bleeding,：泌水,s,lump:,坍落度,v,ebe,consistometer,test:,维勃稠度试验,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,dry shrinkage:,干缩,cold contract:,冷缩,volume decrease:,体积减缩,settlement:,沉缩,lastic,shrinkage:,塑性收缩,bleeding path:,泌水通道,one-axis static compression:,单轴静态受压,elastic limit:,比例极限,critic load:,临界荷载,ultimate load:,极限荷载,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,c,ubic,compressive strength:,立方体抗压强度,s,pecimen,:,试件,p,rism,compressive strength:,轴心抗压强度,t,ensile strength:,抗拉强度,b,ending strength:,抗折强度,velocity mixing:,高速搅拌,ultrasonic vibration:,声波搅拌,high frequency vibration:,高频振幅,multi frequency vibration:,多频振幅,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,extra-coefficient of cement:,水泥富余系数,n,atural,cure:,自然养护,s,team cure:,蒸汽养护,a,utoclaved,cure:,蒸压养护,a,ge,:,龄期,h,oop,effect:,环箍效应,a,nti,-permeability:,抗渗性,a,nti,-corrosion:,抗侵蚀性,a,nti,-carbonate:,抗碳化性,Chapter 4,Words and Phases,a,nti,-abrasion:,耐磨损,c,arbonation,:,碳化,m,ix Proportion Design:,配合比设计,d,esign,of preliminary mix:,初步配合比设计,a,scertaining,the basic mix proportion:,基准本配合比的确定,l,aboratory,mix Proportion:,实验室配合比,w,orking,Mix Proportion:,施工配合比,a,bsolute,volume:,绝对体积法,a,ssume,an apparent density:,假定表观密度法,Back,Chapter 5,Construction Mortar,Back,Words and Phases,m,asonry,mortar,砌筑砂浆,s,urface,mortar,抹面砂浆,e,special mortar,特殊砂浆,c,ement,mortar,水泥砂浆,l,ime,mortar,石灰砂浆,m,ix mortar,混合砂浆,r,ubble,masonry,毛石砌体,b,rickwork,砖砌体,Chapter 5,Words and Phases,hilly sand 山砂,furnace slag 炉渣,expansion cement膨胀水泥,component adapter构件接头,structure reinforcement结构加固,crackle mending裂纹修补,smooth flour-milling jointing 光滑磨面勾缝,Chapter 5,Words and Phases,m,obility,（,consistency,）,流动性（稠度）,f,resh,mortar,新拌砂浆,h,ardened,mortar,硬化砂浆,w,orkability,和易性,w,ater,dosage,用水量,sinking degree,沉入量,c,onsistometer,of mortar,砂浆稠度仪,Chapter 5,Words and Phases,l,aminate,分层,l,ayering,degree,分层度,d,ense,substrate(,imhygrophanous,beds),密实基层（不吸水基层，如石材）,p,orous,substrate(,hygrophanous,beds),多孔基层（吸水基层）,e,mpirical,coefficient,经验系数,c,ement,mix mortar,水泥混合砂浆,c,ement,mortar,水泥砂浆,Chapter 5,Words and Phases,a,dhesion,stress,粘结力,s,ubstrate,基底材料,m,ix ratio design of mortar,砂浆配合比设计,s,trength,standard deviation,强度标准差,t,rial,strength,试配强度,Back,Chapter 6,Wall Materials,Words and Phases,w,all material,墙体材料,r,oof,material,屋面材料,w,all bricks,砌墙砖,f,ired,brick,烧结砖,f,ired,clay brick,普通粘土砖,f,ired,porous brick,烧结多孔砖,f,ired,hollow brick,烧结空心砖,a,utoclaved,brick,蒸养（压）砖,w,all blocks,墙用砌块,Chapter 6,Words and Phases,s,mall-size hollow block,小型空心砌块,f,ly,ash and silicate medium-size block,粉煤灰硅酸盐中型砌块,b,ricks,砖,b,locks,砌块,p,lywood,板材,p,orous,brick,多孔砖,h,ollow,brick,空心砖,s,olid,brick,实心砖,c,lay brick,粘土砖,Chapter 6,Words and Phases,f,ly,ash brick,粉煤灰砖,c,oal,mine waste brick,煤矸石砖,v,ariable,coefficient,变形系数,s,tandard,deviation,标准差,f,ly,ash waste,粉煤灰渣,s,mall-size block,小砌块,m,edium,-size block,中砌块,l,arge,-size block,大砌块,c,ement,concrete block,水泥混凝土砌块,Chapter 6,Words and Phases,f,ly,ash concrete block,粉煤灰硅酸盐混凝土砌块,p,laster,block,石膏砌块,p,orous,block,多孔砌块,s,intered,block,烧结砌块,f,ly,ash and silicate medium-size block,粉煤灰硅酸盐中型砌块,f,rost,-resistance,抗冻性,Chapter 6,s,tonework,石砌体,n,ormal,concrete hollow block,普通混凝土空心砌块,l,ightweight,aggregate concrete block,轻骨料混凝土砌块,r,elative water content,相对含水率,d,ry,shrinkage,干缩率t,hermal,conductivity,导热系数,Words and Phases,Back,Chapter 7,Building Steels,Back,Words and Phases,b,uilding,steels,建筑钢材,p,rofile,steel(steel