高中英语 非谓语动词之不定式 复习练习课件 外研版选修7 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 1 Grammar,Revision of the Infinitive,Infinitive,不定式由“,to+,动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“,not to do”,，不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化。,不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。不定式的逻辑主语有时用“,for+,名词或代词宾格”构成。,Infinitive,结构,:to do,(,否定,)not to do,二,.,时态与语态,主动语态,被动语态,一般式,进行式,完成式,完成进行式,不定式,to do,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been,done,to have been,doing,-,-,(1).They pretended not,to see us,.,(2).He pretended,to be sleeping,.,(3).She pretended,to have known it before,.,(,一般式,表示与谓语的动作同时,/,几乎,/,发生在,它之后,.),(,在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也,正在进行,),(,完成式,表示动作发生在谓语动作之前,),(4).Were happy,to have been working with you.,(,完成进行式,表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的,动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续,),三,.,用法,/,功能,To see,is,to believe,.,Its important,to learn,.,(1).,主语,不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用,it,作形式主语,.,My job,to help the patient,.,Your task,to clean the classroom,.,is,is,(2).,表语,常在系动词后面，作表语,I want,to go home,.,The workers demanded,to get better pay,.,I found it necessary,to talk to him again,.,(3),宾语,Think/consider/find it+adj to do,常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有,:,ask,agree,afford,choose,decide,determine,expect,decide,hope,like,learn,offer,pretend,prefer,plan,want,wish,refuse,manage,The teacher told me,to clean the blackboard,.I expect you,to give me some help,.,(4).,宾补,五看,watch,see,look at,observe,notice,三使,let,make,have,二听,listen to,hear,一感觉,:,feel,Warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force,等,+sb to do sth,+sb do sth,I made him do his work.,He was made,to,do his work(by me).,不定式用在介词,but,except,besides,后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词,do,的,各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带,to,相反则带,to.,(1).She could,do,nothing,but cry,.,(2).I,have,no choice,but to go,.,(3).What do you like to,do,besides sleep,.,Note 1,Note 2,I have something,to say,.,He has a lot of homework,to do,.,He is looking for a room,to live,in,.,There is nothing,to worry,about,.,(5).,定语,如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词则不定式中要有介词,.,Eg.,请给我一支写字的笔,.,Please give me a pen to write with.,不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。,Note,1.,不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系：,(1),动宾关系,I have a lot of work to do.,我有很多工作要做。,(2),主谓关系,He is always the first to come.,他总是第一个来。,(3),同位关系,We all have a chance to go to college.,我们都有上大学的机会。,2.,作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。,He is looking for a room to live in.,他在找一个房间住。,3.,不定式所修饰的名词如果是,time,place,或,way,，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。,He had no money and no place to live.,他没钱没地方住。,4.something,anything,nothing,everything,等复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。,注意比较：,Have you anything to send?,你有什么东西要,寄,吗（不定式,to send,的动作执行者是,you,）,Have you anything to be sent?,你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？（不定式,to be sent,的动作执行着是已被省略的,me,或,someone else,）,I came here,to see you,.,He got up early,to catch the train.,(6),状语,In order to,so as to,enough to,only to,too.to.,常充当原因、结果、目的状语等，和独立结构。,Note:,表结果,不定式：意想不到的结果,Ving,：顺其自然、理所应当的结果,I hurried to the station to see Tom off,only to find,he had already left.,We adopted new methods,improving,the quality of our products.,(7).,独立结构,to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truth,To tell the truth,I dont agree with you.,固定句型,1.had better/had best+(not)do sth.,最好（不）做某事,2.cannot but 3.cannot choose but +do sth.,不得不做,4.cannot help but,5.Why(not)do sth.?,6.prefer to do/prefer doing,7.prefer+n./doing to+n./doing,8.prefer+to do sth.rather than (to)do sth.,9.,would rather,+,句子（过去式）（虚拟语气）要做,10.advise,建议,allow,允许,permit,允许,forbid,禁止,11.want/wish/promise+(sb.)+to do sth.,hope+to do sth.,12.hoped,promised,wanted,wished,expected,planed +to have done,should/would like,表示过去没有实现的期待、计划或愿望,+,doing sth.,sb.to sth.,关于小品词,to,(1).,不定式中的动词上文已出现过,下文要,省略该动词,.,Eg:Would you like to go with me?,Id like to.,(2).,不定式是,to be,结构,be,不可省,.,Eg:Would you like to be a teacher?,Id like to be.,不定式与疑问词,who,which,when,how,what,等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语、表语、宾语等。