section),型钢,s,teel,angle,角钢,s,teel,plates,钢板,s,teel,bar for concrete reinforcement(bar),钢筋,s,teel,wire,钢丝,c,olored,metal,有色金属,b,lackness,metal,黑色金属,p,ig,iron,生铁,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,m,olten,iron,生铁水,s,melt,冶炼,o,xidation,氧化,r,eduction,还原,d,eoxidize,脱氧,c,ast,ingot,铸锭,o,xygen,converter,氧气转炉,e,ven,furnace,平炉,e,lectric,cooker,电炉,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,m,elt,molten iron,熔融铁水,c,arbon,steel,碳素钢,a,lloy,steel,合金钢,coke,焦炭,i,ron,ore,铁矿石,c,har,炭,i,mpurities,氧化物,d,eoxidant,脱氧剂,b,oiling steel,沸腾钢,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,s,edation,steel,镇静钢,s,pecial,sedation steel,特殊镇静钢,l,ow,carbon steel,低碳钢,m,edium,carbon steel,中碳钢,c,arbon,steel,碳素钢,h,igh,carbon steel,高碳钢,l,ow,alloy steel,低合金钢,m,edium,alloy steel,中合金钢,a,lloy,steel,合金钢,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,h,igh,alloy steel,高合金钢,d,eoxidation,degree,脱氧程度,c,ommon,steel,普通钢,h,igh,quality steel,优质钢,a,dvanced,high quality steel,高级优质钢,s,tructure,Steel,结构钢,t,ool,Steel,工具钢,s,pecial,steel,特殊钢,s,tainless,steel,不锈钢,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,h,eat-resistant steel,耐热钢,w,ear-resistant steel,耐磨钢,t,ool,刀具,s,teel,tool,量具,mould,模具,i,mpact,toughness,冲击韧性,f,atigue,strength,疲劳强度,c,old bending property,冷弯性能,w,elding,property,焊接性能,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,y,ield,stress,屈服强度,t,ensile strength,抗拉强度,e,longation,伸长率,f,lexibility,phase,弹性阶段,y,ield,phase,屈服阶段,a,ggrandizement,phase,强化阶段,s,hrunken,phase,颈缩阶段,y,ield,point,屈服点,y,ield,t,ensile ratio,屈强比,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,c,ross,-section,断面,r,upture,断裂,c,old working,冷加工,c,old drawing,冷拉,c,old drawn,冷拔,r,igidity,硬度,a,ging,时效,a,ging,sensitivity,时效敏感性,s,trengthen,强化,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,c,rystal,晶体,c,rystal,lattice,晶格,a,berration,畸变,c,rystal,grains,晶粒,s,lid,滑移,s,teel,bar for reinforced concrete,钢筋,c,arbon,structural steel,碳素结构钢,c,odenames,牌号,m,echanical,property,力学性能,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,t,echnical,property,技术标准,i,mpact,-resistance,抗冲击性能,l,ow,-alloy and high-tensile steel,低合金高强度结构钢,a,brasive,resistance,耐磨性,c,orrosion,resistance,耐蚀性,l,ow,temperature resistance,耐低温性,h,ot,-roll steel,热轧钢筋,c,old rolled twisted steel,冷拔低碳钢丝,Chapter 7,Words and Phases,c,old-drawing steel,冷拉钢丝,p,restressing,strand,钢绞线,i,ngot,钢锭,s,teel,wire and strand of,prestressed,concrete,预应力砼用钢丝、钢绞线,h,eat treatment steel of,prestressed,concrete,预应力砼用热处理钢筋,c,old rolled ribbed steel wires and bars,冷轧带肋钢丝、钢筋,Back,Chapter 8,Water Proofing Materials,Back,Words and Phases,w,ater,proofing material,防水材料,p,etroleum,asphalt,石油沥青,w,aterproof,sheet,防水卷材,h,igh,polymer modified bituminous sheet material,高聚物改性沥青防水卷材,SBS modified bituminous sheet material SBS,改性沥青防水材料,e,lastomer,bituminous sheet material,弹性体沥青防水卷材,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,APP modified bituminous sheet material APP,改性沥青防水卷材,p,lastomer,bituminous sheet material,塑性体沥青防水卷材,s,ynthetic,polymer water proof sheet,合成高分子防水卷材,w,aterproof,conformation,防水构造,r,igidity,waterproof,刚性防水,s,oft waterproof,柔性防水,w,aterproof,concrete,防水混凝土,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,w,aterproof,sheet,防水卷材,w,aterproof,coating,防水涂料,j,oint,material,嵌缝材料,a,sphalt,base water proofing material,沥青基防水材料,h,igh,polymer modified asphalt,高聚物改性沥青,s,ynthetic,polymer water proofing material,合成高分子防水材料,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,m,odified,asphalt,改性沥青,c,oal,tar,煤焦油,r,esin,树脂,r,ubber,橡胶,s,ynthetic,polymer material,合成高分子材料,polymer,高聚物,d,istillation,蒸馏,c,rude oil,石油原油,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,b,uilding,petroleum asphalt,建筑石油沥青,p,avement,petroleum asphalt,道路石油沥青,o,rdinary,petroleum asphalt,普通石油沥青,o,il,component,油分,a,sphaltene,沥青质,v,iscosity,粘度,a,dhesive,ability,粘结性,t,emperature,stability,温度稳定性,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,p,araffin,s,often point,软化点,p,enetration,degree,针入度,c,olloid,structure,胶体结构,s,ol,type,溶胶型,s,ol,-gel type,溶凝型,g,el type,凝胶型,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,m,icelle,胶团,h,ydrophobic,material,憎水性材料,a,dhesive,force,附着力,r,elative viscosity,相对粘度,s,olid,or semi-solid petroleum asphalt,固体或半固体石油沥青,l,iquid,petroleum asphalt,液体石油沥青,n,ormal,viscosity,标准粘度,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,p,enetrometer,针入度仪,d,uctility,延度,s,tandard,viscidity,标准粘度,n,ormal,viscidity instrument,标准粘度计,r,ing,and ball softening point instrument,环球法软化点仪,d,istortion,变形,g,lycerine,甘油,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,a,tmosphere,stability,大气稳定性（耐久性）,e,vaporation,蒸发,o,ven,烘箱,s,olubility,溶解度,c,ohesion,粘性,b,ituminous,waterproof sheet material,沥青防水卷材,s,ynthetic,high polymer sheet,合成高分子卷材,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,f,lexibility,柔韧性,m,echanical,strength,机械强度,b,reaking,ability,抗断裂性,f,lexible,sheet waterproof material,可卷曲片状防水材料,m,odified,bituminous,改性沥青,s,upport,胎体,s,urface,material,覆面材料,Chapter 8,f,abric,纤维织物,Words and Phases of Chapter Eight,f,elt,纤维毡,p,olyethylene,membrane,聚乙烯膜,f,iberglass,玻璃纤维,p,olyester,felt,聚酯毡,i,mpermeability,不透水性,h,eat resistance ability,耐热度,e,lasticity,柔度,t,hermalplastic,热塑料,w,ater,impermeability,不透水性,Chapter 8,Words and Phases,Chapter 9,Bituminous Mixture,Back,Words and Phases,b,ituminous,m,ixture,:,沥青混合料,mineral aggregate:,矿质集料,mineral mixture:,矿质混合物,p,etroleum,asphalt admixture material:,石油沥青混合料,c,oal,asphalt admixture material:,煤沥青混合料,h,ot,-mixed and hotspread:,热拌热铺,Chapter 9,Words and Phases,h,ot,-mixed and cool-spread:,热拌冷铺,c,ool,-mixed and cool-spread:,冷拌冷铺,hypothermia flexibility:,低温柔性,s,urface,t,heory,:,表面理论,a,dhesive,cement theory:,胶浆理论,d,ense,-suspended,t,ype,:,密实悬浮型,f,ramework,-interstice,t,ype,:,骨架空隙型,Chapter 9,Words and Phases,d,ense,-framework,t,ype,:,密实骨架型,c,ontinuity,d,ense,g,rading,:,连续型密级配,c,ontinuity,o,pen-,g,raded,:,连续型开级配,d,iscontinuity,d,ense,g,rading,:,间断型密级配,c,oulomb,theory:,库仑理论,shear resistance:,抗剪强度,t,riaxial,s,hear,t,est,:,三轴剪切实验,Chapter 9,Words and Phases,shear normal pressure stress:,剪切法向压应力,angle of internal friction:,内摩擦角,Limestone:,石灰石质,q,uartz,stone:,石英石质,high temperature stability:,高温稳定性,m,arshall,test:,马歇尔试验,s,tability,:,稳定度,Chapter 9,Words and Phases,w,heel rut test:,轮辙试验,low temperature crack resistance:,低温抗裂性,stress:,应力,strain:,应变,limiting deformation:,极限变形,stiffness modulus:,劲度模量,the index of temperature shrinkage:,温度收缩系数,Chapter 9,Words and Phases,the breakage temperature:,断裂温度,a,ccelerated,weathering test:,加速老化试验,m,arshall,test:,马歇尔试验,p,orosity,:,孔隙率,saturation degree:,饱和度,residual stability:,残留稳定度,s,kid resistance:,抗滑性,anti-friction stone,耐磨石料,Chapter 9,Words and Phases,heavy pavement petro