,He didnt know what to say.,他不知道说什么。,(,宾语,),How to solve the problem is very important.,如何解决这个问题很重要。,(,主语,),My question is when to start.,我的问题是什么时候开始。,(,表语,),注意：,在与,why,连用时，只用于,why,或,why not,开头的简短疑问句中，后面紧跟的动词不定式不带,to,。,Why not have a rest?,(3).,例如：,He is looking for a room to live in,他在找一个房间住。,There is nothing to worry about,无什么可担心的。,Please give me a knife to cut with,请给我把刀子来切东西。,但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是,time,，,place,或,way,，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。,例如：,He had no money and no place,to live,他没钱没地方住。,注,：当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其意义有所不同。,试比较：,A)Have you anything to send?,你有什么东西要寄吗,?(,不定式,to send,的动作执行者是,you),B,)Have you anything to be sent?,你有什么要,(,我或别人,),寄的东西吗,?,(,不定式,to be sent,的动作执行者是已,省略的,me,或,someone,else),(,5),作状语，表示目的、原因、结果或条件。,例如：,I,came here to see you,(,目的,),We were very excited to hear the news,(,原因,),He hurried to the school to find nobody,there.,(,结果,),目的状语还可以用,in order to,或,so as,to,来表示。,例如：,In,order to pass the exam,，,he worked,very hard,为了考试及格，他学习很刻苦。,We,ran all the way so as not to be late,为了别迟到我们一路上跑来的。,不定式也可以在作表语用的形容词后,面作状语。,例如：,The question is difficult to answer,这个问题难回答。,“,too+,形容词或副词,+,不定式”也作状语。,例如：,He is too old to do that,他太老不能做这事了。,另外句子中有,enough,这个词时，常用,不定式作状语。,例如：,The room is big enough to hold us,这间屋子够大能盛得下我们。,例如：,He is too old to do that,他太老不能做这事了。,另外句子中有,enough,这个词时，常用,不定式作状语。,例如：,The room is big enough to hold us,这间屋子够大能盛得下我们。,Using Verbs with Infinitives,Identify,the,function of the Infinitive.,(subject),(subject)predicative),(attribute),.,.,.,.,1.It is good to help others.,2.It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.,3.My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.,4.I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.,(attribute),(object),(object),(adverbial),(adverbial),(object complement),.,.,.,.,.,.,.,5.I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake.,6.A big company has decided to buy it from me.,7.My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.,8.I have had to work hard to live a normal life.,9.Some days I am too tired to get out of bed.,10.We must call on local government to give financial assistance to disabled people.,不定式作宾补,(,object complement),My mum asks,me,to play the piano,two hours every day.,动词不定式的时态和语态,形 式,主 动,被 动,一般式,进行式,完成式,完成进行式,to do,to have done,to be doing,to have been,doing,to be done,to have been,done,1.Last summer I took a course on_.,A.how to make dresses,B.how dresses be made,C.how to be made dresses,D.how dresses to be made,2.Ive worked with children before,so,I know what _ in my new job.,A.expected B.to expect,C.to be expecting D.expects,3.There are five pairs_,but I am at,a loss which to buy.,A to be chosen B to choose from,C to choose D for choosing,4.I find these problems are easy_.,A.to be worked out,B.to work them out,C.to work out,D.to be worked them out,5._late in the morning,Bob turned,off the alarm.,A.To sleep B.Sleeping,C.Sleep D.Having slept,6.I would love _to the party last,night but I had to work extra hours,to finish a report.,A.to go B.having gone,C.going D.to have gone,7.John was made _the truck for,a week as a punishment.,A.to wash B.washing,C.wash D.to be washing,8.Tom kept quiet about the accident,lose his job.,A.so not as to B.so as not to,C.so as to not D.not so as to,9.The patient was warned _oily,food after the operation.,A.to eat not B.eating not,C.not to eat D.not eating,1,爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。,_ are both great happiness.,2,据说他已经完成了他的工作。,He is said _,_.,3,根据报道他们已安全到达。,They are reported _.,To love and to be loved,to have finished/completed,his work,翻译下面的句子,to have arrived safely,4,我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。,I want this bike _,_.,5,玛利仿佛已经被告知此事了。,Mary seemed _.,6,众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚,金牌。,He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympics.,to be repaired at once,to have been told about it,to have been given,/immediately,Homework,奔腾英语,一个单元,作业本,模块七,Unnit 1Part 3,。,